Language: Proto-Hmong-Mien

Affiliation: Hmong-Mien Family in WALS

As donor languoid

The map shows Proto-Hmong-Mien in blue and the recipient languages that borrowed from it in red.

List of recipient languages that borrowed words from Proto-Hmong-Mien
Recipient language Words borrowed from Proto-Hmong-Mien
name immediate earlier
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Recipient language

These are the names of recipient languages that borrowed words directly or indirectly from this languoid.

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Number of direct loanwords

This is the number of words that the donor languoid contributed directly to this recipient language.

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Direct loanwords

These are (some of) the direct loanwords (or calques) from this donor languoid into the recipient language.

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Number of indirect loanwords

This is the number of words that the donor languoid contributed indirectly, i.e. via another, intermediate donor languoid, to this recipient language.

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Indirect loanwords

These are (some of) the indirect loanwords (or calques) from this donor languoid into the recipient language.

Mandarin Chinese 5 *klu2, > (maiC), > *(?)liŋ, *rau2 (’related to’), *prau2 0