Old High German Vocabulary

by Roland Schuhmann

The vocabulary contains 1258 meaning-word pairs from the recipient language Old High German . The corresponding text chapter was published in the book "Loanwords in the World's Languages". The language page Old High German contains a list of all loanwords arranged by donor languoid.

The word is given in the usual orthography or transcription, and in the usual citation form.

Click on a word to get even more information than is shown in this table.

The Loanword Typology code is the identifier of the Loanword Typology meaning. Sorting by LWT Code sorts the words thematically by semantic field.
This column shows the labels of the Loanword Typology meanings. By clicking on a meaning label, you get more information about the meaning, as well as a list of all words that are counterparts of that meaning.

There are five borrowed statuses, reflecting decreasing likelihood that the word is a loanword:

  1. clearly borrowed
  2. probably borrowed
  3. perhaps borrowed
  4. very little evidence for borrowing
  5. no evidence for borrowing
This is the time period during which the word is hypothesized to have come into the language as a loanword, or during which it is first attested, or for which it can be reconstructed.
This gives the usual written form for languages that do not use the Latin script.
For (possible) loanwords, this column shows the words in the source languages that served as models.
Word LWT Code Meaning Borrowed Status Source Words
[help] [help] [help] [help] [help]
weralt 1.1 the world 5. no evidence for borrowing
lant 1.21 the land 5. no evidence for borrowing
bodam 1.212 the soil 5. no evidence for borrowing
stoub 1.213 the dust 5. no evidence for borrowing
sant 1.215 the sand 5. no evidence for borrowing
berg 1.22 the mountain or hill 5. no evidence for borrowing
kleb 1.222 the cliff or precipice 5. no evidence for borrowing
ebanî 1.23 the plain 5. no evidence for borrowing
tal 1.24 the valley 5. no evidence for borrowing
isila 1.25 the island 1. clearly borrowed
holî 1.28 the cave 5. no evidence for borrowing
wazzar 1.31 the water 5. no evidence for borrowing
meri 1.32 the sea 5. no evidence for borrowing
stilli 1.322 calm 5. no evidence for borrowing
rûh 1.323 rough(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
scûm 1.324 the foam 5. no evidence for borrowing
sêo 1.33 the lake 5. no evidence for borrowing
wella 1.35 the wave 5. no evidence for borrowing
gizît 1.352 the tide 5. no evidence for borrowing
ebbunga 1.353 the low tide 5. no evidence for borrowing
fluot 1.354 the high tide 5. no evidence for borrowing
fluz 1.36 the river or stream 5. no evidence for borrowing
sunft 1.38 the swamp 5. no evidence for borrowing
wald 1.41 the woods or forest 5. no evidence for borrowing
holz 1.43 the wood 5. no evidence for borrowing
stein 1.44 the stone or rock 5. no evidence for borrowing
himil 1.51 the sky 5. no evidence for borrowing
sunna 1.52 the sun 5. no evidence for borrowing
mâno 1.53 the moon 5. no evidence for borrowing
sterro 1.54 the star 5. no evidence for borrowing
blic 1.55 the lightning 5. no evidence for borrowing
sturm 1.58 the storm 5. no evidence for borrowing
reganbogo 1.59 the rainbow 5. no evidence for borrowing
lioht (1) 1.61 the light 5. no evidence for borrowing
finstarnessi 1.62 the darkness 5. no evidence for borrowing
scato 1.63 the shade or shadow 5. no evidence for borrowing
tou 1.64 the dew 5. no evidence for borrowing
luft 1.71 the air 5. no evidence for borrowing
wint 1.72 the wind 5. no evidence for borrowing
wolka(n), wolko 1.73 the cloud 5. no evidence for borrowing
nebul 1.74 the fog 5. no evidence for borrowing
regan 1.75 the rain 4. very little evidence for borrowing
snêo 1.76 the snow 5. no evidence for borrowing
îs 1.77 the ice 5. no evidence for borrowing
gifriosan 1.775 to freeze 5. no evidence for borrowing
wetar 1.78 the weather 5. no evidence for borrowing
fiur 1.81 the fire 5. no evidence for borrowing
flamma 1.82 the flame 1. clearly borrowed
rouh 1.83 the smoke 5. no evidence for borrowing
dampf 1.831 the steam 5. no evidence for borrowing
asca 1.84 the ash 5. no evidence for borrowing
gluot 1.841 the embers 5. no evidence for borrowing
brennen 1.851 to burn(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
brinnan 1.852 to burn(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
zunten 1.86 to light 5. no evidence for borrowing
lesken 1.861 to extinguish 5. no evidence for borrowing
zunt(a)ra 1.87 the match 5. no evidence for borrowing
kol(o) 1.89 the charcoal 5. no evidence for borrowing
mennisco 2.1 the person 5. no evidence for borrowing
man 2.21 the man 5. no evidence for borrowing
wîb 2.22 the woman 5. no evidence for borrowing
man(a)lîh 2.23 male(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
wîblîh 2.24 female(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
knab(b)o 2.25 the boy 5. no evidence for borrowing
jungeling 2.251 the young man 5. no evidence for borrowing
thiorna 2.26 the girl 5. no evidence for borrowing
jungfrouwa 2.261 the young woman 5. no evidence for borrowing
barn 2.27 the child(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
kindilîn 2.28 the baby 5. no evidence for borrowing
gomman 2.31 the husband 5. no evidence for borrowing
kwena 2.32 the wife 5. no evidence for borrowing
hîwen 2.33 to marry 5. no evidence for borrowing
brûtlouft 2.34 the wedding 5. no evidence for borrowing
firtrîbunga 2.341 the divorce 5. no evidence for borrowing
fater 2.35 the father 5. no evidence for borrowing
muoter 2.36 the mother 5. no evidence for borrowing
altiron, eldiron 2.37 the parents 5. no evidence for borrowing
hî(w)o 2.38 the married man 5. no evidence for borrowing
hî(w)a 2.39 the married woman 5. no evidence for borrowing
sun 2.41 the son 5. no evidence for borrowing
tohter 2.42 the daughter 5. no evidence for borrowing
kind 2.43 the child(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
bruoder 2.44 the brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
swester 2.45 the sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
zwiniling 2.458 the twins 5. no evidence for borrowing
ano 2.46 the grandfather 5. no evidence for borrowing
ana 2.47 the grandmother 5. no evidence for borrowing
enkilîn 2.48 the grandson 5. no evidence for borrowing
nift(ila) 2.49 the granddaughter 5. no evidence for borrowing
enkilîn 2.5 the grandchild 5. no evidence for borrowing
ôheim 2.511 the mother's brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
fetiro 2.512 the father's brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
muoma 2.521 the mother's sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
basa 2.522 the father's sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
nefo 2.53 the nephew 5. no evidence for borrowing
nift(a), niftila 2.54 the niece 5. no evidence for borrowing
fordaro 2.56 the ancestors 5. no evidence for borrowing
kind 2.57 the descendants 5. no evidence for borrowing
swehur 2.61 the father-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
swehur 2.611 the father-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
swigar 2.62 the mother-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
swigar 2.621 the mother-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
eidum 2.63 the son-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
eidum 2.631 the son-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
snora 2.64 the daughter-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
snora 2.641 the daughter-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
stioffater 2.71 the stepfather 5. no evidence for borrowing
stiofmuoter 2.72 the stepmother 5. no evidence for borrowing
stiofsunu 2.73 the stepson 5. no evidence for borrowing
stioftohter 2.74 the stepdaughter 5. no evidence for borrowing
weiso 2.75 the orphan 5. no evidence for borrowing
wituwa 2.76 the widow 5. no evidence for borrowing
wituwo 2.77 the widower 5. no evidence for borrowing
nâhisto 2.81 the relatives 5. no evidence for borrowing
hîwiski 2.82 the family 5. no evidence for borrowing
ih 2.91 I 5. no evidence for borrowing
dû 2.92 you (singular) 5. no evidence for borrowing
er/siu/iz 2.93 he/she/it 5. no evidence for borrowing
ir, er 2.931 he 5. no evidence for borrowing
si 2.932 she 5. no evidence for borrowing
iz, ez 2.933 it 5. no evidence for borrowing
wir 2.94 we 5. no evidence for borrowing
ir 2.95 you (plural) 5. no evidence for borrowing
sie/sio/siu 2.96 they 5. no evidence for borrowing
tior 3.11 the animal 5. no evidence for borrowing
fihu 3.15 the livestock 5. no evidence for borrowing
weida 3.16 the pasture 5. no evidence for borrowing
hirti 3.18 the herdsman 5. no evidence for borrowing
stal 3.19 the stable or stall 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)rind 3.2 the cattle 5. no evidence for borrowing
stior 3.21 the bull 5. no evidence for borrowing
ohso 3.22 the ox 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuo 3.23 the cow 5. no evidence for borrowing
kalb 3.24 the calf 5. no evidence for borrowing
scâf 3.25 the sheep 4. very little evidence for borrowing
widar 3.26 the ram 5. no evidence for borrowing
ou 3.28 the ewe 5. no evidence for borrowing
lamb 3.29 the lamb 5. no evidence for borrowing
ebur 3.32 the boar 5. no evidence for borrowing
sû 3.34 the sow 5. no evidence for borrowing
far(a)h 3.35 the pig 5. no evidence for borrowing
geiz 3.36 the goat 4. very little evidence for borrowing
boc, buc 3.37 the he-goat 5. no evidence for borrowing
zickîn 3.38 the kid 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)ros 3.41 the horse 5. no evidence for borrowing
hengist 3.42 the stallion 5. no evidence for borrowing
meriha 3.44 the mare 5. no evidence for borrowing
folo 3.45 the foal or colt 5. no evidence for borrowing
esil 3.46 the donkey 1. clearly borrowed
mûl 3.47 the mule 1. clearly borrowed
gifugili 3.5 the fowl 5. no evidence for borrowing
hano 3.52 the cock/rooster 5. no evidence for borrowing
henna 3.54 the hen 5. no evidence for borrowing
huon 3.55 the chicken 5. no evidence for borrowing
gans 3.56 the goose 5. no evidence for borrowing
anut 3.57 the duck 5. no evidence for borrowing
nest 3.58 the nest 5. no evidence for borrowing
fogal, fugal 3.581 the bird 5. no evidence for borrowing
reigaro, heigaro 3.583 the heron 5. no evidence for borrowing
aro, arn 3.584 the eagle 5. no evidence for borrowing
habuh 3.585 the hawk 5. no evidence for borrowing
gîr 3.586 the vulture 5. no evidence for borrowing
fledarmûs 3.591 the bat 5. no evidence for borrowing
sitih 3.592 the parrot 1. clearly borrowed
krâ(h/j/w)a 3.593 the crow 5. no evidence for borrowing
tûba 3.594 the dove 5. no evidence for borrowing
ûwila 3.596 the owl 5. no evidence for borrowing
skarbo 3.597 the cormorant 5. no evidence for borrowing
hunt 3.61 the dog 5. no evidence for borrowing
lôrihhîn 3.614 the rabbit 5. no evidence for borrowing
kazza, kazzo 3.62 the cat 3. perhaps borrowed
mûs 3.63 the mouse or rat 5. no evidence for borrowing
fisc 3.65 the fish 5. no evidence for borrowing
flozza 3.652 the fin 5. no evidence for borrowing
scuob(b)a 3.653 the scale 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiuwa 3.654 the gill 5. no evidence for borrowing
muscula 3.655 the shell 1. clearly borrowed
(h)wal 3.663 the whale 5. no evidence for borrowing
âl 3.665 the freshwater eel 5. no evidence for borrowing
wolf 3.71 the wolf 5. no evidence for borrowing
lêo 3.72 the lion 1. clearly borrowed
leō ( Latin )
< leōn ( Greek )
bero 3.73 the bear 5. no evidence for borrowing
foha 3.74 the fox 5. no evidence for borrowing
hir(u)z 3.75 the deer 5. no evidence for borrowing
affo 3.76 the monkey 2. probably borrowed
helfant 3.77 the elephant 1. clearly borrowed
olbenta 3.78 the camel 1. clearly borrowed
kevar 3.81 the insect 5. no evidence for borrowing
lûs 3.811 the head louse 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)niz 3.812 the nit 5. no evidence for borrowing
flôh 3.813 the flea 5. no evidence for borrowing
scorp(i)o 3.815 the scorpion 1. clearly borrowed
scabo 3.816 the cockroach 5. no evidence for borrowing
ameiza 3.817 the ant 5. no evidence for borrowing
spinna 3.818 the spider 5. no evidence for borrowing
spinnawebbi 3.819 the spider web 5. no evidence for borrowing
bini, bîa 3.82 the bee 5. no evidence for borrowing
wîzwahs 3.821 the beeswax 5. no evidence for borrowing
bîkar, binikar 3.822 the beehive 5. no evidence for borrowing
wefsa 3.823 the wasp 5. no evidence for borrowing
flioga 3.83 the fly 5. no evidence for borrowing
mugga, mukka 3.831 the sandfly or midge or gnat 5. no evidence for borrowing
zecko 3.835 the tick 5. no evidence for borrowing
wurm 3.84 the worm 5. no evidence for borrowing
slango 3.85 the snake 5. no evidence for borrowing
haso 3.863 the hare 5. no evidence for borrowing
wahtala 3.865 the quail 5. no evidence for borrowing
eihhurno 3.869 the squirrel 5. no evidence for borrowing
elahho 3.872 the elk/moose 5. no evidence for borrowing
bibar 3.873 the beaver 5. no evidence for borrowing
gleim(o), glîmo 3.91 the firefly 5. no evidence for borrowing
fîfalt(a)ra 3.92 the butterfly 5. no evidence for borrowing
hewiskrekko 3.93 the grasshopper 5. no evidence for borrowing
sneggo 3.94 the snail 5. no evidence for borrowing
frosc 3.95 the frog 5. no evidence for borrowing
egidehsa, ewidehsa 3.96 the lizard 5. no evidence for borrowing
nihhus 3.97 the crocodile or alligator 5. no evidence for borrowing
skertifedara 3.98 the turtle 5. no evidence for borrowing
lîh 4.11 the body 5. no evidence for borrowing
hût 4.12 the skin or hide 5. no evidence for borrowing
fleisc 4.13 the flesh 5. no evidence for borrowing
hâr 4.14 the hair 5. no evidence for borrowing
bart 4.142 the beard 5. no evidence for borrowing
lîhhâr 4.144 the body hair 5. no evidence for borrowing
grint 4.146 the dandruff 5. no evidence for borrowing
bluot 4.15 the blood 5. no evidence for borrowing
âdra 4.151 the vein or artery 5. no evidence for borrowing
bein 4.16 the bone 5. no evidence for borrowing
ribbi, rippi 4.162 the rib 5. no evidence for borrowing
horn 4.17 the horn 5. no evidence for borrowing
zagal 4.18 the tail 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)ruggi 4.19 the back 5. no evidence for borrowing
ruggibein 4.191 the spine 5. no evidence for borrowing
houbit 4.2 the head 5. no evidence for borrowing
slâfbein 4.201 the temples 5. no evidence for borrowing
hirniskâla 4.202 the skull 5. no evidence for borrowing
hirni 4.203 the brain 5. no evidence for borrowing
gisiht 4.204 the face 5. no evidence for borrowing
stirna 4.205 the forehead 5. no evidence for borrowing
kinnibakko 4.207 the jaw 5. no evidence for borrowing
wanga 4.208 the cheek 5. no evidence for borrowing
kinni 4.209 the chin 5. no evidence for borrowing
ouga 4.21 the eye 5. no evidence for borrowing
brâwa 4.212 the eyebrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
slegibrâwa 4.213 the eyelid 5. no evidence for borrowing
wintbrâwa 4.214 the eyelash 5. no evidence for borrowing
brâwezzen 4.215 to blink 5. no evidence for borrowing
ôra 4.22 the ear 5. no evidence for borrowing
ôrlappa 4.221 the earlobe 5. no evidence for borrowing
ôrsmero 4.222 the earwax 5. no evidence for borrowing
nasa 4.23 the nose 5. no evidence for borrowing
snegil 4.232 the nasal mucus 5. no evidence for borrowing
mund 4.24 the mouth 5. no evidence for borrowing
snabul 4.241 the beak 5. no evidence for borrowing
leffur, lefs 4.25 the lip 5. no evidence for borrowing
zunga 4.26 the tongue 5. no evidence for borrowing
zan(d) 4.27 the tooth 5. no evidence for borrowing
bilarn 4.271 the gums 5. no evidence for borrowing
kinnizan(d) 4.272 the molar tooth 5. no evidence for borrowing
hals 4.28 the neck 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)nac 4.281 the nape of the neck 5. no evidence for borrowing
kela 4.29 the throat 5. no evidence for borrowing
scultira 4.3 the shoulder 5. no evidence for borrowing
hartî, hartin 4.301 the shoulderblade 5. no evidence for borrowing
arm (1) 4.31 the arm 5. no evidence for borrowing
ahs(a)la 4.312 the armpit 5. no evidence for borrowing
elinbogo 4.32 the elbow 5. no evidence for borrowing
(w)rist 4.321 the wrist 5. no evidence for borrowing
hant 4.33 the hand 5. no evidence for borrowing
tenar 4.331 the palm of the hand 5. no evidence for borrowing
fingar 4.34 the finger 5. no evidence for borrowing
thûmo 4.342 the thumb 5. no evidence for borrowing
nagal 4.344 the fingernail 5. no evidence for borrowing
klâwa 4.345 the claw 5. no evidence for borrowing
gibeini 4.35 the leg 5. no evidence for borrowing
dioh 4.351 the thigh 5. no evidence for borrowing
wado 4.352 the calf of the leg 5. no evidence for borrowing
kneo, knio 4.36 the knee 5. no evidence for borrowing
fuoz 4.37 the foot 5. no evidence for borrowing
enkil 4.371 the ankle 5. no evidence for borrowing
fers(a)na 4.372 the heel 5. no evidence for borrowing
fuozspor 4.374 the footprint 5. no evidence for borrowing
zêha 4.38 the toe 5. no evidence for borrowing
feddah, fettach 4.392 the wing 5. no evidence for borrowing
fedara 4.393 the feather 5. no evidence for borrowing
brust 4.4 the chest 5. no evidence for borrowing
brust 4.41 the breast 5. no evidence for borrowing
tutta 4.412 the nipple or teat 5. no evidence for borrowing
ûtar 4.42 the udder 5. no evidence for borrowing
nabulo, nabalo 4.43 the navel 5. no evidence for borrowing
bûh 4.431 the belly 5. no evidence for borrowing
herza 4.44 the heart 5. no evidence for borrowing
lungun(na) 4.441 the lung 5. no evidence for borrowing
lebara 4.45 the liver 5. no evidence for borrowing
nioro 4.451 the kidney 5. no evidence for borrowing
milzi 4.452 the spleen 5. no evidence for borrowing
mago 4.46 the stomach 5. no evidence for borrowing
tharm 4.461 the intestines or guts 5. no evidence for borrowing
huf 4.463 the hip 5. no evidence for borrowing
arsbelli 4.464 the buttocks 5. no evidence for borrowing
senawa 4.465 the sinew or tendon 5. no evidence for borrowing
wamba 4.47 the womb 5. no evidence for borrowing
hôdo 4.49 the testicles 5. no evidence for borrowing
gimaht 4.492 the penis 5. no evidence for borrowing
kwiti 4.493 the vagina 5. no evidence for borrowing
kwiti 4.494 the vulva 5. no evidence for borrowing
âtamôn 4.51 to breathe 5. no evidence for borrowing
ginên, ginôn 4.52 to yawn 5. no evidence for borrowing
naskô 4.521 to hiccough 5. no evidence for borrowing
huostôn 4.53 to cough 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)niosan 4.54 to sneeze 5. no evidence for borrowing
swizzen 4.55 to perspire 5. no evidence for borrowing
spîwan 4.56 to spit 5. no evidence for borrowing
bîzan 4.58 to bite 5. no evidence for borrowing
lecken, leckôn 4.59 to lick 5. no evidence for borrowing
slâfan 4.61 to sleep 5. no evidence for borrowing
gisnarchôn 4.612 to snore 5. no evidence for borrowing
troumen 4.62 to dream 5. no evidence for borrowing
irwahhên 4.63 to wake up 5. no evidence for borrowing
ferzan 4.64 to fart 5. no evidence for borrowing
biskîzan 4.66 to shit 5. no evidence for borrowing
samantwist 4.67 to have sex 5. no evidence for borrowing
zittarôn 4.68 to shiver 5. no evidence for borrowing
badôn 4.69 to bathe 5. no evidence for borrowing
(gi)beran 4.71 to beget 5. no evidence for borrowing
giboran werdan 4.72 to be born 5. no evidence for borrowing
swangar 4.73 pregnant 5. no evidence for borrowing
intfâhan 4.732 to conceive 5. no evidence for borrowing
lebên (1) 4.74 to be alive 5. no evidence for borrowing
lebên (2) 4.741 the life 5. no evidence for borrowing
sterban 4.75 to die 5. no evidence for borrowing
tôt 4.7501 dead 5. no evidence for borrowing
irtrinkan 4.751 to drown 5. no evidence for borrowing
tôden 4.76 to kill 5. no evidence for borrowing
lîh(hamo) 4.77 the corpse 5. no evidence for borrowing
bigraban 4.78 to bury 5. no evidence for borrowing
grab 4.79 the grave 5. no evidence for borrowing
starc 4.81 strong 5. no evidence for borrowing
weih 4.82 weak 5. no evidence for borrowing
gisunt(i) 4.83 healthy 5. no evidence for borrowing
sioh 4.84 sick/ill 5. no evidence for borrowing
rito 4.841 the fever 5. no evidence for borrowing
kroph 4.842 the goitre/goiter 5. no evidence for borrowing
dampfo 4.843 the cold 5. no evidence for borrowing
suht 4.844 the disease 5. no evidence for borrowing
wunta 4.85 the wound or sore 5. no evidence for borrowing
blâwî 4.852 the bruise 5. no evidence for borrowing
giswulst 4.853 the swelling 5. no evidence for borrowing
jukkido 4.854 the itch 5. no evidence for borrowing
krazzôn 4.8541 to scratch 5. no evidence for borrowing
blâsa 4.855 the blister 5. no evidence for borrowing
bul(l)a 4.856 the boil 5. no evidence for borrowing
eitar 4.857 the pus 5. no evidence for borrowing
narwa 4.858 the scar 5. no evidence for borrowing
heilen 4.86 to cure 5. no evidence for borrowing
arzât 4.87 the physician 1. clearly borrowed
lâhhan 4.88 the medicine 5. no evidence for borrowing
lubbi 4.89 the poison 5. no evidence for borrowing
muodi 4.91 tired 5. no evidence for borrowing
ruowên 4.912 to rest 5. no evidence for borrowing
trâgi 4.92 lazy 5. no evidence for borrowing
kalo 4.93 bald 5. no evidence for borrowing
lam 4.94 lame 5. no evidence for borrowing
toub 4.95 deaf 5. no evidence for borrowing
stum 4.96 mute 5. no evidence for borrowing
blint 4.97 blind 5. no evidence for borrowing
trunkan 4.98 drunk 5. no evidence for borrowing
nackot 4.99 naked 5. no evidence for borrowing
ezzan 5.11 to eat 5. no evidence for borrowing
narunga 5.12 the food 5. no evidence for borrowing
gisotan 5.121 cooked 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)rô 5.122 raw 5. no evidence for borrowing
rîfi 5.123 ripe 5. no evidence for borrowing
un(h)rîfi 5.124 unripe 5. no evidence for borrowing
fûl 5.125 rotten 5. no evidence for borrowing
trinkan 5.13 to drink 5. no evidence for borrowing
hungarên 5.14 to be hungry 5. no evidence for borrowing
hungar 5.141 the famine 5. no evidence for borrowing
durstên 5.15 to be thirsty 5. no evidence for borrowing
sûgan 5.16 to suck 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiuwan 5.18 to chew 5. no evidence for borrowing
wurgen 5.19 to choke 5. no evidence for borrowing
kohhôn 5.21 to cook 1. clearly borrowed
siodan 5.22 to boil 5. no evidence for borrowing
brâtan 5.23 to roast or fry 5. no evidence for borrowing
bahhan 5.24 to bake 5. no evidence for borrowing
ovan, ofan 5.25 the oven 5. no evidence for borrowing
tuphin 5.26 the pot 5. no evidence for borrowing
kezzil 5.27 the kettle 2. probably borrowed
pfanna 5.28 the pan 1. clearly borrowed
< patánē ( Greek )
scâla 5.31 the dish 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)naph 5.33 the bowl 5. no evidence for borrowing
kruog 5.34 the jug/pitcher 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)naph 5.35 the cup 5. no evidence for borrowing
leffil 5.37 the spoon 5. no evidence for borrowing
mezzisahs 5.38 the knife(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
zanga 5.391 the tongs 5. no evidence for borrowing
gouma 5.41 the meal 5. no evidence for borrowing
untarn 5.43 the lunch 5. no evidence for borrowing
âbandmuos 5.45 the supper 5. no evidence for borrowing
skel(l)en 5.46 to peel 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)redan 5.47 to sieve or to strain 5. no evidence for borrowing
krazzôn 5.48 to scrape 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)ruoren 5.49 to stir or to mix 5. no evidence for borrowing
brôt 5.51 the bread 5. no evidence for borrowing
teig 5.53 the dough 5. no evidence for borrowing
knetan 5.54 to knead 5. no evidence for borrowing
melo 5.55 the flour 5. no evidence for borrowing
malan 5.56 to crush or to grind 5. no evidence for borrowing
quirn(a) 5.57 the mill 5. no evidence for borrowing
mortâri 5.58 the mortar(1) 1. clearly borrowed
rîbil 5.59 the pestle 5. no evidence for borrowing
fleisc 5.61 the meat 5. no evidence for borrowing
brod 5.63 the sausage 5. no evidence for borrowing
jussal 5.64 the soup 2. probably borrowed
smalasât 5.65 the vegetables 5. no evidence for borrowing
bôna 5.66 the bean 5. no evidence for borrowing
obaz 5.71 the fruit 5. no evidence for borrowing
fîga 5.75 the fig 1. clearly borrowed
drûbo 5.76 the grape 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)nuz 5.77 the nut 5. no evidence for borrowing
oliberi 5.78 the olive 1. clearly borrowed
smalz 5.79 the oil 5. no evidence for borrowing
unsli(h)t 5.791 the grease or fat 5. no evidence for borrowing
salz 5.81 the salt 5. no evidence for borrowing
pheffur, pheffar 5.82 the pepper 1. clearly borrowed
piper ( Latin )
< péperi ( Greek )
honag 5.84 the honey 5. no evidence for borrowing
zuckar 5.85 the sugar 1. clearly borrowed
miluh 5.86 the milk 5. no evidence for borrowing
melkan 5.87 to milk 5. no evidence for borrowing
kâsi 5.88 the cheese 1. clearly borrowed
butira 5.89 the butter 1. clearly borrowed
tranc 5.9 the drink 5. no evidence for borrowing
meto 5.91 the mead 5. no evidence for borrowing
wîn 5.92 the wine 1. clearly borrowed
bior 5.93 the beer 4. very little evidence for borrowing
ei 5.97 the egg 5. no evidence for borrowing
wâten 6.11 to put on 5. no evidence for borrowing
(gi)wâti() 6.12 the clothing or clothes 5. no evidence for borrowing
nâtâri 6.13 the tailor 5. no evidence for borrowing
tuoh 6.21 the cloth 5. no evidence for borrowing
wolla 6.22 the wool 5. no evidence for borrowing
saban 6.23 the linen 1. clearly borrowed
boumwolla 6.24 the cotton 5. no evidence for borrowing
sîda 6.25 the silk 1. clearly borrowed
filz 6.27 the felt 5. no evidence for borrowing
pelliz 6.28 the fur 1. clearly borrowed
ledar 6.29 the leather 5. no evidence for borrowing
spinnan 6.31 to spin 5. no evidence for borrowing
spinula 6.32 the spindle 5. no evidence for borrowing
weban 6.33 to weave 5. no evidence for borrowing
nâen 6.35 to sew 5. no evidence for borrowing
nâdala 6.36 the needle(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
âla 6.37 the awl 5. no evidence for borrowing
garn 6.38 the thread 5. no evidence for borrowing
far(a)wen 6.39 to dye 5. no evidence for borrowing
mantal 6.41 the cloak 1. clearly borrowed
wîbgiwâti 6.42 the (woman's) dress 5. no evidence for borrowing
lahhan 6.43 the coat 5. no evidence for borrowing
hemidi 6.44 the shirt 5. no evidence for borrowing
kozzo 6.46 the skirt 5. no evidence for borrowing
hosa 6.48 the trousers 5. no evidence for borrowing
soc 6.49 the sock or stocking 1. clearly borrowed
scuoh 6.51 the shoe 5. no evidence for borrowing
kelisa 6.52 the boot 1. clearly borrowed
skuohbuozo 6.54 the shoemaker 5. no evidence for borrowing
huot 6.55 the hat or cap 5. no evidence for borrowing
gurtil 6.57 the belt 5. no evidence for borrowing
hantscuoh 6.58 the glove 5. no evidence for borrowing
ougfano 6.59 the veil 5. no evidence for borrowing
knopf 6.62 the button 5. no evidence for borrowing
nuska 6.63 the pin 5. no evidence for borrowing
zierida 6.71 the ornament or adornment 5. no evidence for borrowing
gimma 6.72 the jewel 1. clearly borrowed
gemma ( Latin )
(h)ring 6.73 the ring 5. no evidence for borrowing
armboug 6.74 the bracelet 5. no evidence for borrowing
halsbant 6.75 the necklace 5. no evidence for borrowing
perala, perula 6.76 the bead 1. clearly borrowed
ôrring 6.77 the earring 5. no evidence for borrowing
binta 6.78 the headband or headdress 5. no evidence for borrowing
dwahila 6.82 the towel 5. no evidence for borrowing
kamb(o) 6.91 the comb 5. no evidence for borrowing
zopf 6.921 the plait/braid 5. no evidence for borrowing
skarasahs 6.93 the razor 5. no evidence for borrowing
salb(a) 6.94 the ointment 5. no evidence for borrowing
seifa 6.95 the soap 5. no evidence for borrowing
spiagal 6.96 the mirror 1. clearly borrowed
lebên (1) 7.11 to live 5. no evidence for borrowing
hûs 7.12 the house 5. no evidence for borrowing
hutta 7.13 the hut 5. no evidence for borrowing
zelt 7.14 the tent 5. no evidence for borrowing
hof 7.15 the yard or court 5. no evidence for borrowing
sprâhhûs 7.18 the meeting house 5. no evidence for borrowing
zimbar 7.21 the room 5. no evidence for borrowing
turi 7.22 the door or gate 5. no evidence for borrowing
turistuodal 7.221 the doorpost 5. no evidence for borrowing
sloz 7.23 the lock 5. no evidence for borrowing
sluzzil 7.24 the key 5. no evidence for borrowing
finestra 7.25 the window 1. clearly borrowed
astrih, estrih 7.26 the floor 1. clearly borrowed
want 7.27 the wall 5. no evidence for borrowing
fiurstat 7.31 the fireplace 5. no evidence for borrowing
herd 7.32 the stove 5. no evidence for borrowing
scorrenstein 7.33 the chimney 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)leitara 7.37 the ladder 5. no evidence for borrowing
betti 7.42 the bed 5. no evidence for borrowing
kussîn 7.421 the pillow 1. clearly borrowed
deckî 7.422 the blanket 5. no evidence for borrowing
stuol 7.43 the chair 5. no evidence for borrowing
tisc 7.44 the table 1. clearly borrowed
fackala 7.45 the lamp or torch 1. clearly borrowed
kerza 7.46 the candle 1. clearly borrowed
trog 7.48 the trough 5. no evidence for borrowing
thah 7.51 the roof 5. no evidence for borrowing
first 7.53 the ridgepole 5. no evidence for borrowing
sparro 7.54 the rafter 5. no evidence for borrowing
balko 7.55 the beam 5. no evidence for borrowing
sûl 7.56 the post or pole 5. no evidence for borrowing
bret 7.57 the board 5. no evidence for borrowing
bogo 7.58 the arch 5. no evidence for borrowing
steinbôzil 7.61 the mason 5. no evidence for borrowing
ziegal 7.62 the brick 1. clearly borrowed
kalc 7.63 the mortar(2) 1. clearly borrowed
calx ( Latin )
heriberga 7.65 the camp 5. no evidence for borrowing
gilôwôn 7.67 to tan 5. no evidence for borrowing
akkarman 8.11 the farmer 5. no evidence for borrowing
ackar 8.12 the field 5. no evidence for borrowing
garto 8.13 the garden 5. no evidence for borrowing
bûwan 8.15 to cultivate 5. no evidence for borrowing
zûn 8.16 the fence 5. no evidence for borrowing
grabo 8.17 the ditch 5. no evidence for borrowing
erien 8.21 to plough/plow 5. no evidence for borrowing
furh 8.212 the furrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
graban 8.22 to dig 5. no evidence for borrowing
vanga 8.23 the spade 5. no evidence for borrowing
scûfla 8.24 the shovel 5. no evidence for borrowing
houwa 8.25 the hoe 5. no evidence for borrowing
furka 8.26 the fork(2)/pitchfork 1. clearly borrowed
furca ( Latin )
rehho 8.27 the rake 5. no evidence for borrowing
sâen 8.31 to sow 5. no evidence for borrowing
sâmo 8.311 the seed 5. no evidence for borrowing
mâen 8.32 to mow 5. no evidence for borrowing
segansa 8.33 the sickle or scythe 5. no evidence for borrowing
drescan 8.34 to thresh 5. no evidence for borrowing
tenni 8.35 the threshing-floor 5. no evidence for borrowing
arnôt 8.41 the harvest 5. no evidence for borrowing
korn 8.42 the grain 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)weizzi 8.43 the wheat 5. no evidence for borrowing
gersta 8.44 the barley 5. no evidence for borrowing
roggo 8.45 the rye 5. no evidence for borrowing
habaro 8.46 the oats 5. no evidence for borrowing
gras 8.51 the grass 5. no evidence for borrowing
houwi 8.52 the hay 5. no evidence for borrowing
pflanzôn 8.531 to plant 5. no evidence for borrowing
wurzala 8.54 the root 5. no evidence for borrowing
ast 8.55 the branch 5. no evidence for borrowing
blat 8.56 the leaf 5. no evidence for borrowing
bluomo 8.57 the flower 5. no evidence for borrowing
boum 8.6 the tree 5. no evidence for borrowing
eih(ha) 8.61 the oak 5. no evidence for borrowing
buohha 8.62 the beech 5. no evidence for borrowing
birka 8.63 the birch 5. no evidence for borrowing
pînboum 8.64 the pine 1. clearly borrowed
tanna 8.65 the fir 5. no evidence for borrowing
eihhila 8.66 the acorn 5. no evidence for borrowing
reba 8.67 the vine 5. no evidence for borrowing
stumph (1) 8.72 the tree stump 5. no evidence for borrowing
stam 8.73 the tree trunk 5. no evidence for borrowing
zwisila 8.74 the forked branch 5. no evidence for borrowing
rinta 8.75 the bark 5. no evidence for borrowing
saf 8.76 the sap 5. no evidence for borrowing
palma 8.81 the palm tree 1. clearly borrowed
palma ( Latin )
hirsi 8.911 the millet or sorghum 5. no evidence for borrowing
kurbiz 8.931 the pumpkin or squash 1. clearly borrowed
nezzila 8.97 the nettle 5. no evidence for borrowing
swam(b) 8.98 the mushroom 5. no evidence for borrowing
lerihha 8.991 the larch 1. clearly borrowed
larix ( Latin )
nâdala 8.993 the needle(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
zapfo 8.996 the cone 5. no evidence for borrowing
tuon 9.11 to do 5. no evidence for borrowing
mahhôn 9.111 to make 5. no evidence for borrowing
arbeit(i) 9.12 the work 5. no evidence for borrowing
biogan 9.14 to bend 5. no evidence for borrowing
faldan 9.15 to fold 5. no evidence for borrowing
bintan 9.16 to tie 5. no evidence for borrowing
lôsen 9.161 to untie 5. no evidence for borrowing
ketin(n)a 9.18 the chain 1. clearly borrowed
< catēna ( Latin )
seil 9.19 the rope 5. no evidence for borrowing
knopf 9.192 the knot 5. no evidence for borrowing
slahan 9.21 to strike or hit or beat 5. no evidence for borrowing
stôzan 9.211 to pound 5. no evidence for borrowing
snîdan 9.22 to cut 5. no evidence for borrowing
fellen 9.221 to cut down 5. no evidence for borrowing
hackôn 9.222 to chop 5. no evidence for borrowing
stehhan 9.223 to stab 5. no evidence for borrowing
mezzisahs 9.23 the knife(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
scâri 9.24 the scissors or shears 5. no evidence for borrowing
ackus 9.25 the axe/ax 5. no evidence for borrowing
bîhal 9.251 the adze 5. no evidence for borrowing
brehhan 9.26 to break 5. no evidence for borrowing
spaltan 9.27 to split 5. no evidence for borrowing
brestan 9.28 to tear 5. no evidence for borrowing
skinten 9.29 to skin 5. no evidence for borrowing
rîban 9.31 to rub 5. no evidence for borrowing
wisken 9.311 to wipe 5. no evidence for borrowing
strecken 9.32 to stretch 5. no evidence for borrowing
ziohan 9.33 to pull 5. no evidence for borrowing
breiten 9.34 to spread out 5. no evidence for borrowing
hâhan 9.341 to hang up 5. no evidence for borrowing
thrucken 9.342 to press 5. no evidence for borrowing
irringan 9.343 to squeeze 5. no evidence for borrowing
giozan 9.35 to pour 5. no evidence for borrowing
wascan 9.36 to wash 5. no evidence for borrowing
fegôn 9.37 to sweep 5. no evidence for borrowing
bes(a)mo 9.38 the broom 5. no evidence for borrowing
giziug(i) 9.422 the tool 5. no evidence for borrowing
zimbarman 9.43 the carpenter 5. no evidence for borrowing
zimbarôn 9.44 to build 5. no evidence for borrowing
borôn 9.46 to bore 5. no evidence for borrowing
holôn 9.461 to hollow out 5. no evidence for borrowing
sega 9.48 the saw 5. no evidence for borrowing
hamar 9.49 the hammer 5. no evidence for borrowing
nagal 9.5 the nail 5. no evidence for borrowing
lîm 9.56 the glue 5. no evidence for borrowing
smid 9.6 the blacksmith 5. no evidence for borrowing
smidôn 9.61 to forge 5. no evidence for borrowing
anabôz 9.62 the anvil 5. no evidence for borrowing
giozan 9.63 to cast 5. no evidence for borrowing
gold 9.64 the gold 5. no evidence for borrowing
sil(a)bar 9.65 the silver 1. clearly borrowed
kuphar 9.66 the copper 1. clearly borrowed
< kyprion ( Greek )
îsa(r)n 9.67 the iron 5. no evidence for borrowing
blîo 9.68 the lead 5. no evidence for borrowing
zin 9.69 the tin or tinplate 5. no evidence for borrowing
hafanâri 9.71 the potter 5. no evidence for borrowing
biliden 9.72 to mould/mold 5. no evidence for borrowing
leim(o) 9.73 the clay 5. no evidence for borrowing
glas 9.74 the glass 5. no evidence for borrowing
flehtan 9.75 to weave or plait/braid 5. no evidence for borrowing
korb 9.76 the basket 5. no evidence for borrowing
matta 9.77 the mat 1. clearly borrowed
tep(p)it 9.771 the rug 1. clearly borrowed
< tápês ( Greek )
wadal 9.79 the fan 5. no evidence for borrowing
houwan 9.81 to carve 5. no evidence for borrowing
rizzâri 9.82 the sculptor 5. no evidence for borrowing
manalîhha 9.83 the statue 5. no evidence for borrowing
meizil 9.84 the chisel 5. no evidence for borrowing
far(a)wa 9.88 the paint 5. no evidence for borrowing
mâlên, mâlôn 9.89 to paint 5. no evidence for borrowing
skepfen 9.9 to draw water 5. no evidence for borrowing
stecko 9.91 the peg 5. no evidence for borrowing
wezzistein 9.93 the whetstone 5. no evidence for borrowing
biwegan 10.11 to move 5. no evidence for borrowing
wenten 10.12 to turn 5. no evidence for borrowing
kêren 10.13 to turn around 5. no evidence for borrowing
welzen 10.15 to roll 5. no evidence for borrowing
fellen 10.16 to drop 5. no evidence for borrowing
biogan 10.17 to twist 5. no evidence for borrowing
ûfgangan 10.21 to rise 5. no evidence for borrowing
heffen 10.22 to raise or lift 5. no evidence for borrowing
fallan 10.23 to fall 5. no evidence for borrowing
trophôn 10.24 to drip 5. no evidence for borrowing
werfan 10.25 to throw 5. no evidence for borrowing
fâhan 10.252 to catch 5. no evidence for borrowing
scutten 10.26 to shake 5. no evidence for borrowing
fliozan 10.32 to flow 5. no evidence for borrowing
sinkan 10.33 to sink 5. no evidence for borrowing
trîban 10.34 to float 5. no evidence for borrowing
swimman 10.35 to swim 5. no evidence for borrowing
intûhhan 10.351 to dive 5. no evidence for borrowing
fliogan 10.37 to fly 5. no evidence for borrowing
wâ(h)en 10.38 to blow 5. no evidence for borrowing
kriohhan 10.41 to crawl 5. no evidence for borrowing
(gi)kniuwen 10.412 to kneel 5. no evidence for borrowing
springan 10.43 to jump 5. no evidence for borrowing
stôzan 10.431 to kick 5. no evidence for borrowing
salzôn 10.44 to dance 1. clearly borrowed
(h)loufan 10.45 to walk 5. no evidence for borrowing
hinkan 10.451 to limp 5. no evidence for borrowing
rennen 10.46 to run 5. no evidence for borrowing
gangan 10.47 to go 5. no evidence for borrowing
ûfgân 10.471 to go up 5. no evidence for borrowing
nidarwallôn 10.473 to go down 5. no evidence for borrowing
ûzgangan 10.474 to go out 5. no evidence for borrowing
queman 10.48 to come 5. no evidence for borrowing
widarisinnan 10.481 to come back 5. no evidence for borrowing
irfaran 10.49 to leave 5. no evidence for borrowing
firswintan 10.491 to disappear 5. no evidence for borrowing
fliohan 10.51 to flee 5. no evidence for borrowing
folgên 10.52 to follow 5. no evidence for borrowing
âhten 10.53 to pursue 5. no evidence for borrowing
anaqueman 10.55 to arrive 5. no evidence for borrowing
nâhen 10.56 to approach 5. no evidence for borrowing
ingangan 10.57 to enter 5. no evidence for borrowing
heim kêren 10.58 to go or return home 5. no evidence for borrowing
tragan 10.61 to carry 5. no evidence for borrowing
bringan 10.62 to bring 5. no evidence for borrowing
senten 10.63 to send 5. no evidence for borrowing
leiten 10.64 to lead 5. no evidence for borrowing
trîban 10.65 to drive 5. no evidence for borrowing
rîtan 10.66 to ride 5. no evidence for borrowing
skioban 10.67 to push 5. no evidence for borrowing
weg 10.71 the road 5. no evidence for borrowing
pfad 10.72 the path 4. very little evidence for borrowing
brugga 10.74 the bridge 5. no evidence for borrowing
wagan 10.75 the cart or wagon 5. no evidence for borrowing
rad 10.76 the wheel 5. no evidence for borrowing
ahsa 10.77 the axle 5. no evidence for borrowing
joh 10.78 the yoke 5. no evidence for borrowing
slito 10.79 the sledge/sled 5. no evidence for borrowing
skif, skef 10.81 the ship 5. no evidence for borrowing
flôzskip 10.83 the boat 5. no evidence for borrowing
nahho 10.831 the canoe 5. no evidence for borrowing
flôz 10.84 the raft 5. no evidence for borrowing
ruodar 10.85 the oar 5. no evidence for borrowing
ruodarôn 10.852 to row 5. no evidence for borrowing
ruodar 10.86 the rudder 5. no evidence for borrowing
mast 10.87 the mast 5. no evidence for borrowing
segal 10.88 the sail 5. no evidence for borrowing
senkil 10.89 the anchor 5. no evidence for borrowing
skifgart 10.91 the port 5. no evidence for borrowing
lenten 10.92 to land 5. no evidence for borrowing
habên 11.11 to have 5. no evidence for borrowing
eigan 11.12 to own 5. no evidence for borrowing
neman 11.13 to take 5. no evidence for borrowing
bifâhan 11.14 to grasp 5. no evidence for borrowing
haltan 11.15 to hold 5. no evidence for borrowing
biqueman 11.16 to get 5. no evidence for borrowing
bihaltan 11.17 to keep 5. no evidence for borrowing
geban 11.21 to give 5. no evidence for borrowing
geltan 11.22 to give back 5. no evidence for borrowing
bihaltan 11.24 to preserve 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)retten 11.25 to rescue 5. no evidence for borrowing
stôren 11.27 to destroy 5. no evidence for borrowing
tarôn 11.28 to injure 5. no evidence for borrowing
tarôn 11.29 to damage 5. no evidence for borrowing
suohhen 11.31 to look for 5. no evidence for borrowing
findan 11.32 to find 5. no evidence for borrowing
firliosan 11.33 to lose 5. no evidence for borrowing
firlâzan 11.34 to let go 5. no evidence for borrowing
scaz 11.43 the money 5. no evidence for borrowing
marc 11.44 the coin 5. no evidence for borrowing
rîhhi 11.51 rich 5. no evidence for borrowing
arm (2) 11.52 poor 5. no evidence for borrowing
betalâri 11.53 the beggar 5. no evidence for borrowing
arg 11.54 stingy 5. no evidence for borrowing
lîhan 11.61 to lend 5. no evidence for borrowing
intlîhan 11.62 to borrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
dankôn 11.63 to owe 5. no evidence for borrowing
sculd 11.64 the debt 5. no evidence for borrowing
firgeltan 11.65 to pay 5. no evidence for borrowing
reitî 11.66 the bill 5. no evidence for borrowing
stiura 11.69 the tax 5. no evidence for borrowing
lôn 11.78 the wages 5. no evidence for borrowing
firthionôn 11.79 to earn 5. no evidence for borrowing
koufen 11.81 to buy 5. no evidence for borrowing
firkoufen 11.82 to sell 5. no evidence for borrowing
koufen 11.83 to trade or barter 5. no evidence for borrowing
koufo 11.84 the merchant 1. clearly borrowed
markât 11.85 the market 1. clearly borrowed
krâm 11.86 the shop/store 5. no evidence for borrowing
werd 11.87 the price 5. no evidence for borrowing
tiuri 11.88 expensive 5. no evidence for borrowing
teilen, teilôn 11.91 to share 5. no evidence for borrowing
nâh 12.01 after 5. no evidence for borrowing
hintaro 12.011 behind 5. no evidence for borrowing
in 12.012 in 5. no evidence for borrowing
an(a) 12.013 at 5. no evidence for borrowing
neben 12.02 beside 5. no evidence for borrowing
nidar 12.03 down 5. no evidence for borrowing
bifora 12.04 before 5. no evidence for borrowing
for(a) 12.041 in front of 5. no evidence for borrowing
innarûnhalb 12.05 inside 5. no evidence for borrowing
uzar(ûn)halb 12.06 outside 5. no evidence for borrowing
untar 12.07 under 5. no evidence for borrowing
hinaûf 12.08 up 5. no evidence for borrowing
ubar 12.081 above 5. no evidence for borrowing
stat 12.11 the place 5. no evidence for borrowing
leg(g)en 12.12 to put 5. no evidence for borrowing
sizzan 12.13 to sit 5. no evidence for borrowing
nidarleg(g)en 12.14 to lie down 5. no evidence for borrowing
stên 12.15 to stand 5. no evidence for borrowing
bilîban 12.16 to remain 5. no evidence for borrowing
leiba 12.17 the remains 5. no evidence for borrowing
samanôn 12.21 to gather 5. no evidence for borrowing
gilesan 12.212 to pick up 5. no evidence for borrowing
gihûfôn 12.213 to pile up 5. no evidence for borrowing
gifuogen 12.22 to join 5. no evidence for borrowing
skeidan 12.23 to separate 5. no evidence for borrowing
teilen 12.232 to divide 5. no evidence for borrowing
intsliozan 12.24 to open 5. no evidence for borrowing
bisliozan 12.25 to shut 5. no evidence for borrowing
decken 12.26 to cover 5. no evidence for borrowing
bergan 12.27 to hide 5. no evidence for borrowing
hôh 12.31 high 5. no evidence for borrowing
tiof 12.32 low 5. no evidence for borrowing
spizza 12.33 the top 5. no evidence for borrowing
bodam 12.34 the bottom 5. no evidence for borrowing
enti 12.35 the end(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
spizzi 12.352 pointed 5. no evidence for borrowing
rant 12.353 the edge 5. no evidence for borrowing
sîta 12.36 the side 5. no evidence for borrowing
mitti 12.37 the middle 5. no evidence for borrowing
zeso 12.41 right(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
winistar 12.42 left 5. no evidence for borrowing
nâh 12.43 near 5. no evidence for borrowing
fer 12.44 far 5. no evidence for borrowing
ôstan 12.45 the east 5. no evidence for borrowing
westan 12.46 the west 5. no evidence for borrowing
nord(an) 12.47 the north 5. no evidence for borrowing
sund(an) 12.48 the south 5. no evidence for borrowing
wahsan 12.53 to grow 5. no evidence for borrowing
mezzan 12.54 to measure 5. no evidence for borrowing
klâftra 12.541 the fathom 5. no evidence for borrowing
mihhil 12.55 big 5. no evidence for borrowing
luzzil 12.56 small 5. no evidence for borrowing
lang 12.57 long 5. no evidence for borrowing
hôh 12.58 tall 5. no evidence for borrowing
kurz 12.59 short 1. clearly borrowed
breit 12.61 wide 5. no evidence for borrowing
smal 12.62 narrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
dicki 12.63 thick 5. no evidence for borrowing
dunni 12.65 thin 5. no evidence for borrowing
tiof 12.67 deep 5. no evidence for borrowing
flah 12.68 shallow 5. no evidence for borrowing
eban(i) 12.71 flat 5. no evidence for borrowing
gireht 12.73 straight 5. no evidence for borrowing
krumb 12.74 crooked 5. no evidence for borrowing
hâggo, hâcko 12.75 the hook 5. no evidence for borrowing
egga 12.76 the corner 5. no evidence for borrowing
galgo 12.77 the cross 5. no evidence for borrowing
fiora 12.78 the square 5. no evidence for borrowing
sinwel 12.81 round 5. no evidence for borrowing
ring 12.82 the circle 5. no evidence for borrowing
bal 12.83 the ball 5. no evidence for borrowing
rîga 12.84 the line 5. no evidence for borrowing
loh 12.85 the hole 5. no evidence for borrowing
anagilîh 12.92 similar 5. no evidence for borrowing
wehsalôn 12.93 to change 5. no evidence for borrowing
ein 13.01 one 5. no evidence for borrowing
zwêne (zwô, zwâ, zwei) 13.02 two 5. no evidence for borrowing
drî 13.03 three 5. no evidence for borrowing
fior 13.04 four 5. no evidence for borrowing
fimf, finf 13.05 five 5. no evidence for borrowing
sehs 13.06 six 5. no evidence for borrowing
sibun 13.07 seven 5. no evidence for borrowing
ahto 13.08 eight 5. no evidence for borrowing
niun 13.09 nine 5. no evidence for borrowing
zehan 13.1 ten 5. no evidence for borrowing
einlif 13.101 eleven 5. no evidence for borrowing
zwelif 13.102 twelve 5. no evidence for borrowing
fimfzehan 13.103 fifteen 5. no evidence for borrowing
zweinzug 13.104 twenty 5. no evidence for borrowing
einhunt 13.105 a hundred 5. no evidence for borrowing
dûsunt 13.106 a thousand 5. no evidence for borrowing
zellen 13.107 to count 5. no evidence for borrowing
al 13.14 all 5. no evidence for borrowing
filu 13.15 many 5. no evidence for borrowing
mêro, mêra 13.16 more 5. no evidence for borrowing
fôh 13.17 few 5. no evidence for borrowing
ginuog 13.18 enough 5. no evidence for borrowing
einîg 13.181 some 5. no evidence for borrowing
menigî 13.19 the crowd 5. no evidence for borrowing
fol 13.21 full 5. no evidence for borrowing
lârî 13.22 empty 5. no evidence for borrowing
teil 13.23 the part 5. no evidence for borrowing
stucki 13.231 the piece 5. no evidence for borrowing
halba 13.24 the half 5. no evidence for borrowing
einen 13.33 only 5. no evidence for borrowing
bar 13.331 alone 5. no evidence for borrowing
êristo 13.34 first 5. no evidence for borrowing
hintarôsto 13.35 last 5. no evidence for borrowing
ander 13.36 second 5. no evidence for borrowing
zwiro 13.38 twice/two times 5. no evidence for borrowing
dritto 13.42 third 5. no evidence for borrowing
driror 13.44 three times 5. no evidence for borrowing
zît 14.11 the time 5. no evidence for borrowing
altar 14.12 the age 5. no evidence for borrowing
niuwi 14.13 new 5. no evidence for borrowing
jung 14.14 young 5. no evidence for borrowing
alt 14.15 old 5. no evidence for borrowing
fruoi 14.16 early 5. no evidence for borrowing
spâti 14.17 late 5. no evidence for borrowing
nu 14.18 now 5. no evidence for borrowing
sâr 14.19 immediately 5. no evidence for borrowing
rasco 14.21 fast 5. no evidence for borrowing
langsam 14.22 slow 5. no evidence for borrowing
îlen 14.23 to hurry 5. no evidence for borrowing
spâten 14.24 to be late 5. no evidence for borrowing
biginnan 14.25 to begin 5. no evidence for borrowing
anafang 14.251 the beginning 5. no evidence for borrowing
werên 14.252 to last 5. no evidence for borrowing
enti 14.26 the end(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
entôn 14.27 to finish 5. no evidence for borrowing
entôn 14.28 to cease 5. no evidence for borrowing
fartîg, fertîg 14.29 ready 5. no evidence for borrowing
iomêr 14.31 always 5. no evidence for borrowing
ofto 14.32 often 5. no evidence for borrowing
eddeswanne 14.33 sometimes 5. no evidence for borrowing
sâr 14.331 soon 5. no evidence for borrowing
lango 14.332 for a long time 5. no evidence for borrowing
nio 14.34 never 5. no evidence for borrowing
widar(i) 14.35 again 5. no evidence for borrowing
tag 14.41 the day(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
naht 14.42 the night 5. no evidence for borrowing
tagarôt(î) 14.43 the dawn 5. no evidence for borrowing
morgan 14.44 the morning 5. no evidence for borrowing
mitti(l)tag 14.45 the midday 5. no evidence for borrowing
âband 14.46 the evening 5. no evidence for borrowing
hiutu 14.47 today 5. no evidence for borrowing
morgane 14.48 tomorrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
ubarmorgane 14.481 the day after tomorrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
gest(e)re, gesterên 14.49 yesterday 5. no evidence for borrowing
êrgesteren 14.491 the day before yesterday 5. no evidence for borrowing
stunta 14.51 the hour 5. no evidence for borrowing
wehha 14.61 the week 5. no evidence for borrowing
sunnûntag 14.62 Sunday 5. no evidence for borrowing
mânotag 14.63 Monday 5. no evidence for borrowing
ziestag 14.64 Tuesday 5. no evidence for borrowing
mittawehha 14.65 Wednesday 5. no evidence for borrowing
thonarestag 14.66 Thursday 5. no evidence for borrowing
frî(j)atag 14.67 Friday 5. no evidence for borrowing
sunnûnaband 14.68 Saturday 5. no evidence for borrowing
mânôd 14.71 the month 5. no evidence for borrowing
jâr 14.73 the year 5. no evidence for borrowing
wintar 14.74 the winter 5. no evidence for borrowing
lenzo 14.75 the spring(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
sumar 14.76 the summer 5. no evidence for borrowing
herbist 14.77 the autumn/fall 5. no evidence for borrowing
stinkan 15.21 to smell(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
riohhan 15.212 to sniff 5. no evidence for borrowing
riohhan 15.22 to smell(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
(gi)smecken 15.31 to taste 5. no evidence for borrowing
suozi 15.35 sweet 5. no evidence for borrowing
bittar 15.37 bitter 5. no evidence for borrowing
sûr 15.38 sour 5. no evidence for borrowing
hôren 15.41 to hear 5. no evidence for borrowing
hôrehhen 15.42 to listen 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)lûta 15.44 the sound or noise 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)lût 15.45 loud 5. no evidence for borrowing
stilli 15.46 quiet 5. no evidence for borrowing
sehan 15.51 to see 5. no evidence for borrowing
scouwôn 15.52 to look 5. no evidence for borrowing
zeigôn 15.55 to show 5. no evidence for borrowing
skînan 15.56 to shine 5. no evidence for borrowing
glat 15.57 bright 5. no evidence for borrowing
far(a)wa 15.61 the colour/color 5. no evidence for borrowing
lioht (2) 15.62 light(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
finstar 15.63 dark 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)wîz 15.64 white 5. no evidence for borrowing
swarz 15.65 black 5. no evidence for borrowing
rôt 15.66 red 5. no evidence for borrowing
blâo 15.67 blue 5. no evidence for borrowing
gruoni 15.68 green 5. no evidence for borrowing
gelo 15.69 yellow 5. no evidence for borrowing
bi(h)ruoren 15.71 to touch 5. no evidence for borrowing
gizwiggen 15.712 to pinch 5. no evidence for borrowing
fuolen 15.72 to feel 5. no evidence for borrowing
hart 15.74 hard 5. no evidence for borrowing
weih 15.75 soft 5. no evidence for borrowing
rûh 15.76 rough(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
eban(i) 15.77 smooth 5. no evidence for borrowing
scarf(i) 15.78 sharp 5. no evidence for borrowing
stumph (2) 15.79 blunt 5. no evidence for borrowing
swâri 15.81 heavy 5. no evidence for borrowing
lîhti 15.82 light(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
naz 15.83 wet 5. no evidence for borrowing
trukkan 15.84 dry 5. no evidence for borrowing
heiz 15.85 hot 5. no evidence for borrowing
warm 15.851 warm 5. no evidence for borrowing
kalt 15.86 cold 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)reini 15.87 clean 5. no evidence for borrowing
salo 15.88 dirty 5. no evidence for borrowing
runziloht 15.89 wrinkled 5. no evidence for borrowing
sêla 16.11 the soul or spirit 5. no evidence for borrowing
wola 16.18 the good luck 5. no evidence for borrowing
wêwa 16.19 the bad luck 5. no evidence for borrowing
sâlig 16.23 happy 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)lahhên 16.25 to laugh 5. no evidence for borrowing
smielên 16.251 to smile 5. no evidence for borrowing
spilôn 16.26 to play 5. no evidence for borrowing
liobôn 16.27 to love 5. no evidence for borrowing
kussen 16.29 to kiss 5. no evidence for borrowing
halsen 16.3 to embrace 5. no evidence for borrowing
smerza 16.31 the pain 5. no evidence for borrowing
trûrigî 16.32 the grief 5. no evidence for borrowing
sorga 16.33 the anxiety 5. no evidence for borrowing
(h)riuwôn 16.34 to regret or be sorry 5. no evidence for borrowing
irbarmida 16.35 the pity 5. no evidence for borrowing
weinôn 16.37 to cry 5. no evidence for borrowing
trahan 16.38 the tear 5. no evidence for borrowing
sûftôn 16.39 to groan 5. no evidence for borrowing
hazzên 16.41 to hate 5. no evidence for borrowing
zorn 16.42 the anger 5. no evidence for borrowing
nîd 16.44 the envy or jealousy 5. no evidence for borrowing
scama 16.45 the shame 5. no evidence for borrowing
stolz 16.48 proud 5. no evidence for borrowing
baldên 16.51 to dare 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuoni 16.52 brave 5. no evidence for borrowing
angust 16.53 the fear 5. no evidence for borrowing
zâla 16.54 the danger 5. no evidence for borrowing
wunsken 16.62 to want 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiosan 16.622 to choose 5. no evidence for borrowing
dingen 16.63 to hope 5. no evidence for borrowing
triuwi 16.65 faithful 5. no evidence for borrowing
wâr 16.66 true 5. no evidence for borrowing
liogan 16.67 to lie(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
bitrog 16.68 the deceit 5. no evidence for borrowing
firgeban 16.69 to forgive 5. no evidence for borrowing
guot 16.71 good 5. no evidence for borrowing
ubil 16.72 bad 5. no evidence for borrowing
reht 16.73 right(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
unreht 16.74 wrong 5. no evidence for borrowing
sculd 16.76 the fault 5. no evidence for borrowing
missitât 16.77 the mistake 5. no evidence for borrowing
drawa 16.78 the blame 5. no evidence for borrowing
lob 16.79 the praise 5. no evidence for borrowing
scôni 16.81 beautiful 5. no evidence for borrowing
hazlîh 16.82 ugly 5. no evidence for borrowing
girîg 16.83 greedy 5. no evidence for borrowing
wîsi 16.84 clever 5. no evidence for borrowing
geist 17.11 the mind 5. no evidence for borrowing
denken 17.13 to think(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
meinen 17.14 to think(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
gilouben 17.15 to believe 5. no evidence for borrowing
firstantan 17.16 to understand 5. no evidence for borrowing
wizzan 17.17 to know 5. no evidence for borrowing
râtan 17.171 to guess 5. no evidence for borrowing
bilidôn 17.172 to imitate 5. no evidence for borrowing
gidunken 17.18 to seem 5. no evidence for borrowing
gidank 17.19 the idea 5. no evidence for borrowing
wîsi 17.21 wise 5. no evidence for borrowing
tumb 17.22 stupid 5. no evidence for borrowing
ursinnig 17.23 mad 5. no evidence for borrowing
lernên, lirnên 17.24 to learn 5. no evidence for borrowing
lêren 17.25 to teach 5. no evidence for borrowing
jungiro 17.26 the pupil 5. no evidence for borrowing
lêrâri 17.27