Meaning 18.19: to howl

Description: ‘(dog/wolf/other mammal:) to make a long, loud sound’
Semantic field: Speech and language
Semantic category: Verb
Borrowed score
Borrowed score

This gives the average borrowed score of all words corresponding to this meaning. The following borrowed scores are assigned to words depending on the degree of likelihood of borrowing:

 
score
1. clearly borrowed
1.00
2. probably borrowed
0.75
3. perhaps borrowed
0.50
4. very little evidence for borrowing
0.25
5. no evidence for borrowing
0.00

:		 0.04
Age score
Age score

This gives the average age score of all words corresponding to this meaning. The following age scores are assigned to words depending on the estaimated age of their age class:

 
score
1. first attested or reconstructed earlier than 1000
1.00
2. earlier than 1500
0.90
3. earlier than 1800
0.80
4. earlier than 1900
0.70
5. earlier than 1950
0.60
6. earlier than 2007
0.50

:		 0.85
Simplicity score
Simplicity score

This gives the average simplicity score of all words corresponding to this meaning. The following simplicity scores are assigned to words depending on their analyzability:

 
score
1. unanalyzable
1.00
2. semi-analyzable
0.75
3. analyzable
0.50

:		 0.85
Counterpart words in the World Loanword Database
Voc. ID Vocabulary Word Form Original Script Borrowed status Borrowed score Age score Simplicity score Source Words
16 Archi uwbos 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.75
6 Tarifiyt Berber ssɣuyy 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.75
15 Bezhta kõwa- 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 1.00
26 Ceq Wong njəm 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
12 Dutch huilen 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.75
13 English howl 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
3 Gawwada ʕuuk 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
31 Gurindji muwup ma- 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
4 Hausa yí ƙúugíi 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
30 Hawaiian puō 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.90 1.00
39 Hup ʔɔt- 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
37 Imbabura Quechua awllana 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.70 0.75
27 Indonesian melolong 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
2 Iraqw /aa/ 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00
21 Japanese hoeru 吼える・吠える・咆える 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
38 Kali'na wataitapo 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
5 Kanuri yàlùtà 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
18 Ket daŋbuliŋ 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.70 1.00
14 Kildin Saami oallve оаллвэ 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 1.00
10 Lower Sorbian wuś 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
28 Malagasy midradradràdra 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
22 Mandarin Chinese jiao4 (2) 叫, 叫 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
41 Mapudungun wawlun 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
11 Old High German hû(wi)lôn 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.75
20 Oroqen bʊni- 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 1.00
35 Otomi mafi 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.90 1.00
34 Q'eqchi' oq'lok 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
8 Romanian a urla 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
19 Sakha uluy 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
9 Selice Romani roven 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
7 Seychelles Creole irle 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.90 1.00
1 Swahili -lia (1) (mlio mkali) 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
1 Swahili -nguruma 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
29 Takia -bob 4. very little evidence for borrowing 0.25 0.90 1.00
23 Thai hɔ̌ɔn หอน 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
33 Zinacantán Tzotzil 7avan 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
24 Vietnamese hú 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
25 White Hmong nqov 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.90 1.00
40 Wichí t’onlhi 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.70 0.50
32 Yaqui bwaana 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00