Meaning 1.329: the ocean

The Loanword Typology code is the identifier of the Loanword Typology meaning. Sorting by LWT Code sorts the meanings thematically by semantic field.
This column shows the labels of the Loanword Typology meanings. By clicking on a meaning label, you get more information about the meaning, as well as a list of all words that are counterparts of that meaning.
Meanings were assigned to semantic categories with word-class-like labels: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, function words. No claim is made about the grammatical behavior of words corresponding to these meanings. The categories are intended to be purely semantic.

The first 22 fields are the fields of the Intercontinental Dictionary Series meaning list, proposed by Mary Ritchie Key, and ultimately based on Carl Darling Buck's (1949) Dictionary of selected synonyms in the principal Indo-European languages. The other two fields were added for the Loanword Typology project.

Click on the field label to get a list of only those words that belong to that field.

This gives the average borrowed score of all words corresponding to this meaning. The following borrowed scores are assigned to words depending on the degree of likelihood of borrowing:

  score
1. clearly borrowed 1.00
2. probably borrowed 0.75
3. perhaps borrowed 0.50
4. very little evidence for borrowing 0.25
5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00

This gives the average age score of all words corresponding to this meaning. The following age scores are assigned to words depending on the estaimated age of their age class:

  score
1. first attested or reconstructed earlier than 1000 1.00
2. earlier than 1500 0.90
3. earlier than 1800 0.80
4. earlier than 1900 0.70
5. earlier than 1950 0.60
6. earlier than 2007 0.50

This gives the average simplicity score of all words corresponding to this meaning. The following simplicity scores are assigned to words depending on their analyzability:

  score
1. unanalyzable 1.00
2. semi-analyzable 0.75
3. analyzable 0.50
This column shows how many counterparts for this meaning there are in the 41 languages. The number can be higher than 41 because a language may have several counterparts for one meaning ("synonyms"), and it may be lower than 41, because not all languages may have a counterpart for a meaning.
Description: 'any of the world's major bodies of salt water'; generally larger than 'sea'
Typical context: The Pacific Ocean is larger than the Atlantic Ocean.
Semantic field: The physical world
Semantic category: Noun
Borrowed score : 0.61
Age score : 0.81
Simplicity score : 0.79
Counterpart words in the World Loanword Database
Voc. ID Vocabulary Word Form Original Script Borrowed status Borrowed score Age score Simplicity score Source Words
21 Japanese kaiyō 海洋 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.90 0.50
27 Indonesian samudra 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
27 Indonesian lautan 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
37 Imbabura Quechua mama kucha 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
36 Saramaccan zé 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.90 1.00
zee ( Dutch )
29 Takia beig awa-n tbu-n 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
19 Sakha akɨyaːn 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.70 1.00
41 Mapudungun ḻafkeṉ 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
34 Q'eqchi' palaw 3. perhaps borrowed 0.50 1.00 1.00
6 Tarifiyt Berber řəƀħā 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
7 Seychelles Creole losean 4. very little evidence for borrowing 0.25 0.80 1.00
1 Swahili bahari 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
33 Zinacantán Tzotzil nab 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
24 Vietnamese đại dương 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 0.50
26 Ceq Wong lawot 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.50 1.00
laut ( Malay )
12 Dutch oceaan 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.90 1.00
13 English ocean 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
40 Wichí inot litak 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.70 0.50
32 Yaqui bwe’u baawe 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.70 0.50
35 Otomi däzabi 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
18 Ket mora 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.70 1.00
30 Hawaiian moana (1) 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
4 Hausa báhàa, báhàr̃ 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
4 Hausa tèekú 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
5 Kanuri báhàr 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
5 Kanuri njî kúrà 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
14 Kildin Saami ak’eán акеан 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.50 1.00
8 Romanian ocean 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.50 1.00
38 Kali'na palana 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 1.00
15 Bezhta akean 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.70 1.00
23 Thai mahǎasamùt มหาสมุทร 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.50 0.50
22 Mandarin Chinese hai3yang2 海洋 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
10 Lower Sorbian ocean 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
28 Malagasy ranomasimbè 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
21 Japanese taiyō (2) 大洋 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 0.50