Swahili Vocabulary

by Thilo Schadeberg

The vocabulary contains 1830 meaning-word pairs from the recipient language Swahili . The corresponding text chapter was published in the book "Loanwords in the World's Languages". The language page Swahili contains a list of all loanwords arranged by donor languoid.

The word is given in the usual orthography or transcription, and in the usual citation form.

Click on a word to get even more information than is shown in this table.

The Loanword Typology code is the identifier of the Loanword Typology meaning. Sorting by LWT Code sorts the words thematically by semantic field.
This column shows the labels of the Loanword Typology meanings. By clicking on a meaning label, you get more information about the meaning, as well as a list of all words that are counterparts of that meaning.

There are five borrowed statuses, reflecting decreasing likelihood that the word is a loanword:

  1. clearly borrowed
  2. probably borrowed
  3. perhaps borrowed
  4. very little evidence for borrowing
  5. no evidence for borrowing
This is the time period during which the word is hypothesized to have come into the language as a loanword, or during which it is first attested, or for which it can be reconstructed.
This gives the usual written form for languages that do not use the Latin script.
For (possible) loanwords, this column shows the words in the source languages that served as models.
Word LWT Code Meaning Borrowed Status Source Words
[help] [help] [help] [help] [help]
dunia 1.1 the world 1. clearly borrowed
ulimwengu 1.1 the world 4. very little evidence for borrowing
nchi kavu 1.21 the land 5. no evidence for borrowing
udongo 1.212 the soil 5. no evidence for borrowing
vumbi 1.213 the dust 5. no evidence for borrowing
matope 1.214 the mud 5. no evidence for borrowing
mchanga 1.215 the sand 5. no evidence for borrowing
mlima 1.22 the mountain or hill 5. no evidence for borrowing
kilima 1.22 the mountain or hill 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwamba (1) 1.222 the cliff or precipice 5. no evidence for borrowing
tambarare 1.23 the plain 5. no evidence for borrowing
bonde 1.24 the valley 5. no evidence for borrowing
kisiwa 1.25 the island 5. no evidence for borrowing
bara 1.26 the mainland 1. clearly borrowed
barr ( Arabic )
bar ( Persian )
ufuko 1.27 the shore 5. no evidence for borrowing
pwani 1.27 the shore 5. no evidence for borrowing
pango 1.28 the cave 5. no evidence for borrowing
maji 1.31 the water 5. no evidence for borrowing
bahari 1.32 the sea 1. clearly borrowed
shwari, shuwari 1.322 calm 1. clearly borrowed
-chafuka 1.323 rough(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
povu 1.324 the foam 5. no evidence for borrowing
bahari 1.329 the ocean 1. clearly borrowed
ziwa (1) 1.33 the lake 5. no evidence for borrowing
ghuba 1.34 the bay 1. clearly borrowed
wangwa 1.341 the lagoon 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwamba (1) 1.342 the reef 5. no evidence for borrowing
rasi 1.343 the cape 1. clearly borrowed
wimbi (1) 1.35 the wave 5. no evidence for borrowing
maji (ya) kujaa na kupwa 1.352 the tide 5. no evidence for borrowing
maji kupwa 1.353 the low tide 5. no evidence for borrowing
maji kujaa 1.354 the high tide 5. no evidence for borrowing
mto (1) 1.36 the river or stream 5. no evidence for borrowing
chemchemi 1.37 the spring or well 5. no evidence for borrowing
kisima 1.37 the spring or well 5. no evidence for borrowing
kinamasi 1.38 the swamp 5. no evidence for borrowing
maporomoko (ya maji) 1.39 the waterfall 5. no evidence for borrowing
msitu 1.41 the woods or forest 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwitu 1.41 the woods or forest 5. no evidence for borrowing
mbuga 1.411 the savanna 3. perhaps borrowed
nyika 1.411 the savanna 5. no evidence for borrowing
savana 1.411 the savanna 1. clearly borrowed
mti 1.43 the wood 5. no evidence for borrowing
jiwe 1.44 the stone or rock 5. no evidence for borrowing
tetemeko (la ardhi) 1.45 the earthquake 5. no evidence for borrowing
mbingu 1.51 the sky 5. no evidence for borrowing
anga 1.51 the sky 5. no evidence for borrowing
jua 1.52 the sun 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwezi 1.53 the moon 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyota 1.54 the star 5. no evidence for borrowing
umeme 1.55 the lightning 5. no evidence for borrowing
ngurumo 1.56 the thunder 5. no evidence for borrowing
radi 1.57 the bolt of lightning 1. clearly borrowed
tufani 1.58 the storm 1. clearly borrowed
dhoruba, dharuba 1.58 the storm 1. clearly borrowed
kimbunga 1.58 the storm 5. no evidence for borrowing
upinde (wa mvua) 1.59 the rainbow 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwanga 1.61 the light 5. no evidence for borrowing
nuru 1.61 the light 1. clearly borrowed
nūr ( Arabic )
giza, kiza 1.62 the darkness 4. very little evidence for borrowing
kivuli 1.63 the shade or shadow 5. no evidence for borrowing
umande 1.64 the dew 4. very little evidence for borrowing
hewa 1.71 the air 1. clearly borrowed
upepo 1.72 the wind 5. no evidence for borrowing
wingu 1.73 the cloud 5. no evidence for borrowing
ukungu 1.74 the fog 5. no evidence for borrowing
mvua 1.75 the rain 5. no evidence for borrowing
theluji 1.76 the snow 1. clearly borrowed
barafu 1.77 the ice 1. clearly borrowed
miali ya kaskazini ya dunia 1.771 the arctic lights 5. no evidence for borrowing
-ganda 1.775 to freeze 5. no evidence for borrowing
hali ya hewa 1.78 the weather 5. no evidence for borrowing
moto 1.81 the fire 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulimi wa moto 1.82 the flame 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwali 1.82 the flame 3. perhaps borrowed
moshi 1.83 the smoke 5. no evidence for borrowing
mvuke 1.831 the steam 5. no evidence for borrowing
jivu 1.84 the ash 5. no evidence for borrowing
makaa (ya moto) 1.841 the embers 5. no evidence for borrowing
-unguza 1.851 to burn(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
-ungua 1.852 to burn(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
-waka 1.852 to burn(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
-washa 1.86 to light 5. no evidence for borrowing
-zima (1) 1.861 to extinguish 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiberiti 1.87 the match 1. clearly borrowed
kuni 1.88 the firewood 5. no evidence for borrowing
makaa 1.89 the charcoal 5. no evidence for borrowing
mtu 2.1 the person 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwanamume 2.21 the man 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwanamke 2.22 the woman 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiume 2.23 male(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
kike 2.24 female(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mtoto 2.25 the boy 5. no evidence for borrowing
mvulana 2.251 the young man 5. no evidence for borrowing
kijana 2.251 the young man 5. no evidence for borrowing
mtoto 2.26 the girl 5. no evidence for borrowing
msichana 2.261 the young woman 5. no evidence for borrowing
kijana 2.261 the young woman 5. no evidence for borrowing
mtoto 2.27 the child(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mtoto mchanga 2.28 the baby 5. no evidence for borrowing
mume 2.31 the husband 5. no evidence for borrowing
mke 2.32 the wife 5. no evidence for borrowing
-oa 2.33 to marry 5. no evidence for borrowing
-olewa 2.33 to marry 5. no evidence for borrowing
arusi, harusi 2.34 the wedding 1. clearly borrowed
talaka 2.341 the divorce 1. clearly borrowed
baba 2.35 the father 4. very little evidence for borrowing
mama 2.36 the mother 4. very little evidence for borrowing
mzazi 2.37 the parents 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwana 2.41 the son 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwana 2.42 the daughter 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwana 2.43 the child(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
kaka 2.44 the brother 3. perhaps borrowed
ndugu 2.44 the brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkubwa 2.44 the brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
mdogo 2.44 the brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
kaka 2.444 the older brother 3. perhaps borrowed
mkubwa 2.444 the older brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndugu 2.444 the older brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
mdogo 2.445 the younger brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndugu 2.445 the younger brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndugu 2.45 the sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
dada 2.45 the sister 3. perhaps borrowed
dāda(t) ( Arabic , uncertain)
mdogo 2.45 the sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkubwa 2.45 the sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
dada 2.454 the older sister 3. perhaps borrowed
dāda(t) ( Arabic , uncertain)
mkubwa 2.454 the older sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndugu 2.454 the older sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
mdogo 2.455 the younger sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndugu 2.455 the younger sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndugu 2.456 the sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
kaka 2.456 the sibling 3. perhaps borrowed
dada 2.456 the sibling 3. perhaps borrowed
dāda(t) ( Arabic , uncertain)
mkubwa 2.456 the sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
mdogo 2.456 the sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkubwa 2.4561 the older sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndugu 2.4561 the older sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
kaka 2.4561 the older sibling 3. perhaps borrowed
dada 2.4561 the older sibling 3. perhaps borrowed
dāda(t) ( Arabic , uncertain)
mdogo 2.4562 the younger sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndugu 2.4562 the younger sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
pacha 2.458 the twins 5. no evidence for borrowing
babu 2.46 the grandfather 3. perhaps borrowed
mzee 2.461 the old man 5. no evidence for borrowing
bibi 2.47 the grandmother 3. perhaps borrowed
mzee 2.471 the old woman 5. no evidence for borrowing
mjukuu 2.48 the grandson 5. no evidence for borrowing
mjukuu 2.49 the granddaughter 5. no evidence for borrowing
mjukuu 2.5 the grandchild 5. no evidence for borrowing
baba 2.51 the uncle 4. very little evidence for borrowing
mjomba 2.51 the uncle 5. no evidence for borrowing
mjomba 2.511 the mother's brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
baba 2.512 the father's brother 4. very little evidence for borrowing
ami, amu 2.512 the father's brother 1. clearly borrowed
mama 2.52 the aunt 4. very little evidence for borrowing
shangazi 2.52 the aunt 5. no evidence for borrowing
mama 2.521 the mother's sister 4. very little evidence for borrowing
shangazi 2.522 the father's sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwana 2.53 the nephew 5. no evidence for borrowing
mpwa 2.53 the nephew 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwana 2.54 the niece 5. no evidence for borrowing
mpwa 2.54 the niece 5. no evidence for borrowing
mpwa 2.541 the sibling’s child 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwana 2.541 the sibling’s child 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndugu 2.55 the cousin 5. no evidence for borrowing
binamu 2.55 the cousin 1. clearly borrowed
mjomba 2.55 the cousin 5. no evidence for borrowing
mpwa 2.55 the cousin 5. no evidence for borrowing
mababu 2.56 the ancestors 5. no evidence for borrowing
mzawa 2.57 the descendants 5. no evidence for borrowing
dhuria 2.57 the descendants 1. clearly borrowed
mkwe 2.61 the father-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkwe 2.611 the father-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkwe 2.62 the mother-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkwe 2.621 the mother-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkwe 2.622 the parents-in-law 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkwe 2.63 the son-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkwe 2.631 the son-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkwe 2.64 the daughter-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkwe 2.641 the daughter-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkwe 2.6411 the child-in-law 5. no evidence for borrowing
shemeji 2.6412 the sibling-in-law 5. no evidence for borrowing
wifi 2.6412 the sibling-in-law 5. no evidence for borrowing
baba wa kambo 2.71 the stepfather 5. no evidence for borrowing
mama wa kambo 2.72 the stepmother 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwana wa kambo 2.73 the stepson 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwana wa kambo 2.74 the stepdaughter 5. no evidence for borrowing
yatima 2.75 the orphan 1. clearly borrowed
mjane 2.76 the widow 5. no evidence for borrowing
mjane 2.77 the widower 5. no evidence for borrowing
jamaa 2.81 the relatives 1. clearly borrowed
ndugu 2.81 the relatives 5. no evidence for borrowing
familia 2.82 the family 1. clearly borrowed
jamaa 2.82 the family 1. clearly borrowed
mimi 2.91 I 5. no evidence for borrowing
wewe 2.92 you (singular) 5. no evidence for borrowing
yeye 2.93 he/she/it 5. no evidence for borrowing
yeye 2.931 he 5. no evidence for borrowing
yeye 2.932 she 5. no evidence for borrowing
yeye 2.933 it 5. no evidence for borrowing
sisi 2.94 we 5. no evidence for borrowing
sisi 2.941 we (inclusive) 5. no evidence for borrowing
sisi 2.942 we (exclusive) 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyinyi, ninyi 2.95 you (plural) 5. no evidence for borrowing
wao 2.96 they 5. no evidence for borrowing
mnyama 3.11 the animal 5. no evidence for borrowing
dume 3.12 male(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiume 3.12 male(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
jike 3.13 female(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
kike 3.13 female(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mfugo 3.15 the livestock 5. no evidence for borrowing
malishoni 3.16 the pasture 5. no evidence for borrowing
machungani 3.16 the pasture 5. no evidence for borrowing
mchungaji 3.18 the herdsman 5. no evidence for borrowing
zizi 3.19 the stable or stall 5. no evidence for borrowing
ng’ombe 3.2 the cattle 5. no evidence for borrowing
fahali 3.21 the bull 1. clearly borrowed
ng’ombe 3.23 the cow 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndama 3.24 the calf 5. no evidence for borrowing
kondoo 3.25 the sheep 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwanakondoo 3.29 the lamb 5. no evidence for borrowing
nguruwe (mwitu) 3.32 the boar 5. no evidence for borrowing
nguruwe 3.35 the pig 5. no evidence for borrowing
mbuzi 3.36 the goat 4. very little evidence for borrowing
buz ( Persian )
beberu 3.37 the he-goat 2. probably borrowed
mwanambuzi 3.38 the kid 5. no evidence for borrowing
farasi 3.41 the horse 1. clearly borrowed
mwanafarasi 3.45 the foal or colt 5. no evidence for borrowing
punda 3.46 the donkey 5. no evidence for borrowing
baghala 3.47 the mule 1. clearly borrowed
jogoo 3.52 the cock/rooster 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuku (jike) 3.54 the hen 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuku 3.55 the chicken 5. no evidence for borrowing
bata bukini 3.56 the goose 5. no evidence for borrowing
bata 3.57 the duck 1. clearly borrowed
kiota, kioto 3.58 the nest 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndege 3.581 the bird 5. no evidence for borrowing
shakwe 3.582 the seagull 5. no evidence for borrowing
kulasitara, kulastara 3.583 the heron 5. no evidence for borrowing
yangeyange 3.583 the heron 5. no evidence for borrowing
kozi 3.584 the eagle 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwewe 3.585 the hawk 5. no evidence for borrowing
tai 3.586 the vulture 4. very little evidence for borrowing
tumbusi, tumbuzi 3.586 the vulture 5. no evidence for borrowing
popo 3.591 the bat 5. no evidence for borrowing
kasuku 3.592 the parrot 3. perhaps borrowed
kunguru 3.593 the crow 5. no evidence for borrowing
njiwa 3.594 the dove 5. no evidence for borrowing
bundi 3.596 the owl 5. no evidence for borrowing
mnandi 3.597 the cormorant 5. no evidence for borrowing
mbwa 3.61 the dog 5. no evidence for borrowing
sungura 3.614 the rabbit 5. no evidence for borrowing
paka 3.62 the cat 5. no evidence for borrowing
panya 3.63 the mouse or rat 5. no evidence for borrowing
samaki 3.65 the fish 1. clearly borrowed
pezi 3.652 the fin 5. no evidence for borrowing
gamba, mamba 3.653 the scale 5. no evidence for borrowing
mamba 3.653 the scale 5. no evidence for borrowing
matamvua (ya samaki) 3.654 the gill 5. no evidence for borrowing
shavu (la samaki) 3.654 the gill 5. no evidence for borrowing
konokono 3.655 the shell 5. no evidence for borrowing
kombe 3.655 the shell 5. no evidence for borrowing
papa 3.661 the shark 4. very little evidence for borrowing
pomboo 3.662 the porpoise or dolphin 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyangumi 3.663 the whale 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyenga 3.664 the stingray 5. no evidence for borrowing
taa (2) 3.664 the stingray 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkunga 3.665 the freshwater eel 5. no evidence for borrowing
simba 3.72 the lion 4. very little evidence for borrowing
dubu 3.73 the bear 1. clearly borrowed
dubb ( Arabic )
nyani 3.76 the monkey 5. no evidence for borrowing
kima 3.76 the monkey 5. no evidence for borrowing
tumbili 3.76 the monkey 5. no evidence for borrowing
ngedere 3.76 the monkey 3. perhaps borrowed
ndovu 3.77 the elephant 5. no evidence for borrowing
tembo 3.77 the elephant 5. no evidence for borrowing
ngamia 3.78 the camel 1. clearly borrowed
mdudu 3.81 the insect 2. probably borrowed
dūd ( Arabic )
chawa 3.811 the head louse 5. no evidence for borrowing
chawa 3.8112 the body louse 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiroboto 3.813 the flea 5. no evidence for borrowing
tandu 3.814 the centipede 4. very little evidence for borrowing
jongoo 3.814 the centipede 5. no evidence for borrowing
nge 3.815 the scorpion 5. no evidence for borrowing
mende 3.816 the cockroach 5. no evidence for borrowing
chungu (4) 3.817 the ant 5. no evidence for borrowing
siafu 3.817 the ant 5. no evidence for borrowing
sisimizi 3.817 the ant 5. no evidence for borrowing
sungusungu 3.817 the ant 5. no evidence for borrowing
buibui 3.818 the spider 5. no evidence for borrowing
utando (wa buibui) 3.819 the spider web 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyuki 3.82 the bee 5. no evidence for borrowing
nta 3.821 the beeswax 5. no evidence for borrowing
mzinga 3.822 the beehive 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyigu 3.823 the wasp 5. no evidence for borrowing
nzi 3.83 the fly 5. no evidence for borrowing
usubi 3.831 the sandfly or midge or gnat 5. no evidence for borrowing
mbu 3.832 the mosquito 5. no evidence for borrowing
kamba (1) 3.833 the prawns or shrimp 4. very little evidence for borrowing
mchwa 3.834 the termites 5. no evidence for borrowing
kupe 3.835 the tick 5. no evidence for borrowing
mnyoo 3.84 the worm 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyoka 3.85 the snake 5. no evidence for borrowing
sungura 3.863 the hare 5. no evidence for borrowing
kwale 3.865 the quail 5. no evidence for borrowing
tomboo, tomboro 3.865 the quail 5. no evidence for borrowing
kidiri 3.869 the squirrel 3. perhaps borrowed
kindi 3.869 the squirrel 5. no evidence for borrowing
kirukanjia 3.869 the squirrel 5. no evidence for borrowing
kichakuro 3.869 the squirrel 5. no evidence for borrowing
kangaruu 3.88 the kangaroo 1. clearly borrowed
muhanga 3.89 the anteater 1. clearly borrowed
kimulimuli 3.91 the firefly 5. no evidence for borrowing
kinyonga 3.913 the chameleon 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyati 3.917 the buffalo 5. no evidence for borrowing
mbogo 3.917 the buffalo 5. no evidence for borrowing
kipepeo 3.92 the butterfly 5. no evidence for borrowing
panzi 3.93 the grasshopper 5. no evidence for borrowing
konokono 3.94 the snail 5. no evidence for borrowing
koa 3.94 the snail 5. no evidence for borrowing
chura 3.95 the frog 5. no evidence for borrowing
mjusi 3.96 the lizard 5. no evidence for borrowing
mamba 3.97 the crocodile or alligator 5. no evidence for borrowing
kasa 3.98 the turtle 4. very little evidence for borrowing
ng’amba 3.98 the turtle 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwili 4.11 the body 5. no evidence for borrowing
ngozi 4.12 the skin or hide 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyama 4.13 the flesh 5. no evidence for borrowing
nywele 4.14 the hair 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndevu 4.142 the beard 5. no evidence for borrowing
malaika 4.144 the body hair 5. no evidence for borrowing
mavuzi 4.145 the pubic hair 5. no evidence for borrowing
mba 4.146 the dandruff 5. no evidence for borrowing
uyabisi 4.146 the dandruff 1. clearly borrowed
yabs ( Arabic )
damu 4.15 the blood 1. clearly borrowed
dam ( Arabic )
mshipa 4.151 the vein or artery 5. no evidence for borrowing
mfupa 4.16 the bone 5. no evidence for borrowing
ubavu 4.162 the rib 5. no evidence for borrowing
upembe 4.17 the horn 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkia 4.18 the tail 5. no evidence for borrowing
mgongo 4.19 the back 5. no evidence for borrowing
uti (wa mgongo) 4.191 the spine 5. no evidence for borrowing
kichwa 4.2 the head 5. no evidence for borrowing
panda (2) (la uso) 4.201 the temples 5. no evidence for borrowing
bapa la uso 4.201 the temples 5. no evidence for borrowing
fuvu, fuu (la kichwa) 4.202 the skull 5. no evidence for borrowing
bupuru (la kichwa) 4.202 the skull 5. no evidence for borrowing
ubongo, bongo 4.203 the brain 5. no evidence for borrowing
uso 4.204 the face 5. no evidence for borrowing
paji 4.205 the forehead 5. no evidence for borrowing
taya (la chini) 4.207 the jaw 5. no evidence for borrowing
shavu 4.208 the cheek 5. no evidence for borrowing
kidevu 4.209 the chin 5. no evidence for borrowing
jicho 4.21 the eye 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyusi 4.212 the eyebrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
ukope 4.213 the eyelid 5. no evidence for borrowing
ukope 4.214 the eyelash 5. no evidence for borrowing
-pepesa (macho) 4.215 to blink 5. no evidence for borrowing
-kopesa (macho) 4.215 to blink 5. no evidence for borrowing
sikio 4.22 the ear 5. no evidence for borrowing
ndewe 4.221 the earlobe 5. no evidence for borrowing
nta ya sikio 4.222 the earwax 5. no evidence for borrowing
uchafu wa sikio 4.222 the earwax 5. no evidence for borrowing
pua 4.23 the nose 5. no evidence for borrowing
tundu la pua 4.231 the nostril 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwanzi wa pua 4.231 the nostril 5. no evidence for borrowing
kamasi 4.232 the nasal mucus 5. no evidence for borrowing
kinywa 4.24 the mouth 5. no evidence for borrowing
mdomo 4.24 the mouth 5. no evidence for borrowing
mdomo 4.241 the beak 5. no evidence for borrowing
mdomo 4.25 the lip 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulimi 4.26 the tongue 5. no evidence for borrowing
jino 4.27 the tooth 5. no evidence for borrowing
ufizi 4.271 the gums 5. no evidence for borrowing
masine 4.271 the gums 4. very little evidence for borrowing
sinn ( Arabic )
gego 4.272 the molar tooth 5. no evidence for borrowing
shingo 4.28 the neck 5. no evidence for borrowing
kikosi 4.281 the nape of the neck 5. no evidence for borrowing
koo 4.29 the throat 5. no evidence for borrowing
bega 4.3 the shoulder 5. no evidence for borrowing
kombe (la mbega) 4.301 the shoulderblade 5. no evidence for borrowing
mtulinga 4.302 the collarbone 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkono 4.31 the arm 5. no evidence for borrowing
kwapa 4.312 the armpit 5. no evidence for borrowing
kisugudi 4.32 the elbow 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiko (1) 4.32 the elbow 5. no evidence for borrowing
kivi 4.32 the elbow 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiwiko (cha mkono) 4.321 the wrist 5. no evidence for borrowing
kilimbili 4.321 the wrist 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkono 4.33 the hand 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiganja 4.331 the palm of the hand 5. no evidence for borrowing
kidole (cha mkono) 4.34 the finger 5. no evidence for borrowing
(kidole) gumba 4.342 the thumb 5. no evidence for borrowing
ukucha 4.344 the fingernail 5. no evidence for borrowing
ukucha 4.345 the claw 5. no evidence for borrowing
mguu 4.35 the leg 5. no evidence for borrowing
paja 4.351 the thigh 4. very little evidence for borrowing
shavu la mguu 4.352 the calf of the leg 5. no evidence for borrowing
goti 4.36 the knee 4. very little evidence for borrowing
mguu 4.37 the foot 5. no evidence for borrowing
kifundo cha mguu, fundo la mguu 4.371 the ankle 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiwiko cha mguu 4.371 the ankle 5. no evidence for borrowing
kisigino 4.372 the heel 5. no evidence for borrowing
wayo 4.374 the footprint 5. no evidence for borrowing
kidole (cha mguu) 4.38 the toe 5. no evidence for borrowing
bawa 4.392 the wing 5. no evidence for borrowing
unyoya 4.393 the feather 5. no evidence for borrowing
kifua 4.4 the chest 5. no evidence for borrowing
ziwa (2) 4.41 the breast 5. no evidence for borrowing
titi 4.41 the breast 4. very little evidence for borrowing
tadd ( Arabic )
titi 4.412 the nipple or teat 4. very little evidence for borrowing
tadd ( Arabic )
viwele 4.42 the udder 5. no evidence for borrowing
kitovu 4.43 the navel 5. no evidence for borrowing
tumbo 4.431 the belly 5. no evidence for borrowing
moyo 4.44 the heart 5. no evidence for borrowing
mapafu 4.441 the lung 5. no evidence for borrowing
maini 4.45 the liver 5. no evidence for borrowing
figo 4.451 the kidney 5. no evidence for borrowing
wengu 4.452 the spleen 5. no evidence for borrowing
tumbo 4.46 the stomach 5. no evidence for borrowing
utumbo 4.461 the intestines or guts 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiuno 4.462 the waist 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyonga 4.463 the hip 5. no evidence for borrowing
tako 4.464 the buttocks 4. very little evidence for borrowing
ukano 4.465 the sinew or tendon 5. no evidence for borrowing
chupa ya uzazi 4.47 the womb 5. no evidence for borrowing
fuko la uzazi 4.47 the womb 5. no evidence for borrowing
kende 4.49 the testicles 5. no evidence for borrowing
pumbu 4.49 the testicles 5. no evidence for borrowing
mboo 4.492 the penis 5. no evidence for borrowing
dhakari 4.492 the penis 1. clearly borrowed
kuma 4.493 the vagina 3. perhaps borrowed
uke 4.494 the vulva 5. no evidence for borrowing
-pumua 4.51 to breathe 5. no evidence for borrowing
miayo 4.52 to yawn 5. no evidence for borrowing
kwikiwi 4.521 to hiccough 5. no evidence for borrowing
-kohoa 4.53 to cough 5. no evidence for borrowing
chafya 4.54 to sneeze 5. no evidence for borrowing
jasho 4.55 to perspire 4. very little evidence for borrowing
-tema (2) mate 4.56 to spit 5. no evidence for borrowing
-tapika 4.57 to vomit 5. no evidence for borrowing
-uma 4.58 to bite 5. no evidence for borrowing
-lamba, -ramba 4.59 to lick 5. no evidence for borrowing
udenda 4.591 to dribble 5. no evidence for borrowing
-lala 4.61 to sleep 5. no evidence for borrowing
-koroma 4.612 to snore 5. no evidence for borrowing
-ota (ndoto) 4.62 to dream 5. no evidence for borrowing
-amka 4.63 to wake up 5. no evidence for borrowing
-shuta 4.64 to fart 5. no evidence for borrowing
-jamba 4.64 to fart 5. no evidence for borrowing
-kojoa 4.65 to piss 5. no evidence for borrowing
-nya 4.66 to shit 5. no evidence for borrowing
-jamii 4.67 to have sex 1. clearly borrowed
-fanya mapenzi 4.67 to have sex 5. no evidence for borrowing
-tetema 4.68 to shiver 5. no evidence for borrowing
-oga 4.69 to bathe 5. no evidence for borrowing
-zaa 4.71 to beget 5. no evidence for borrowing
-zaliwa 4.72 to be born 5. no evidence for borrowing
mimba 4.73 pregnant 5. no evidence for borrowing
mjamzito 4.73 pregnant 5. no evidence for borrowing
-tunga mimba 4.732 to conceive 5. no evidence for borrowing
-pata mimba 4.732 to conceive 5. no evidence for borrowing
hai 4.74 to be alive 1. clearly borrowed
maisha 4.741 the life 1. clearly borrowed
-fa 4.75 to die 5. no evidence for borrowing
-fa 4.7501 dead 5. no evidence for borrowing
-fa maji 4.751 to drown 5. no evidence for borrowing
-ua 4.76 to kill 5. no evidence for borrowing
maiti 4.77 the corpse 1. clearly borrowed
mzoga 4.771 the carcass 5. no evidence for borrowing
-zika 4.78 to bury 5. no evidence for borrowing
kaburi 4.79 the grave 1. clearly borrowed
nguvu 4.81 strong 5. no evidence for borrowing
dhaifu 4.82 weak 1. clearly borrowed
mnyonge 4.82 weak 5. no evidence for borrowing
afya 4.83 healthy 1. clearly borrowed
-zima (2) 4.83 healthy 5. no evidence for borrowing
mgonjwa 4.84 sick/ill 5. no evidence for borrowing
homa 4.841 the fever 1. clearly borrowed
kororo (la shingo) 4.842 the goitre/goiter 5. no evidence for borrowing
mafua 4.843 the cold 5. no evidence for borrowing
ugonjwa 4.844 the disease 5. no evidence for borrowing
maradhi 4.844 the disease 1. clearly borrowed
kidonda 4.85 the wound or sore 5. no evidence for borrowing
chubuko 4.852 the bruise 5. no evidence for borrowing
uvimbe 4.853 the swelling 5. no evidence for borrowing
mnyeo 4.854 the itch 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwasho 4.854 the itch 5. no evidence for borrowing
-kuna 4.8541 to scratch 5. no evidence for borrowing
lengelenge 4.855 the blister 5. no evidence for borrowing
jipu 4.856 the boil 5. no evidence for borrowing
usaha 4.857 the pus 1. clearly borrowed
kovu 4.858 the scar 5. no evidence for borrowing
-ponya 4.86 to cure 5. no evidence for borrowing
mganga 4.87 the physician 5. no evidence for borrowing
daktari 4.87 the physician 1. clearly borrowed
dawa 4.88 the medicine 1. clearly borrowed
tiba 4.88 the medicine 1. clearly borrowed
sumu 4.89 the poison 1. clearly borrowed
samm ( Arabic )
-choka 4.91 tired 5. no evidence for borrowing
-pumzika 4.912 to rest 5. no evidence for borrowing
-vivu 4.92 lazy 5. no evidence for borrowing
upara 4.93 bald 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiwete 4.94 lame 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiziwi 4.95 deaf 5. no evidence for borrowing
bubu 4.96 mute 5. no evidence for borrowing
kipofu 4.97 blind 5. no evidence for borrowing
-lewa 4.98 drunk 5. no evidence for borrowing
uchi 4.99 naked 5. no evidence for borrowing
-la 5.11 to eat 5. no evidence for borrowing
chakula 5.12 the food 5. no evidence for borrowing
-bivu 5.121 cooked 5. no evidence for borrowing
-bichi 5.122 raw 5. no evidence for borrowing
-bivu 5.123 ripe 5. no evidence for borrowing
-bichi 5.124 unripe 5. no evidence for borrowing
-bovu 5.125 rotten 5. no evidence for borrowing
-nywa 5.13 to drink 5. no evidence for borrowing
njaa 5.14 to be hungry 4. very little evidence for borrowing
njaa 5.141 the famine 4. very little evidence for borrowing
kiu 5.15 to be thirsty 5. no evidence for borrowing
-amwa 5.16 to suck 5. no evidence for borrowing
-nyonya 5.16 to suck 5. no evidence for borrowing
-tafuna 5.18 to chew 5. no evidence for borrowing
-meza 5.181 to swallow 5. no evidence for borrowing
-kaba 5.19 to choke 3. perhaps borrowed
-zuia pumzi 5.19 to choke 5. no evidence for borrowing
-katia pumzi 5.19 to choke 5. no evidence for borrowing
-pika 5.21 to cook 5. no evidence for borrowing
-chemka 5.22 to boil 5. no evidence for borrowing
-kaanga 5.23 to roast or fry 5. no evidence for borrowing
-choma 5.23 to roast or fry 5. no evidence for borrowing
-oka 5.24 to bake 5. no evidence for borrowing
oveni 5.25 the oven 1. clearly borrowed
kiokeo 5.25 the oven 5. no evidence for borrowing
chungu (1) 5.26 the pot 4. very little evidence for borrowing
sufuria 5.26 the pot 1. clearly borrowed
birika 5.27 the kettle 2. probably borrowed
kikaango 5.28 the pan 5. no evidence for borrowing
bakuli 5.31 the dish 1. clearly borrowed
sahani 5.32 the plate 1. clearly borrowed
tasa 5.33 the bowl 1. clearly borrowed
gudulia 5.34 the jug/pitcher 1. clearly borrowed
jagi 5.34 the jug/pitcher 1. clearly borrowed
jug ( English )
kikombe 5.35 the cup 5. no evidence for borrowing
kisahani 5.36 the saucer 5. no evidence for borrowing
kijiko 5.37 the spoon 5. no evidence for borrowing
kisu 5.38 the knife(1) 4. very little evidence for borrowing
uma 5.39 the fork 5. no evidence for borrowing
koleo 5.391 the tongs 5. no evidence for borrowing
chakula 5.41 the meal 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiamshakinywa, chamshakinywa 5.42 the breakfast 5. no evidence for borrowing
chakula cha asubuhi 5.42 the breakfast 5. no evidence for borrowing
chakula cha mchana 5.43 the lunch 5. no evidence for borrowing
chakula cha jioni 5.44 the dinner 5. no evidence for borrowing
chakula cha usiku 5.45 the supper 5. no evidence for borrowing
-menya 5.46 to peel 5. no evidence for borrowing
-chuja 5.47 to sieve or to strain 5. no evidence for borrowing
-chekecha 5.47 to sieve or to strain 5. no evidence for borrowing
-paa, -para 5.48 to scrape 5. no evidence for borrowing
-kwangua, -kwangura 5.48 to scrape 5. no evidence for borrowing
-changanya 5.49 to stir or to mix 5. no evidence for borrowing
-koroga 5.49 to stir or to mix 5. no evidence for borrowing
-vuruga 5.49 to stir or to mix 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkate 5.51 the bread 5. no evidence for borrowing
kinyunya 5.53 the dough 5. no evidence for borrowing
-kanda 5.54 to knead 5. no evidence for borrowing
unga 5.55 the flour 5. no evidence for borrowing
-saga 5.56 to crush or to grind 5. no evidence for borrowing
-ponda 5.56 to crush or to grind 5. no evidence for borrowing
-twanga 5.56 to crush or to grind 5. no evidence for borrowing
kinu 5.57 the mill 5. no evidence for borrowing
kinu 5.58 the mortar(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mchi 5.59 the pestle 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyama 5.61 the meat 5. no evidence for borrowing
soseji 5.63 the sausage 1. clearly borrowed
supu 5.64 the soup 1. clearly borrowed
mboga 5.65 the vegetables 5. no evidence for borrowing
haragwe 5.66 the bean 3. perhaps borrowed
kiazi 5.7 the potato 2. probably borrowed
mbatata 5.7 the potato 1. clearly borrowed
tunda 5.71 the fruit 5. no evidence for borrowing
kicha 5.712 the bunch 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkungu (wa ndizi) 5.712 the bunch 5. no evidence for borrowing
tini 5.75 the fig 1. clearly borrowed
tīn ( Arabic )
zabibu 5.76 the grape 1. clearly borrowed
lozi 5.77 the nut 1. clearly borrowed
lauz ( Arabic )
korosho 5.77 the nut 2. probably borrowed
karanga 5.77 the nut 5. no evidence for borrowing
njugu 5.77 the nut 5. no evidence for borrowing
njugu mawe 5.77 the nut 5. no evidence for borrowing
kungu manga 5.77 the nut 5. no evidence for borrowing
kungu 5.77 the nut 5. no evidence for borrowing
popoo 5.77 the nut 2. probably borrowed
chikichi 5.77 the nut 5. no evidence for borrowing
zeituni 5.78 the olive 1. clearly borrowed
mafuta 5.79 the oil 5. no evidence for borrowing
mafuta 5.791 the grease or fat 5. no evidence for borrowing
chumvi 5.81 the salt 5. no evidence for borrowing
pilipili manga 5.82 the pepper 5. no evidence for borrowing
pilipili 5.821 the chili pepper 1. clearly borrowed
pilipili hoho 5.821 the chili pepper 5. no evidence for borrowing
asali 5.84 the honey 1. clearly borrowed
sukari 5.85 the sugar 1. clearly borrowed
maziwa 5.86 the milk 2. probably borrowed
-kama 5.87 to milk 5. no evidence for borrowing
jibini 5.88 the cheese 1. clearly borrowed
chizi 5.88 the cheese 1. clearly borrowed
siagi 5.89 the butter 2. probably borrowed
kinywaji 5.9 the drink 5. no evidence for borrowing
kangara 5.91 the mead 1. clearly borrowed
divai 5.92 the wine 1. clearly borrowed
< du vin ( French )
mvinyo 5.92 the wine 1. clearly borrowed
pombe 5.93 the beer 5. no evidence for borrowing
bia 5.93 the beer 1. clearly borrowed
kileo 5.94 the fermented drink 5. no evidence for borrowing
yai 5.97 the egg 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiini cha yai 5.971 the yolk 5. no evidence for borrowing
-vaa 6.11 to put on 5. no evidence for borrowing
nguo 6.12 the clothing or clothes 5. no evidence for borrowing
mavazi 6.12 the clothing or clothes 5. no evidence for borrowing
mshonaji 6.13 the tailor 5. no evidence for borrowing
nguo 6.21 the cloth 5. no evidence for borrowing
kitambaa 6.21 the cloth 5. no evidence for borrowing
sufu 6.22 the wool 1. clearly borrowed
unyoya 6.22 the wool 5. no evidence for borrowing
kitani 6.23 the linen 1. clearly borrowed
pamba 6.24 the cotton 1. clearly borrowed
hariri 6.25 the silk 1. clearly borrowed
kitambaa gandamizo 6.27 the felt 5. no evidence for borrowing
unyoya 6.28 the fur 5. no evidence for borrowing
ngozi 6.29 the leather 5. no evidence for borrowing
-sokota nyuzi 6.31 to spin 5. no evidence for borrowing
pia 6.32 the spindle 5. no evidence for borrowing
-fuma 6.33 to weave 5. no evidence for borrowing
kitanda cha mfumi 6.34 the loom 5. no evidence for borrowing
-shona 6.35 to sew 5. no evidence for borrowing
sindano 6.36 the needle(1) 3. perhaps borrowed
maharazi 6.37 the awl 1. clearly borrowed
uzi 6.38 the thread 5. no evidence for borrowing
-tia rangi 6.39 to dye 5. no evidence for borrowing
joho 6.41 the cloak 1. clearly borrowed
gauni 6.42 the (woman's) dress 1. clearly borrowed
kanzu 6.42 the (woman's) dress 3. perhaps borrowed
koti 6.43 the coat 1. clearly borrowed
shati 6.44 the shirt 1. clearly borrowed
kimau 6.44 the shirt 1. clearly borrowed
ukosi 6.45 the collar 5. no evidence for borrowing
kola 6.45 the collar 1. clearly borrowed
sketi 6.46 the skirt 1. clearly borrowed
suruali 6.48 the trousers 1. clearly borrowed
soksi 6.49 the sock or stocking 1. clearly borrowed
kiatu 6.51 the shoe 5. no evidence for borrowing
buti 6.52 the boot 1. clearly borrowed
mshona viatu 6.54 the shoemaker 5. no evidence for borrowing
kofia 6.55 the hat or cap 1. clearly borrowed
chepeo 6.55 the hat or cap 1. clearly borrowed
mkanda, ukanda 6.57 the belt 5. no evidence for borrowing
glavu, glovu 6.58 the glove 1. clearly borrowed
shela 6.59 the veil 1. clearly borrowed
sitara, stara 6.59 the veil 1. clearly borrowed
barakoa 6.59 the veil 1. clearly borrowed
ukaya 6.59 the veil 5. no evidence for borrowing
buibui 6.59 the veil 5. no evidence for borrowing
mfuko 6.61 the pocket 5. no evidence for borrowing
kifungo 6.62 the button 5. no evidence for borrowing
pini 6.63 the pin 1. clearly borrowed
pin ( English )
pambo 6.71 the ornament or adornment 5. no evidence for borrowing
urembo 6.71 the ornament or adornment 5. no evidence for borrowing
kito 6.72 the jewel 5. no evidence for borrowing
pete 6.73 the ring 5. no evidence for borrowing
bangili, bangiri 6.74 the bracelet 1. clearly borrowed
mkufu 6.75 the necklace 5. no evidence for borrowing
ushanga 6.76 the bead 5. no evidence for borrowing
hereni, herini 6.77 the earring 2. probably borrowed
kipuli 6.77 the earring 5. no evidence for borrowing
kilemba 6.78 the headband or headdress 5. no evidence for borrowing
dusumali 6.78 the headband or headdress 1. clearly borrowed
chale 6.79 the tattoo 5. no evidence for borrowing
chanjo 6.79 the tattoo 5. no evidence for borrowing
leso 6.81 the handkerchief or rag 1. clearly borrowed
taulo 6.82 the towel 1. clearly borrowed
kitana 6.91 the comb 5. no evidence for borrowing
chanuo 6.91 the comb 5. no evidence for borrowing
burashi, brashi 6.92 the brush 1. clearly borrowed
msuko 6.921 the plait/braid 5. no evidence for borrowing
msongo 6.921 the plait/braid 5. no evidence for borrowing
wembe 6.93 the razor 5. no evidence for borrowing
dawa ya kupaka 6.94 the ointment 5. no evidence for borrowing
sabuni 6.95 the soap 1. clearly borrowed
kioo 6.96 the mirror 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiatu cha theluji 6.98 the snowshoe 5. no evidence for borrowing
skii 6.98 the snowshoe 1. clearly borrowed
ski ( English )
-kaa 7.11 to live 5. no evidence for borrowing
-ishi 7.11 to live 1. clearly borrowed
nyumba 7.12 the house 5. no evidence for borrowing
kibanda 7.13 the hut 5. no evidence for borrowing
hema 7.14 the tent 1. clearly borrowed
ua (1) 7.15 the yard or court 5. no evidence for borrowing
jiko 7.17 the cookhouse 5. no evidence for borrowing
chumba 7.21 the room 5. no evidence for borrowing
mlango 7.22 the door or gate 5. no evidence for borrowing
mhimili (wa mlango) 7.221 the doorpost 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwimo 7.221 the doorpost 5. no evidence for borrowing
kitasa 7.23 the lock 5. no evidence for borrowing
komeo 7.231 the latch or door-bolt 5. no evidence for borrowing
kufuli 7.232 the padlock 1. clearly borrowed
qufl ( Arabic )
ufunguo 7.24 the key 5. no evidence for borrowing
dirisha 7.25 the window 1. clearly borrowed
sakafu 7.26 the floor 1. clearly borrowed
saqf ( Arabic )
ukuta 7.27 the wall 5. no evidence for borrowing
jiko 7.31 the fireplace 5. no evidence for borrowing
jiko 7.32 the stove 5. no evidence for borrowing
stovu 7.32 the stove 1. clearly borrowed
dohani 7.33 the chimney 1. clearly borrowed
ngazi 7.37 the ladder 5. no evidence for borrowing
kitanda 7.42 the bed 5. no evidence for borrowing
mto (2) 7.421 the pillow 5. no evidence for borrowing
blangeti, blanketi 7.422 the blanket 1. clearly borrowed
kiti 7.43 the chair 5. no evidence for borrowing
meza 7.44 the table 1. clearly borrowed
mez ( Persian )
taa (1) 7.45 the lamp or torch 2. probably borrowed
mshumaa 7.46 the candle 1. clearly borrowed
rafu 7.47 the shelf 1. clearly borrowed
raff ( Arabic )
hori 7.48 the trough 1. clearly borrowed
paa 7.51 the roof 5. no evidence for borrowing
maezeko 7.52 the thatch 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwamba (2) 7.53 the ridgepole 5. no evidence for borrowing
pau, pao 7.54 the rafter 1. clearly borrowed
kombamoyo 7.54 the rafter 5. no evidence for borrowing
boriti 7.55 the beam 3. perhaps borrowed
nguzo 7.56 the post or pole 5. no evidence for borrowing
mhimili 7.56 the post or pole 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwimo 7.56 the post or pole 5. no evidence for borrowing
ubao 7.57 the board 4. very little evidence for borrowing
tao 7.58 the arch 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwashi 7.61 the mason 5. no evidence for borrowing
tofali 7.62 the brick 1. clearly borrowed
mota (2) 7.63 the mortar(2) 1. clearly borrowed
chokaa 7.63 the mortar(2) 4. very little evidence for borrowing
kambi 7.65 the camp 1. clearly borrowed
kanb ( Arabic )
ago 7.65 the camp 5. no evidence for borrowing
kitanda cha bembea 7.66 the hammock 5. no evidence for borrowing
mkulima 8.11 the farmer 5. no evidence for borrowing
shamba 8.12 the field 4. very little evidence for borrowing
bustani 8.13 the garden 1. clearly borrowed
-lima 8.15 to cultivate 5. no evidence for borrowing
ua (1) 8.16 the fence 5. no evidence for borrowing
mfereji 8.17 the ditch 1. clearly borrowed
plau 8.21 to plough/plow 1. clearly borrowed
mfuo 8.212 the furrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
-chimba 8.22 to dig 5. no evidence for borrowing
sepetu, sepeto 8.23 the spade 2. probably borrowed
beleshi 8.23 the spade 3. perhaps borrowed
koleo 8.24 the shovel 5. no evidence for borrowing
beleshi 8.24 the shovel 3. perhaps borrowed
shepe 8.24 the shovel 2. probably borrowed
sepetu, sepeto 8.24 the shovel 2. probably borrowed
jembe 8.25 the hoe 5. no evidence for borrowing
uma 8.26 the fork(2)/pitchfork 5. no evidence for borrowing
reki 8.27 the rake 1. clearly borrowed
-sia 8.31 to sow 5. no evidence for borrowing
-panda (1) 8.31 to sow 5. no evidence for borrowing
mbegu 8.311 the seed 5. no evidence for borrowing
-fyeka 8.32 to mow 5. no evidence for borrowing
mundu 8.33 the sickle or scythe 5. no evidence for borrowing
-puta 8.34 to thresh 5. no evidence for borrowing
uga (wa kupuria nafaka) 8.35 the threshing-floor 5. no evidence for borrowing
mavuno 8.41 the harvest 5. no evidence for borrowing
nafaka 8.42 the grain 1. clearly borrowed
ngano 8.43 the wheat 3. perhaps borrowed
shayiri 8.44 the barley 1. clearly borrowed
mahindi 8.47 the maize/corn 5. no evidence for borrowing
muhindi 8.47 the maize/corn 5. no evidence for borrowing
wali 8.48 the rice 2. probably borrowed
mchele 8.48 the rice 5. no evidence for borrowing
mpunga 8.48 the rice 5. no evidence for borrowing
jani 8.51 the grass 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyasi 8.51 the grass 5. no evidence for borrowing
mmea 8.53 the plant 5. no evidence for borrowing
-panda (1) 8.531 to plant 5. no evidence for borrowing
mzizi 8.54 the root 5. no evidence for borrowing
tawi 8.55 the branch 5. no evidence for borrowing
jani 8.56 the leaf 5. no evidence for borrowing
ua (2) 8.57 the flower 5. no evidence for borrowing
mti 8.6 the tree 5. no evidence for borrowing
muoki 8.61 the oak 1. clearly borrowed
oak ( English )
mbetula 8.63 the birch 1. clearly borrowed
msonobari 8.64 the pine 5. no evidence for borrowing
msonobari 8.65 the fir 5. no evidence for borrowing
mzabibu 8.67 the vine 5. no evidence for borrowing
tumbaku 8.68 the tobacco 1. clearly borrowed
-vuta (sigara) 8.69 to smoke 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiko (2) 8.691 the pipe 5. no evidence for borrowing
kisiki 8.72 the tree stump 5. no evidence for borrowing
shina 8.73 the tree trunk 5. no evidence for borrowing
panda (1) 8.74 the forked branch 5. no evidence for borrowing
gome 8.75 the bark 5. no evidence for borrowing
utomvu 8.76 the sap 5. no evidence for borrowing
mnazi 8.81 the palm tree 5. no evidence for borrowing
mtende 8.81 the palm tree 5. no evidence for borrowing
mchikichi 8.81 the palm tree 5. no evidence for borrowing
muwaa 8.81 the palm tree 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwale 8.81 the palm tree 5. no evidence for borrowing
nazi 8.82 the coconut 4. very little evidence for borrowing
dafu 8.82 the coconut 3. perhaps borrowed
chungwa 8.83 the citrus fruit 4. very little evidence for borrowing
limau 8.83 the citrus fruit 1. clearly borrowed
ndimu 8.83 the citrus fruit 1. clearly borrowed
chenza 8.83 the citrus fruit 2. probably borrowed
balungi 8.83 the citrus fruit 1. clearly borrowed
ndizi 8.84 the banana 4. very little evidence for borrowing
mauz ( Arabic )
mlandawa 8.85 the banyan 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiazi 8.91 the sweet potato 2. probably borrowed
kiazi kitamu 8.91 the sweet potato 5. no evidence for borrowing
mtama 8.911 the millet or sorghum 3. perhaps borrowed
wimbi (2) 8.911 the millet or sorghum 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulezi 8.911 the millet or sorghum 5. no evidence for borrowing
uwele 8.911 the millet or sorghum 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiazi kikuu 8.912 the yam 5. no evidence for borrowing
muhogo 8.92 the cassava/manioc 2. probably borrowed
mung’unye, mumunya 8.93 the gourd 5. no evidence for borrowing
bodwe 8.93 the gourd 5. no evidence for borrowing
kibuyu 8.93 the gourd 5. no evidence for borrowing
mboko 8.93 the gourd 5. no evidence for borrowing
boga 8.931 the pumpkin or squash 5. no evidence for borrowing
mwanzi 8.94 the bamboo 4. very little evidence for borrowing
muwa 8.941 the sugar cane 4. very little evidence for borrowing
utupa 8.96 the fish poison 5. no evidence for borrowing
uyoga 8.98 the mushroom 5. no evidence for borrowing
jani 8.993 the needle(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
sonobari 8.996 the cone 1. clearly borrowed
-fanya 9.11 to do 5. no evidence for borrowing
-tenda 9.11 to do 5. no evidence for borrowing
-fanya 9.111 to make 5. no evidence for borrowing
-tengeneza 9.111 to make 5. no evidence for borrowing
kazi 9.12 the work 3. perhaps borrowed
kadd ( Arabic )
-pinda 9.14 to bend 5. no evidence for borrowing
-kunja 9.15 to fold 5. no evidence for borrowing
-funga 9.16 to tie 5. no evidence for borrowing