Meaning 5.82: the pepper

The Loanword Typology code is the identifier of the Loanword Typology meaning. Sorting by LWT Code sorts the meanings thematically by semantic field.
This column shows the labels of the Loanword Typology meanings. By clicking on a meaning label, you get more information about the meaning, as well as a list of all words that are counterparts of that meaning.
Meanings were assigned to semantic categories with word-class-like labels: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, function words. No claim is made about the grammatical behavior of words corresponding to these meanings. The categories are intended to be purely semantic.

The first 22 fields are the fields of the Intercontinental Dictionary Series meaning list, proposed by Mary Ritchie Key, and ultimately based on Carl Darling Buck's (1949) Dictionary of selected synonyms in the principal Indo-European languages. The other two fields were added for the Loanword Typology project.

Click on the field label to get a list of only those words that belong to that field.

This gives the average borrowed score of all words corresponding to this meaning. The following borrowed scores are assigned to words depending on the degree of likelihood of borrowing:

  score
1. clearly borrowed 1.00
2. probably borrowed 0.75
3. perhaps borrowed 0.50
4. very little evidence for borrowing 0.25
5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00

This gives the average age score of all words corresponding to this meaning. The following age scores are assigned to words depending on the estaimated age of their age class:

  score
1. first attested or reconstructed earlier than 1000 1.00
2. earlier than 1500 0.90
3. earlier than 1800 0.80
4. earlier than 1900 0.70
5. earlier than 1950 0.60
6. earlier than 2007 0.50

This gives the average simplicity score of all words corresponding to this meaning. The following simplicity scores are assigned to words depending on their analyzability:

  score
1. unanalyzable 1.00
2. semi-analyzable 0.75
3. analyzable 0.50
This column shows how many counterparts for this meaning there are in the 41 languages. The number can be higher than 41 because a language may have several counterparts for one meaning ("synonyms"), and it may be lower than 41, because not all languages may have a counterpart for a meaning.
Description: 'black pepper, a table seasoning produced from the berries of the plant Piper nigrum'
Semantic field: Food and drink
Semantic category: Noun
Borrowed score : 0.66
Age score : 0.83
Simplicity score : 0.89
Counterpart words in the World Loanword Database
Voc. ID Vocabulary Word Form Original Script Borrowed status Borrowed score Age score Simplicity score Source Words
21 Japanese koshō 胡椒 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 0.50
20 Oroqen hudʒau 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.70 1.00
27 Indonesian lada 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
27 Indonesian merica 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.90 1.00
17 Manange kutuŋ 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 1.00
36 Saramaccan pë́pë 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.90 1.00
19 Sakha bieres 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.90 1.00
34 Q'eqchi' kaxlan q’een 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
6 Tarifiyt Berber řfəřfəř 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
2 Iraqw pilipili 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.60 1.00
7 Seychelles Creole dipwav 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.90 1.00
1 Swahili pilipili manga 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 0.50
33 Zinacantán Tzotzil pimenta 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.90 1.00
24 Vietnamese tiêu 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
12 Dutch peper 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
piper ( Latin )
13 English pepper 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
piper ( Latin )
40 Wichí ponhontaj 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.80 0.50
32 Yaqui pimientam 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.90 1.00
35 Otomi nthänts'i 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
30 Hawaiian pepa (2) 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.90 1.00
4 Hausa màsóor̃óo 3. perhaps borrowed 0.50 1.00 1.00
5 Kanuri mòsóró 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
5 Kanuri njìttá 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 1.00 1.00
16 Archi istihoti 2. probably borrowed 0.75 0.50 0.75
14 Kildin Saami pierec пе̄рэц 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.50 1.00
8 Romanian piper 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
9 Selice Romani pepšo 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.60 1.00
pepř ( Czech )
11 Old High German pheffur, pheffar 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
piper ( Latin )
31 Gurindji pipa 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.70 1.00
15 Bezhta p’ilp’il 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
25 White Hmong hwj txob 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.50 1.00
23 Thai phríkthay พริกไทย 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
22 Mandarin Chinese hu2jiao1 胡椒 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.50 0.50
10 Lower Sorbian pjepjeŕ 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 1.00 1.00
piper ( Latin )
28 Malagasy dipoàvatra 1. clearly borrowed 1.00 0.80 1.00
18 Ket bogij 5. no evidence for borrowing 0.00 0.70 0.75