Meaning 1.45: the earthquake

The Loanword Typology code is the identifier of the Loanword Typology meaning. Sorting by LWT Code sorts the meanings thematically by semantic field.
This column shows the labels of the Loanword Typology meanings. By clicking on a meaning label, you get more information about the meaning, as well as a list of all words that are counterparts of that meaning.
Meanings were assigned to semantic categories with word-class-like labels: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, function words. No claim is made about the grammatical behavior of words corresponding to these meanings. The categories are intended to be purely semantic.

The first 22 fields are the fields of the Intercontinental Dictionary Series meaning list, proposed by Mary Ritchie Key, and ultimately based on Carl Darling Buck's (1949) Dictionary of selected synonyms in the principal Indo-European languages. The other two fields were added for the Loanword Typology project.

Click on the field label to get a list of only those words that belong to that field.

This gives the average borrowed score of all words corresponding to this meaning. The following borrowed scores are assigned to words depending on the degree of likelihood of borrowing:

  score
1. clearly borrowed 1.00
2. probably borrowed 0.75
3. perhaps borrowed 0.50
4. very little evidence for borrowing 0.25
5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00

This gives the average age score of all words corresponding to this meaning. The following age scores are assigned to words depending on the estaimated age of their age class:

  score
1. first attested or reconstructed earlier than 1000 1.00
2. earlier than 1500 0.90
3. earlier than 1800 0.80
4. earlier than 1900 0.70
5. earlier than 1950 0.60
6. earlier than 2007 0.50

This gives the average simplicity score of all words corresponding to this meaning. The following simplicity scores are assigned to words depending on their analyzability:

  score
1. unanalyzable 1.00
2. semi-analyzable 0.75
3. analyzable 0.50
This column shows how many counterparts for this meaning there are in the 41 languages. The number can be higher than 41 because a language may have several counterparts for one meaning ("synonyms"), and it may be lower than 41, because not all languages may have a counterpart for a meaning.
Typical context: The house was destroyed by an earthquake.
Semantic field: The physical world
Semantic category: Noun
Borrowed score : 0.25
Age score : 0.81
Simplicity score : 0.67
Counterpart words in the World Loanword Database
Voc. ID Vocabulary Word Form Original Script Borrowed status Borrowed score Age score Simplicity score Source Words
21 Japanese jishin 地震 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 0.50
27 Indonesian lindu 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.90 1.00
27 Indonesian gempa (bumi/tektonik) 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 0.50
3 Gawwada piye ʔí=heereʔti 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
37 Imbabura Quechua allpa chukchuy 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
17 Manange 1suŋkul 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
29 Takia knawrig 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.90 1.00
19 Sakha sir χamsaːhɨna 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
41 Mapudungun nüyüṉ 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
34 Q'eqchi' hiik 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
6 Tarifiyt Berber zzinzal 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
6 Tarifiyt Berber nhəzz 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
2 Iraqw kuunseeli 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00
7 Seychelles Creole tranbleman-d-ter 3. perhaps borrowed 0.50 0.80 0.50
1 Swahili tetemeko (la ardhi) 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
33 Zinacantán Tzotzil nikel 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.75
24 Vietnamese địa động 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
12 Dutch aardbeving 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
13 English earthquake 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
40 Wichí hunhat w’ahi 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.80 0.50
32 Yaqui bwia emo yoa 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.70 0.50
35 Otomi mpo̲ñha̲i 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.75
35 Otomi mpo̲ni 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.60 1.00
39 Hup j’áh y’ũy’ũ´y’ 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
30 Hawaiian `ōla`i 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.90 1.00
4 Hausa gìgízàr̃ ƙásáa 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
5 Kanuri cə́dí lólójì 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
16 Archi dunil χiriχkumul 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
14 Kildin Saami jēmm’n’e-pušštnehk’ е̄ммьне-пушштнэһкь 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
8 Romanian seism 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.80 1.00
8 Romanian cutremur 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
9 Selice Romani feldrengíši 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.90 0.75
38 Kali'na tɨtɨtɨ 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 1.00
15 Bezhta mäče laxƛōɬi 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
25 White Hmong av qeeg 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
23 Thai phàendinwǎy แผ่นดินไหว 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
22 Mandarin Chinese di4zhen4 地震 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
10 Lower Sorbian zemjerdžanje 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
28 Malagasy horohorontàny 3. perhaps borrowed 0.50 0.50 0.50
20 Oroqen tur urtərgətʃə 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50