Kildin Saami Vocabulary

by Michael Rießler

The vocabulary contains 1473 meaning-word pairs from the recipient language Kildin Saami. The corresponding text chapter was published in the book Loanwords in the World's Languages. The language page Kildin Saami contains a list of all loanwords arranged by donor languoid.

Word LWT Code Meaning Borrowed Status Original Script Source Words
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Word

The word is given in the usual orthography or transcription, and in the usual citation form.

Click on a word to get even more information than is shown in this table.

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LWT Code

The Loanword Typology code is the identifier of the Loanword Typology meaning. Sorting by LWT Code sorts the words thematically by semantic field.

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Meaning

This column shows the labels of the Loanword Typology meanings. By clicking on a meaning label, you get more information about the meaning, as well as a list of all words that are counterparts of that meaning.

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Borrowed Status

There are five borrowed statuses, reflecting decreasing likelihood that the word is a loanword:

  1. clearly borrowed
  2. probably borrowed
  3. perhaps borrowed
  4. very little evidence for borrowing
  5. no evidence for borrowing
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Original Script

This gives the usual written form for languages that do not use the Latin script.

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Source Words

For (possible) loanwords, this column shows the words in the source languages that served as models.

ēllmannt 1.1 the world 5. no evidence for borrowing э̄ллманнт
mɨrr 1.1 the world 1. clearly borrowed мырр
jēmm’n’e 1.21 the land 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ммьне
lavv’n 1.212 the soil 5. no evidence for borrowing лаввьн
puenn 1.213 the dust 5. no evidence for borrowing пуэнн
njivv’l 1.214 the mud 5. no evidence for borrowing ниввьл
vūntas 1.215 the sand 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯнтас
pāhk’ 1.22 the mountain or hill 2. probably borrowed пāһкь
urr’t 1.222 the cliff or precipice 5. no evidence for borrowing уррьт
pueš’en’ 1.23 the plain 5. no evidence for borrowing пуэшенҍ
poal’a 1.23 the plain 1. clearly borrowed поаля
vūmm’ 1.24 the valley 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯммь
liegk’ 1.24 the valley 5. no evidence for borrowing ле̄гкь
liek’š 1.24 the valley 5. no evidence for borrowing ле̄кьш
suel 1.25 the island 2. probably borrowed суэл
mōnter 1.26 the mainland 5. no evidence for borrowing мо̄нтэр
rɨnnt 1.27 the shore 1. clearly borrowed рыннт
kānn’t 1.27 the shore 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄ннҍт
vueŋŋk 1.28 the cave 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэӈӈк
čāʒ’ 1.31 the water 5. no evidence for borrowing ча̄дзь
mierr 1.32 the sea 1. clearly borrowed ме̄рр
kuellh’k 1.322 calm 5. no evidence for borrowing куэӆӆьк
šēŋŋ 1.323 rough(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing шэ̄ӈӈ
sōppt 1.324 the foam 4. very little evidence for borrowing со̄ппт
ak’eán 1.329 the ocean 1. clearly borrowed акеан
jāvv’r 1.33 the lake 2. probably borrowed я̄ввьр
vūnn 1.34 the bay 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯнн
lūxxt 1.34 the bay 2. probably borrowed лӯххт
lagúna 1.341 the lagoon 5. no evidence for borrowing лагуна
kuerrk 1.342 the reef 5. no evidence for borrowing куэррк
njoarrk 1.343 the cape 5. no evidence for borrowing нёаррк
nēmmp 1.35 the wave 5. no evidence for borrowing нэ̄ммп
cuegk’ ja aʒ’ 1.352 the tide 5. no evidence for borrowing цуэгкь я адзь
cuegk’ 1.353 the low tide 5. no evidence for borrowing цуэгкь
tivvt čāʒ’ 1.354 the high tide 5. no evidence for borrowing тиввт ча̄дзь
aʒ’ 1.354 the high tide 2. probably borrowed адзь
jōgk 1.36 the river or stream 5. no evidence for borrowing ё̄гк
vɨrr 1.362 the whirlpool 5. no evidence for borrowing вырр
čāʒ’-čullm 1.362 the whirlpool 5. no evidence for borrowing ча̄дзь-чуллм
kājjv 1.37 the spring or well 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄ййв
lāmm’p 1.38 the swamp 5. no evidence for borrowing ла̄ммьп
kūššk 1.39 the waterfall 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯшшк
vārr’ 1.41 the woods or forest 5. no evidence for borrowing ва̄ррь
savánna 1.411 the savanna 5. no evidence for borrowing саванна
mūrr 1.43 the wood 5. no evidence for borrowing мӯрр
kiedd’k 1.44 the stone or rock 5. no evidence for borrowing ке̄ддҍк
jēmm’n’e-pušštnehk’ 1.45 the earthquake 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ммьне-пушштнэһкь
all’m 1.51 the sky 5. no evidence for borrowing алльм
piejjv 1.52 the sun 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ййв
mānn 1.53 the moon 2. probably borrowed ма̄нн
tāss’t 1.54 the star 5. no evidence for borrowing тāссьт
tīr’m’es’-ŋull 1.55 the lightning 5. no evidence for borrowing тӣрьмесь-нюлл
čārrke 1.56 the thunder 5. no evidence for borrowing ча̄рркэ
tīr’mes’ 1.56 the thunder 5. no evidence for borrowing тӣрьмэсь
tōllkassk 1.57 the bolt of lightning 5. no evidence for borrowing то̄ллкасск
pōrrk 1.58 the storm 5. no evidence for borrowing по̄ррк
tīr’mes’-jūkks 1.59 the rainbow 5. no evidence for borrowing тӣрьмесь-ю̄ккс
čūvv 1.61 the light 5. no evidence for borrowing чӯвв
sievv’n 1.62 the darkness 5. no evidence for borrowing се̄ввьн
kɨvv’n 1.63 the shade or shadow 5. no evidence for borrowing кыввьн
lapp’s 1.64 the dew 5. no evidence for borrowing лаппьс
vūjnas 1.71 the air 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯйнас
pīŋŋk 1.72 the wind 5. no evidence for borrowing пӣӈӈк
pēvvl 1.73 the cloud 5. no evidence for borrowing пэ̄ввл
cīgk 1.74 the fog 5. no evidence for borrowing цӣгк
ābb’r 1.75 the rain 2. probably borrowed а̄ббьр
vēʒ 1.76 the snow 5. no evidence for borrowing вэ̄дз
īŋŋ 1.77 the ice 5. no evidence for borrowing ӣӈӈ
voafsxess 1.771 the arctic lights 2. probably borrowed воафсхэсс
kall’me 1.775 to freeze 2. probably borrowed калльмэ
jērrk 1.78 the weather 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ррк
tōll 1.81 the fire 5. no evidence for borrowing то̄лл
tōlnjūxxčem’ 1.82 the flame 5. no evidence for borrowing то̄лню̄ххчемь
sūvv 1.83 the smoke 5. no evidence for borrowing сӯвв
poarr 1.831 the steam 1. clearly borrowed поарр
kunn 1.84 the ash 2. probably borrowed кунн
ɨlas 1.841 the embers 2. probably borrowed ылас
puell’te 1.851 to burn(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing пуэлльтэ
pūll’e 1.852 to burn(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing пӯлле
puell’te 1.86 to light 5. no evidence for borrowing пуэлльтэ
čuacckte 1.861 to extinguish 5. no evidence for borrowing чуаццктэ
spička 1.87 the match 5. no evidence for borrowing спичка
mūrr 1.88 the firewood 5. no evidence for borrowing мӯрр
ɨll 1.89 the charcoal 2. probably borrowed ылл
mūrr-ɨll 1.89 the charcoal 5. no evidence for borrowing мӯрр-ылл
olma 2.1 the person 2. probably borrowed олма
oalmolma 2.21 the man 5. no evidence for borrowing оалмолма
nɨzan 2.22 the woman 5. no evidence for borrowing нызан
oalmolma- 2.23 male(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing оалмолма-
nɨzan- 2.24 female(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing нызан-
pārr’ša 2.25 the boy 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄ррьн
pārr’n 2.251 the young man 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄ррьшя
nījta 2.26 the girl 5. no evidence for borrowing нӣйта
nījjt 2.261 the young woman 5. no evidence for borrowing нӣййт
pārnenč 2.27 the child(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄рнэнч
pārnenč 2.28 the baby 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄рнэнч
kūjj 2.31 the husband 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯйй
koab 2.32 the wife 5. no evidence for borrowing коаб
āhk’ 2.32 the wife 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄һкь
vɨjjte kūjje 2.33 to marry 5. no evidence for borrowing выййтэ кӯйе
nāim 2.34 the wedding 2. probably borrowed на̄им
roattkje 2.341 the divorce 5. no evidence for borrowing ро̄а̄тткъе
aǯ 2.35 the father 5. no evidence for borrowing аджь
jēnn’ 2.36 the mother 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ннҍ
rōd’x’el’ 2.37 the parents 1. clearly borrowed ро̄дҍхель
noajjhtma 2.38 the married man 5. no evidence for borrowing ноаҋҋтма
kūjes’ 2.39 the married woman 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯесь
all’k 2.41 the son 5. no evidence for borrowing алльк
nījjt 2.42 the daughter 5. no evidence for borrowing нӣййт
pārrne 2.43 the child(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄ррнэ
vīllj 2.44 the brother 5. no evidence for borrowing вӣлльй
puarsa vīllj 2.444 the older brother 5. no evidence for borrowing пуарса вӣлльй
nūra vīll’j 2.445 the younger brother 5. no evidence for borrowing нӯра вӣлльй
vuerr’pen’ 2.45 the sister 2. probably borrowed вуэррьпэнҍ
puarsa vuerr’pen’ 2.454 the older sister 5. no evidence for borrowing пуарса вуэррьпэнҍ
nūra vuerr’pen’ 2.455 the younger sister 5. no evidence for borrowing нӯра вуэррьпэнҍ
vuerr’pen’ ja vīlj 2.456 the sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэррьпэнҍ я вӣльй
jūm’ehk 2.458 the twins 4. very little evidence for borrowing ю̄меһк
ajj 2.46 the grandfather 5. no evidence for borrowing айй
kāll’es’ 2.461 the old man 1. clearly borrowed ка̄ллесь
oahka 2.47 the grandmother 5. no evidence for borrowing оаһка
āka 2.47 the grandmother 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄ка
āka 2.471 the old woman 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄ка
āhk’ 2.471 the old woman 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄һкь
āhkev 2.48 the grandson 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄һкэв
ājjev 2.49 the granddaughter 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄йев
ājjev 2.5 the grandchild 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄йев
āhkev 2.5 the grandchild 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄һкэв
īnn (1) 2.51 the uncle 5. no evidence for borrowing ӣнн
čieʒ’ 2.51 the uncle 5. no evidence for borrowing че̄дзь
jēgk’ 2.51 the uncle 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄гкь
jēgk’ 2.512 the father's brother 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄гкь
sīss’ 2.52 the aunt 5. no evidence for borrowing сӣссь
kuess’k 2.52 the aunt 5. no evidence for borrowing куэсськ
kuess’k 2.521 the mother's sister 5. no evidence for borrowing куэсськ
mūdt 2.522 the father's sister 5. no evidence for borrowing мӯдт
pl’eménihk 2.53 the nephew 1. clearly borrowed племэниһк
neapaj 2.53 the nephew 1. clearly borrowed няпай
pl’eménihk 2.54 the niece 1. clearly borrowed племэниһк
vīll’j-piell’ 2.55 the cousin 5. no evidence for borrowing вилльй-пе̄лль
vuerr’-piell’ 2.55 the cousin 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэррь-пе̄лль
mādter 2.56 the ancestors 5. no evidence for borrowing ма̄дтэр
vūffp 2.61 the father-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯффп
vūhp 2.611 the father-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯһп
vūnn’ 2.62 the mother-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯннҍ
vūnn’ 2.621 the mother-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯннҍ
zeaht’ 2.63 the son-in-law (of a man) 1. clearly borrowed зя̄һтҍ
vɨvv 2.63 the son-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing вывв
vɨvv 2.631 the son-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing вывв
zeaht’ 2.631 the son-in-law (of a woman) 1. clearly borrowed зя̄һтҍ
kūim 2.64 the daughter-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯим
mannj 2.641 the daughter-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing маннь
vuennj 2.6412 the sibling-in-law 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэннь
āǯ-piell’ 2.71 the stepfather 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄джь-пе̄лль
jēnn’-piell’ 2.72 the stepmother 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ннҍ-пе̄лль
all’k-piell’ 2.73 the stepson 5. no evidence for borrowing алльк-пе̄лль
nījjt-piell’ 2.74 the stepdaughter 5. no evidence for borrowing нӣййт-пе̄лль
až’xem-jēn’xem 2.75 the orphan 5. no evidence for borrowing ажьхэм-е̄нҍхэм
liessk 2.76 the widow 2. probably borrowed ле̄сск
liessk-āhk’ 2.76 the widow 5. no evidence for borrowing ле̄сск-а̄һкь
liessk-kāll’es’ 2.77 the widower 5. no evidence for borrowing ле̄сск-ка̄ллесь
rōdt 2.81 the relatives 1. clearly borrowed ро̄дт
pīras 2.82 the family 2. probably borrowed пӣрас
munn 2.91 I 5. no evidence for borrowing мунн
tōnn 2.92 you (singular) 5. no evidence for borrowing то̄нн
sōnn 2.93 he/she/it 5. no evidence for borrowing со̄нн
mɨjj 2.94 we 5. no evidence for borrowing мыйй
tɨjj 2.95 you (plural) 5. no evidence for borrowing тыйй
sɨjj 2.96 they 5. no evidence for borrowing сыйй
žɨva 3.11 the animal 1. clearly borrowed жыва
oar’es’ 3.12 male(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing оаресь
niŋŋless 3.13 female(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing ниӈӈлэсс
kuedt’-žɨva 3.15 the livestock 5. no evidence for borrowing куэдтҍ-жыва
karall’ 3.16 the pasture 1. clearly borrowed каралль
pɨ̄nnej 3.18 the herdsman 5. no evidence for borrowing пынней
lieff 3.19 the stable or stall 1. clearly borrowed ле̅фф
< hlaiw (Gothic )
šūrr nāvv’t 3.2 the cattle 5. no evidence for borrowing шӯрр на̄ввьт
oar’es’-līx’em’ 3.21 the bull 5. no evidence for borrowing оаресь-лӣхемь
jērr’k 3.22 the ox 1. clearly borrowed е̄ррьк
līx’em’ 3.23 the cow 1. clearly borrowed лӣхемь
līx’еm’-alka 3.24 the calf 5. no evidence for borrowing лӣхемь-алка
lām’pes’ 3.25 the sheep 1. clearly borrowed ла̄мьпэсь
oar’es’-lām’pes’ 3.26 the ram 5. no evidence for borrowing оаресь-ла̄мьпесь
lām’pes’ 3.28 the ewe 1. clearly borrowed ла̄мьпэсь
lām’pes’-alka 3.29 the lamb 5. no evidence for borrowing ла̄мьпесь-алка
kabán 3.32 the boar 5. no evidence for borrowing кабан
jēnn’-šagk’ 3.34 the sow 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ннҍ-шагкь
šagk’ 3.35 the pig 1. clearly borrowed шагкь
koaza 3.36 the goat 1. clearly borrowed коаза
oar’es’-koaza 3.37 the he-goat 5. no evidence for borrowing оаресь-коаза
koaza-alka 3.38 the kid 5. no evidence for borrowing коаза-алка
jēbaš’ 3.41 the horse 2. probably borrowed е̄башь
oar’es’-jēb’eš’ 3.42 the stallion 5. no evidence for borrowing оаресь-е̄бешь
niŋŋless jēb’eš’ 3.44 the mare 5. no evidence for borrowing ниӈӈлэсс е̄бешь
jēb’eš’-alkа 3.45 the foal or colt 5. no evidence for borrowing ēбешь-алка
ōss’el 3.46 the donkey 1. clearly borrowed о̄ссел
kuedt’-loann’t 3.5 the fowl 5. no evidence for borrowing куэдтҍ-лоаннҍт
piettex 3.52 the cock/rooster 1. clearly borrowed петтэх
kānn’ 3.54 the hen 1. clearly borrowed ка̄ннҍ
kānn’-pura 3.55 the chicken 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄ннҍ-пура
čuenj 3.56 the goose 2. probably borrowed чуэнь
čāʒ’-loann’t 3.57 the duck 5. no evidence for borrowing ча̄дзь-лоаннҍт
čūrrh’š 3.57 the duck 5. no evidence for borrowing чӯҏҏьш
piess’ 3.58 the nest 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ссь
loann’t 3.581 the bird 5. no evidence for borrowing лоаннҍт
čābar 3.582 the seagull 5. no evidence for borrowing ча̅бар
kuec’kem’ 3.584 the eagle 5. no evidence for borrowing куэцькэмь
vāll’ 3.585 the hawk 2. probably borrowed ва̄лль
kɨrr’tej-sāhpliŋk 3.591 the bat 5. no evidence for borrowing кыррьтэй-са̄һплиӈӈк
sārnem-loann’t 3.592 the parrot 5. no evidence for borrowing са̄рнэм-лоаннҍт
kār’nes’ 3.593 the crow 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄рьнэсь
čoafen 3.596 the owl 5. no evidence for borrowing чоафэн
kārrv 3.597 the cormorant 1. clearly borrowed ка̄ррв
pienne 3.61 the dog 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ннэ
njuemmel’ 3.614 the rabbit 5. no evidence for borrowing нюэммель
koass 3.62 the cat 1. clearly borrowed коасс
sāhpliŋk 3.63 the mouse or rat 5. no evidence for borrowing са̄һплиӈӈк
kūll’ 3.65 the fish 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯлль
viepp’s 3.652 the fin 5. no evidence for borrowing ве̄ппьс
čūmm 3.653 the scale 5. no evidence for borrowing чӯмм
suvv’t 3.654 the gill 2. probably borrowed суввьт
kāllh’č 3.655 the shell 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄ӆӆьч
āhkliŋk 3.661 the shark 2. probably borrowed а̄һклиӈк
nɨšš 3.662 the porpoise or dolphin 2. probably borrowed нышш
vāl’es’ 3.663 the whale 1. clearly borrowed ва̄лесь
pal’tes’ 3.71 the wolf 5. no evidence for borrowing пальтэсь
nāvv’t 3.71 the wolf 2. probably borrowed на̄ввьт
skumm’p 3.71 the wolf 4. very little evidence for borrowing скуммьп
lievv 3.72 the lion 1. clearly borrowed левв
tāll 3.73 the bear 1. clearly borrowed та̄лл
rīmm’n 3.74 the fox 5. no evidence for borrowing рӣммьн
koan’t 3.75 the deer 5. no evidence for borrowing коанҍт
ab’ezjána 3.76 the monkey 5. no evidence for borrowing абезьяна
slonn 3.77 the elephant 1. clearly borrowed слонн
vierbl’ud 3.78 the camel 5. no evidence for borrowing ве̄рблюд
žɨva 3.81 the insect 1. clearly borrowed жыва
tɨhk’ 3.811 the head louse 5. no evidence for borrowing тыһкь
tɨhk’ 3.8112 the body louse 5. no evidence for borrowing тыһкь
čivvras 3.812 the nit 5. no evidence for borrowing чивврас
pienne-tɨhk’ 3.813 the flea 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ннэ-тыһкь
jēnas-jūll’k 3.814 the centipede 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄нас-ю̄лльк
toarkan 3.816 the cockroach 1. clearly borrowed тоаркан
kōttk 3.817 the ant 5. no evidence for borrowing ко̄ттк
oaz (1) 3.818 the spider 5. no evidence for borrowing оаз
jevneš 3.818 the spider 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄внэш
oaʒe sājjm 3.819 the spider web 5. no evidence for borrowing оадзэ са̄ййм
miedаš 3.82 the bee 5. no evidence for borrowing ме̄даш
veazvušk-tārr’v 3.821 the beeswax 5. no evidence for borrowing вязвушк-та̄ррьв
veazvušk-piess’ 3.822 the beehive 5. no evidence for borrowing вязвушк-пе̄ссь
veazveš 3.823 the wasp 1. clearly borrowed вязвэш
čueraš 3.83 the fly 5. no evidence for borrowing чуэраш
mieg’er’ 3.831 the sandfly or midge or gnat 5. no evidence for borrowing ме̄герь
čūššk 3.832 the mosquito 5. no evidence for borrowing чӯшшк
rāhk 3.833 the prawns or shrimp 1. clearly borrowed ра̄һк
mādt 3.84 the worm 1. clearly borrowed ма̄дт
kūvv’t 3.85 the snake 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯввьт
kajót 3.862 the coyote 5. no evidence for borrowing койот
njuemmel’ 3.863 the hare 5. no evidence for borrowing нюэммель
jenót 3.866 the raccoon 5. no evidence for borrowing энот
vuerr’ev 3.869 the squirrel 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэррев
puaz 3.871 the reindeer/caribou 5. no evidence for borrowing пуаз
sērrv 3.872 the elk/moose 2. probably borrowed сэ̄ррв
mājjek 3.873 the beaver 5. no evidence for borrowing ма̄йек
keŋgurú 3.88 the kangaroo 5. no evidence for borrowing кэнгуру
murav’éd 3.89 the anteater 5. no evidence for borrowing муравьед
jāguar 3.9 the jaguar 5. no evidence for borrowing я̄гуар
pɨlh’kej-čūššk 3.91 the firefly 5. no evidence for borrowing пыӆькэй-чӯшшк
xam’el’ón 3.913 the chameleon 5. no evidence for borrowing хамелеон
zubr 3.917 the buffalo 5. no evidence for borrowing зубр
āll’p 3.92 the butterfly 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄лльп
sūjjn-njuččkej 3.93 the grasshopper 5. no evidence for borrowing сӯййн-нюччкэй
cuemp 3.95 the frog 2. probably borrowed цуэмп
tiejnčliŋk 3.96 the lizard 5. no evidence for borrowing те̄йнчлиӈк
krokadíl 3.97 the crocodile or alligator 5. no evidence for borrowing крокадил
tapīr 3.99 the tapir 5. no evidence for borrowing тапир
roaŋŋ’k 4.11 the body 5. no evidence for borrowing роаӈӈҍк
tūllj 4.12 the skin or hide 5. no evidence for borrowing тӯлльй
vuennč 4.13 the flesh 2. probably borrowed вуэннч
vūppt 4.14 the hair 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯппт
seam 4.142 the beard 5. no evidence for borrowing ся̄м
sefs 4.144 the body hair 5. no evidence for borrowing сэфс
sipp 4.145 the pubic hair 5. no evidence for borrowing сипп
kēnn 4.146 the dandruff 2. probably borrowed кэ̄нн
vērr 4.15 the blood 5. no evidence for borrowing вэ̄рр
vērr-sūnn 4.151 the vein or artery 5. no evidence for borrowing вэ̄рр-сӯнн
sūnn 4.151 the vein or artery 2. probably borrowed сӯнн
tāxx’t 4.16 the bone 5. no evidence for borrowing та̄ххьт
jērrh’t-tāxx’t 4.162 the rib 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ҏҏьт-та̄ххьт
čuerr’v 4.17 the horn 2. probably borrowed чуэррьв
siejjp 4.18 the tail 5. no evidence for borrowing се̄ййп
siell’k 4.19 the back 2. probably borrowed се̄лльк
čōla 4.191 the spine 5. no evidence for borrowing чо̄ла
vuejjv 4.2 the head 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэййв
rūdt’e-piell’ 4.201 the temples 5. no evidence for borrowing рӯдтӭ-пе̄лль
vuejjv-kābp’ 4.202 the skull 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэййв-ка̄бпь
ēd 4.203 the brain 5. no evidence for borrowing э̄д
kāssv 4.204 the face 1. clearly borrowed ка̄ссв
vuehc’ 4.205 the forehead 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэһць
vuallneš 4.207 the jaw 5. no evidence for borrowing вуаллнешш
nīrr 4.208 the cheek 5. no evidence for borrowing нӣрр
kājjp 4.209 the chin 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄ййп
čall’m 4.21 the eye 5. no evidence for borrowing чалльм
kull’m 4.212 the eyebrow 2. probably borrowed кулльм
čall’m-rūmtas 4.213 the eyelid 5. no evidence for borrowing чалльм-рӯмтас
riemas 4.214 the eyelash 1. clearly borrowed ре̄ммас
cɨrmšuvve 4.215 to blink 5. no evidence for borrowing цырмшуввэ
piellj 4.22 the ear 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄лльй
piellj-kiedt’k 4.221 the earlobe 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄лльй-ке̄дтҍк
kāss’ 4.222 the earwax 2. probably borrowed ка̄ссь
njunn’ 4.23 the nose 5. no evidence for borrowing нюннҍ
sērrem 4.231 the nostril 5. no evidence for borrowing се̄ррэм
rēgk’ 4.232 the nasal mucus 5. no evidence for borrowing ре̄гкь
njāll’m 4.24 the mouth 5. no evidence for borrowing ня̄лльм
njunn’ 4.241 the beak 5. no evidence for borrowing нюннҍ
piefs 4.25 the lip 5. no evidence for borrowing пэ̄фс
njuxčem’ 4.26 the tongue 5. no evidence for borrowing нюхчемь
pānn’ 4.27 the tooth 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄ннҍ
ellân 4.271 the gums 5. no evidence for borrowing эллэн
moant-pannj 4.272 the molar tooth 5. no evidence for borrowing моант-паннь
čāpex 4.28 the neck 5. no evidence for borrowing ча̄пэх
nɨšš’k 4.281 the nape of the neck 2. probably borrowed нышшьк
čont 4.29 the throat 5. no evidence for borrowing чонт
vuell’k 4.3 the shoulder 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэлльк
lūbp’ 4.301 the shoulderblade 4. very little evidence for borrowing лӯбпь
vuеll’k-taхх’t 4.302 the collarbone 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэлльк-таххьт
kīdt 4.31 the arm 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣдт
kajnal 4.312 the armpit 5. no evidence for borrowing кайнал
kar’nel’ 4.32 the elbow 5. no evidence for borrowing карьнэль
kīdt-lābp’ 4.321 the wrist 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣдт-ла̄бпь
kīdt 4.33 the hand 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣдт
kīdt-koalldegk 4.331 the palm of the hand 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣдт-коаллдэгк
kuemm’er’ 4.331 the palm of the hand 5. no evidence for borrowing куэммерь
ciehp 4.34 the finger 5. no evidence for borrowing цēһп
piell’k 4.342 the thumb 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄лльк
kēnnc 4.344 the fingernail 5. no evidence for borrowing кэ̄ннц
kēnnc 4.345 the claw 5. no evidence for borrowing кэ̄ннц
jūll’k 4.35 the leg 5. no evidence for borrowing ю̄лльк
čuarr-piell’ 4.351 the thigh 5. no evidence for borrowing чуарр-пе̄лль
piecck 4.352 the calf of the leg 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ццк
pūvvl 4.36 the knee 2. probably borrowed пӯввл
jūll’k 4.37 the foot 5. no evidence for borrowing ю̄лльк
kuemmer’ 4.371 the ankle 5. no evidence for borrowing куэммерь
kānnt 4.372 the heel 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄ннт
jūll’k-kīj 4.374 the footprint 5. no evidence for borrowing ю̄лльк-кӣй
jūll’k-ciehp 4.38 the toe 5. no evidence for borrowing ю̄лльк-це̄һп
suejj 4.392 the wing 5. no evidence for borrowing суэйй
pōnnc 4.393 the feather 5. no evidence for borrowing по̄ннц
mīllk 4.4 the chest 5. no evidence for borrowing мӣллк
ninnč 4.41 the breast 5. no evidence for borrowing ниннч
rann’t 4.41 the breast 5. no evidence for borrowing раннҍт
vuajva 4.412 the nipple or teat 5. no evidence for borrowing вуайва
ninnč 4.42 the udder 5. no evidence for borrowing ниннч
nābp’ 4.43 the navel 1. clearly borrowed на̄бпь
čuejjv 4.431 the belly 5. no evidence for borrowing чуэййв
kūtt’k 4.44 the heart 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯттьк
sārr’t 4.44 the heart 2. probably borrowed са̄ррьт
kiehp’ness 4.441 the lung 5. no evidence for borrowing ке̄һпьнэсс
vūjvas 4.45 the liver 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯйвас
man’em’-čall’m 4.451 the kidney 5. no evidence for borrowing манӭмь-чалльм
tāmm’p 4.452 the spleen 5. no evidence for borrowing та̄ммьп
čuejjv 4.46 the stomach 5. no evidence for borrowing чуэййв
toaŋŋ’k 4.46 the stomach 5. no evidence for borrowing тоаӈӈьк
čuell’ 4.461 the intestines or guts 2. probably borrowed чуэлль
roaŋŋ’k 4.462 the waist 5. no evidence for borrowing роаӈӈҍк
čuarr-piell’ 4.463 the hip 5. no evidence for borrowing чуарр-пе̄лль
čuarr-piell’ 4.464 the buttocks 5. no evidence for borrowing чуарр-пе̄лль
pūŋŋ 4.47 the womb 2. probably borrowed пӯӈӈ
kūll 4.49 the testicles 2. probably borrowed кӯлл
pūdc 4.492 the penis 5. no evidence for borrowing пӯдц
ciennrājjk 4.493 the vagina 5. no evidence for borrowing ценнра̄ййк
cienn 4.494 the vulva 5. no evidence for borrowing ценн
kunn’ 4.494 the vulva 5. no evidence for borrowing куннҍ
vūjjne 4.51 to breathe 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯййнэ
āmm’se 4.52 to yawn 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄ммьсэ
šlēhkle 4.521 to hiccough 2. probably borrowed шлэ̄һклэ
kosse (1) 4.53 to cough 5. no evidence for borrowing коссэ
kašš’ne 4.54 to sneeze 5. no evidence for borrowing кашшьнэ
pīvvse 4.55 to perspire 5. no evidence for borrowing пӣввсэ
čōllke 4.56 to spit 5. no evidence for borrowing чо̄ллкэ
vukk’se 4.57 to vomit 5. no evidence for borrowing вуккьсэ
kācc’ke 4.58 to bite 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄ццькэ
njualle 4.59 to lick 5. no evidence for borrowing нюаллэ
šoajval 4.591 to dribble 5. no evidence for borrowing шоайвал
vuedt’e 4.61 to sleep 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэдтӭ
nager’ 4.61 to sleep 5. no evidence for borrowing нагерь
korse 4.612 to snore 5. no evidence for borrowing корсэ
nager’ 4.62 to dream 5. no evidence for borrowing нагерь
ruekxe 4.63 to wake up 5. no evidence for borrowing руэкхэ
pūcke 4.64 to fart 5. no evidence for borrowing пӯцкэ
kōnnče 4.65 to piss 5. no evidence for borrowing ко̄ннче
pāšš’ke 4.66 to shit 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄шшькэ
narr’ke 4.67 to have sex 5. no evidence for borrowing наррькэ
kɨrr’te 4.68 to shiver 5. no evidence for borrowing кыррьтэ
vūjnedte 4.69 to bathe 5. no evidence for borrowing ву̅йнэдтэ
lehke 4.71 to beget 5. no evidence for borrowing лэһкэ
šēnnte 4.72 to be born 1. clearly borrowed шэ̄ннтэ
jāras 4.73 pregnant 5. no evidence for borrowing я̄рас
pūŋŋluvve 4.732 to conceive 5. no evidence for borrowing пӯӈӈлуввэ
jēllej 4.74 to be alive 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ллей
jāl 4.741 the life 5. no evidence for borrowing я̄л
joamm’e 4.75 to die 5. no evidence for borrowing ёамме
soarr’m 4.7501 dead 2. probably borrowed соаррьм
kēccke 4.751 to drown 5. no evidence for borrowing kэ̄ццкэ
koann’te 4.76 to kill 5. no evidence for borrowing коаннҍтэ
joam-molma 4.77 the corpse 5. no evidence for borrowing ёамм-олма
roaŋŋ’k 4.771 the carcass 5. no evidence for borrowing роаӈӈҍк
rūhk’e 4.78 to bury 5. no evidence for borrowing рӯһке
kāll’m 4.79 the grave 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄лльм
roavas 4.81 strong 5. no evidence for borrowing роавас
raš’ 4.82 weak 5. no evidence for borrowing рашь
tīrvas 4.83 healthy 1. clearly borrowed тӣрвас
kēbp 4.84 sick/ill 1. clearly borrowed кэ̄бп
žoarr 4.841 the fever 1. clearly borrowed жоарр
pomčas 4.842 the goitre/goiter 5. no evidence for borrowing помчас
kēbp 4.843 the cold 1. clearly borrowed кэ̄бп
kēbp 4.844 the disease 1. clearly borrowed кэ̄бп
rānn’ 4.85 the wound or sore 2. probably borrowed ра̄ӊӊь
čūʒlemušš 4.852 the bruise 5. no evidence for borrowing чӯдзлэмушш
poaz 4.853 the swelling 5. no evidence for borrowing поаз
suvv 4.854 the itch 5. no evidence for borrowing сувв
suvve 4.8541 to scratch 5. no evidence for borrowing суввэ
čāʒ’-koplеgk 4.855 the blister 5. no evidence for borrowing ча̄дзь-коплэгк
rūmm’p 4.856 the boil 2. probably borrowed рӯммьп
sījj 4.857 the pus 5. no evidence for borrowing сӣйй
ārr’p 4.858 the scar 2. probably borrowed а̄ррьп
avv’-sajj 4.858 the scar 5. no evidence for borrowing аввь-сайй
lɨhce 4.86 to cure 5. no evidence for borrowing лыһцэ
lɨhcej 4.87 the physician 5. no evidence for borrowing лыһцей
loaddv 4.88 the medicine 5. no evidence for borrowing лоаддв
sull’em 4.89 the poison 5. no evidence for borrowing суллем
vīssma 4.91 tired 5. no evidence for borrowing вӣссма
vueŋŋe 4.912 to rest 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэӈӈэ
lāš’kes’ 4.92 lazy 5. no evidence for borrowing ла̅шькэсь
līšš 4.93 bald 1. clearly borrowed лӣшш
lexkle 4.94 lame 5. no evidence for borrowing лэхклэ
pielljxem 4.95 deaf 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄лльйхэм
mull’j 4.96 mute 5. no evidence for borrowing мулльй
čall’mxem 4.97 blind 5. no evidence for borrowing чалльмхэм
jugkma 4.98 drunk 5. no evidence for borrowing югкма
pāljаs 4.99 naked 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄льяс
pōrre 5.11 to eat 5. no evidence for borrowing по̄ррэ
pierrk 5.12 the food 1. clearly borrowed пе̄ррк
kɨpp’tma 5.121 cooked 5. no evidence for borrowing кыппьтма
njūcck 5.122 raw 5. no evidence for borrowing ню̄ццк
loannte 5.123 ripe 5. no evidence for borrowing лоаннтэ
ruenn 5.124 unripe 1. clearly borrowed руэнн
kūdc 5.125 rotten 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯдц
jugke 5.13 to drink 2. probably borrowed югкэ
njāllke 5.14 to be hungry 5. no evidence for borrowing ня̄ллкэ
njēll’k 5.141 the famine 4. very little evidence for borrowing не̄лльк
kōšške 5.15 to be thirsty 5. no evidence for borrowing ко̄шшкэ
njumme 5.16 to suck 5. no evidence for borrowing нюммэ
sūsske 5.18 to chew 5. no evidence for borrowing сӯсскэ
njīlle 5.181 to swallow 5. no evidence for borrowing нӣллэ
kak’se 5.19 to choke 5. no evidence for borrowing какьсэ
fīga 5.75 the fig 1. clearly borrowed кыппьтэ
tūllte 5.22 to boil 5. no evidence for borrowing тӯллтэ
kuerr’te 5.23 to roast or fry 5. no evidence for borrowing куэррьтэ
pāšš’te 5.24 to bake 2. probably borrowed па̄шшьтэ
piehc 5.25 the oven 1. clearly borrowed пе̄һц
kīmm’n 5.26 the pot 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣммьн
kīmm’n 5.27 the kettle 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣммьн
lātt’k 5.28 the pan 5. no evidence for borrowing ла̄ттҍк
oass’te 5.31 the dish 5. no evidence for borrowing оассьтэ
piekkarak 5.32 the plate 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ккарак
kārr’ 5.33 the bowl 1. clearly borrowed ка̄ррь
čāʒ’-kārr’ 5.34 the jug/pitcher 5. no evidence for borrowing ча̄дзь-ка̄ррь
nāhp’ 5.35 the cup 1. clearly borrowed на̄һпь
jūdt’ 5.36 the saucer 2. probably borrowed ю̄дтҍ
pas’tem’ 5.37 the spoon 5. no evidence for borrowing пасьтэмь
nɨjjp 5.38 the knife(1) 1. clearly borrowed ныййп
villk 5.39 the fork 1. clearly borrowed виллк
cɨpp’c 5.391 the tongs 2. probably borrowed цыппьц
pōrrmušš 5.41 the meal 5. no evidence for borrowing по̄ррмушш
īnces’-pierrk 5.42 the breakfast 5. no evidence for borrowing ӣнцэсь-пе̄ррк
piejjv-pierrk 5.43 the lunch 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ййв-пе̄ррк
piejjv-vearr 5.44 the dinner 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ййв-вя̄рр
jēk’es’-pierrk 5.45 the supper 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄кесь-пе̄ррк
čisste 5.46 to peel 1. clearly borrowed чисстэ
siejje 5.47 to sieve or to strain 1. clearly borrowed сейе
vēcckе 5.48 to scrape 5. no evidence for borrowing вэ̄ццкэ
vīrše 5.49 to stir or to mix 2. probably borrowed вӣршэ
liejjp 5.51 the bread 1. clearly borrowed ле̄ййп
vāšen’ 5.53 the dough 1. clearly borrowed ва̄шенҍ
šōttke 5.54 to knead 5. no evidence for borrowing шо̄тткэ
jāvv 5.55 the flour 2. probably borrowed я̄вв
mielle 5.56 to crush or to grind 5. no evidence for borrowing ме̄ллэ
miell 5.57 the mill 1. clearly borrowed ме̄лл
vuennč 5.61 the meat 2. probably borrowed вуэннч
kalpas 5.63 the sausage 1. clearly borrowed калпас
vearr 5.64 the soup 2. probably borrowed вя̄рр
limm 5.64 the soup 2. probably borrowed лимм
rāss’ 5.65 the vegetables 1. clearly borrowed ра̄ссь
fassel’ 5.66 the bean 1. clearly borrowed фассэль
kartoške 5.7 the potato 1. clearly borrowed картошкэ
šannt 5.71 the fruit 5. no evidence for borrowing шаннт
fīga 5.75 the fig 5. no evidence for borrowing фӣга
vɨnn’mūrrj 5.76 the grape 5. no evidence for borrowing выннҍмӯррьй
mūrrmūrr’j 5.76 the grape 5. no evidence for borrowing мӯррмӯррьй
or’ex 5.77 the nut 1. clearly borrowed орех
posnevūjj 5.79 the oil 5. no evidence for borrowing поснэвӯйй
vūjj 5.79 the oil 2. probably borrowed вуйй
pūjjt 5.791 the grease or fat 2. probably borrowed пӯййт
sūll’ 5.81 the salt 2. probably borrowed сӯлль
pierec 5.82 the pepper 1. clearly borrowed пе̄рэц
čōgk-pierec 5.821 the chili pepper 5. no evidence for borrowing чо̄гк-пе̄рэц
mīdt 5.84 the honey 2. probably borrowed мӣдт
sāxar 5.85 the sugar 1. clearly borrowed сāхар
mājjt 5.86 the milk 1. clearly borrowed ма̄ййт
lapp’se 5.87 to milk 1. clearly borrowed лаппьсэ
sɨrr 5.88 the cheese 1. clearly borrowed сырр
kuzvūjj 5.89 the butter 5. no evidence for borrowing кузвӯйй
jugkmušš 5.9 the drink 5. no evidence for borrowing югкмушш
mīdt-jugkmušš 5.91 the mead 5. no evidence for borrowing мӣдт-югкмушш
vɨnn’ 5.92 the wine 1. clearly borrowed выннҍ
pīva 5.93 the beer 1. clearly borrowed пӣва
jāvv 5.94 the fermented drink 2. probably borrowed я̄вв
mann’ 5.97 the egg 5. no evidence for borrowing маннҍ
ruxxk 5.971 the yolk 5. no evidence for borrowing руххк
cāgke 6.11 to put on 5. no evidence for borrowing ца̄гке
oaz (2) 6.12 the clothing or clothes 1. clearly borrowed оаз
kuarrеj 6.13 the tailor 5. no evidence for borrowing куаррэй
rɨbp’ex’ 6.21 the cloth 1. clearly borrowed рыбпехь
ull 6.22 the wool 1. clearly borrowed улл
lɨjjn 6.23 the linen 1. clearly borrowed лыййн
vāta 6.24 the cotton 1. clearly borrowed ва̄та
cullhk 6.25 the silk 1. clearly borrowed цуӆӆк
sārr’k 6.27 the felt 5. no evidence for borrowing са̄ррьк
sefs 6.28 the fur 5. no evidence for borrowing сэфс
šɨšš’en’ 6.29 the leather 5. no evidence for borrowing шышшенҍ
poanne 6.31 to spin 5. no evidence for borrowing поаннэ
noall’te 6.32 the spindle 2. probably borrowed ноалльтэ
parr’kte 6.33 to weave 5. no evidence for borrowing паррьктэ
kuarre 6.35 to sew 5. no evidence for borrowing куаррэ
nīvv’l 6.36 the needle(1) 1. clearly borrowed нӣввьл
vuerr’ 6.37 the awl 2. probably borrowed вуэррь
sūnn 6.38 the thread 2. probably borrowed сӯнн
cɨʒ 6.39 to dye 5. no evidence for borrowing цыдз
plašš 6.41 the cloak 1. clearly borrowed плашш
pončo 6.411 the poncho 5. no evidence for borrowing пончо
mācex 6.42 the (woman's) dress 5. no evidence for borrowing ма̄цэх
jupa 6.42 the (woman's) dress 5. no evidence for borrowing юпа
pall’te 6.43 the coat 1. clearly borrowed палльтэ
pājjt 6.44 the shirt 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄ййт
koavlas 6.45 the collar 5. no evidence for borrowing коавлас
sārfann 6.46 the skirt 1. clearly borrowed са̄рфанн
puffs 6.48 the trousers 1. clearly borrowed пуффс
suhk 6.49 the sock or stocking 1. clearly borrowed суһк
koame 6.51 the shoe 5. no evidence for borrowing коаммэ
sāhp’e 6.52 the boot 1. clearly borrowed са̄һпе
sāhp’e-koarrej 6.54 the shoemaker 5. no evidence for borrowing са̄һпе-коаррэй
kabp’er’ 6.55 the hat or cap 1. clearly borrowed кабперь
pueg’en’ 6.57 the belt 5. no evidence for borrowing пуэгенҍ
voahc 6.58 the glove 2. probably borrowed воаһц
kāssv-koahtess 6.59 the veil 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄ссв-коаһтэсс
kāllht 6.61 the pocket 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄ӆӆт
puall 6.62 the button 2. probably borrowed пуалл
saŋŋk 6.63 the pin 2. probably borrowed саӈӈк
vuejjv-nīvv’l 6.63 the pin 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэййв-нӣввьл
kɨrrj 6.71 the ornament or adornment 1. clearly borrowed кыррьй
čall’m-sūrmas 6.72 the jewel 5. no evidence for borrowing чалльм-сӯрмас
sūrmas 6.73 the ring 5. no evidence for borrowing сӯрмас
cuett’k 6.75 the necklace 5. no evidence for borrowing цуэттҍк
čall’m 6.76 the bead 5. no evidence for borrowing чалльм
riennh’k 6.77 the earring 1. clearly borrowed ре̄ӊӊьк
pier’ves’k 6.78 the headband or headdress 1. clearly borrowed пе̄рьвеськ
noso-rɨbp’ex’ 6.81 the handkerchief or rag 5. no evidence for borrowing носо-рыбпехь
oteral’nehk 6.82 the towel 1. clearly borrowed отеральнэһк
čoagk’ 6.91 the comb 2. probably borrowed чоагкь
čoagk’ 6.92 the brush 2. probably borrowed чоагкь
koass’ 6.921 the plait/braid 1. clearly borrowed коассь
vēcknedtem-nɨjjp 6.93 the razor 5. no evidence for borrowing вэ̄цкнэдтэм-ныййп
moažant 6.94 the ointment 2. probably borrowed моажант
mullh’t 6.95 the soap 2. probably borrowed муӆӆьт
zierkal 6.96 the mirror 1. clearly borrowed зе̄ркал
sav’ex’ 6.98 the snowshoe 5. no evidence for borrowing савехь
jēll’e 7.11 to live 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄лле
pērrht 7.12 the house 1. clearly borrowed пэ̄ҏҏт
kuedt’ 7.13 the hut 2. probably borrowed куэдтҍ
dača 7.131 the garden-house 1. clearly borrowed дача
čum 7.14 the tent 1. clearly borrowed чум
< tśom (Komi )
koavas 7.14 the tent 5. no evidence for borrowing коавас
kīnnt 7.15 the yard or court 2. probably borrowed кӣннт
kūxn’a 7.17 the cookhouse 1. clearly borrowed кухня
sōber-pērrht 7.18 the meeting house 5. no evidence for borrowing со̄бэр-пэ̄ҏҏт
komnata 7.21 the room 1. clearly borrowed комната
ukks 7.22 the door or gate 2. probably borrowed уккс
stuell’p 7.221 the doorpost 1. clearly borrowed стуэлльп
lōhk 7.23 the lock 1. clearly borrowed ло̄һк
lōhk 7.231 the latch or door-bolt 1. clearly borrowed ло̄һк
lōhk 7.232 the padlock 1. clearly borrowed ло̄һк
lōhk-čuevvt 7.24 the key 5. no evidence for borrowing ло̄һк-чуэввт
ehkan 7.25 the window 1. clearly borrowed эһкан
šall’t 7.26 the floor 2. probably borrowed шалльт
stienn 7.27 the wall 1. clearly borrowed сте̄нн
tāgk’ 7.31 the fireplace 5. no evidence for borrowing та̄гкь
kɨvvkan 7.32 the stove 2. probably borrowed кыввкан
riehpen’ 7.33 the chimney 5. no evidence for borrowing ре̄һпенҍ
liestvec 7.37 the ladder 1. clearly borrowed лествец
kroavaht 7.42 the bed 1. clearly borrowed кроаваһт
pōdešk 7.421 the pillow 1. clearly borrowed по̄дэшк
rānn 7.422 the blanket 2. probably borrowed ра̄нн
stūla 7.43 the chair 1. clearly borrowed стӯла
tuell’ 7.44 the table 1. clearly borrowed туэлль
lammp 7.45 the lamp or torch 1. clearly borrowed ламмп
tūvas 7.46 the candle 5. no evidence for borrowing тӯвас
ɨll’te 7.47 the shelf 2. probably borrowed ылльтэ
kārr’ 7.48 the trough 1. clearly borrowed ка̄ррь
pērrht-ēll’а 7.51 the roof 5. no evidence for borrowing пэ̄ҏҏт-э̄лля
ōllk 7.55 the beam 5. no evidence for borrowing о̄ллк
stuell’p 7.56 the post or pole 1. clearly borrowed стуэлльп
lūvv’t 7.57 the board 2. probably borrowed лӯввьт
arka 7.58 the arch 1. clearly borrowed арка
kam’enš’ik 7.61 the mason 5. no evidence for borrowing каменщик
kīrpehč 7.62 the brick 1. clearly borrowed кӣрпэһч
sɨjjt 7.65 the camp 4. very little evidence for borrowing сыййт
kuess’te 7.67 to tan 5. no evidence for borrowing куэссьтэ
līx’em’-pɨnnej 8.11 the farmer 5. no evidence for borrowing лӣхемь-пынней
poal’a 8.12 the field 1. clearly borrowed поаля
sād 8.13 the garden 1. clearly borrowed са̄д
riad 8.13 the garden 1. clearly borrowed ряд
jēm’n’et’ kuajjve 8.15 to cultivate 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ммьнетҍ куаййвэ
ājjt 8.16 the fence 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄ййт
vuejj 8.17 the ditch 1. clearly borrowed вуэйй
plūgk 8.21 to plough/plow 1. clearly borrowed плӯгк
koabp’ 8.212 the furrow 5. no evidence for borrowing коабпь
kurr 8.212 the furrow 2. probably borrowed курр
kuajjve 8.22 to dig 5. no evidence for borrowing куаййвэ
kuajjv 8.23 the spade 5. no evidence for borrowing куаййв
kuajjv 8.24 the shovel 5. no evidence for borrowing куаййв
motɨga 8.25 the hoe 5. no evidence for borrowing мотыга
vilɨ 8.26 the fork(2)/pitchfork 1. clearly borrowed вилы
grabl’a 8.27 the rake 1. clearly borrowed грабля
leašškem-nurr’ 8.29 the lasso 5. no evidence for borrowing ля̄шшкэм-нуррь
siejje 8.31 to sow 1. clearly borrowed сейе
siem 8.311 the seed 2. probably borrowed се̄м
kosse (2) 8.32 to mow 1. clearly borrowed коссэ
kōss 8.33 the sickle or scythe 1. clearly borrowed ко̄сс
tāgke 8.34 to thresh 5. no evidence for borrowing та̄гкэ
jāvv siem tahkem pērrht 8.35 the threshing-floor 5. no evidence for borrowing я̄вв се̄м таһкэм-пэ̄ҏҏт
šentnegk 8.41 the harvest 5. no evidence for borrowing шэнтнэгк
čūhpem 8.41 the harvest 5. no evidence for borrowing чӯһпэм
liejjp-sūjjn 8.42 the grain 5. no evidence for borrowing ле̄ййп-сӯййн
šienn’ 8.43 the wheat 1. clearly borrowed ше̄ннҍ
rōšš’ 8.45 the rye 1. clearly borrowed ро̄шшь
kaura 8.46 the oats 1. clearly borrowed каура
ovves’ 8.46 the oats 1. clearly borrowed оввесь
kukurúza 8.47 the maize/corn 5. no evidence for borrowing кукуруза
rīss 8.48 the rice 1. clearly borrowed рӣсс
rāss’ 8.51 the grass 1. clearly borrowed ра̄ссь
sūjjn 8.52 the hay 2. probably borrowed сӯййн
rāss’ 8.53 the plant 1. clearly borrowed ра̄ссь
pɨjje jēmm’nje 8.531 to plant 5. no evidence for borrowing пыйе е̄ммьнье
vuen’tes’ 8.54 the root 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэнҍтэсь
sūrr’ 8.55 the branch 5. no evidence for borrowing сӯррь
vuekk’s 8.55 the branch 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэккьс
lēsst 8.56 the leaf 2. probably borrowed лэ̄сст
rāss’ 8.57 the flower 1. clearly borrowed ра̄ссь
mūrr 8.6 the tree 5. no evidence for borrowing мӯрр
čērr’-mūrr 8.61 the oak 5. no evidence for borrowing че̄ррь-мӯрр
kīrr’e 8.63 the birch 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣрре
pēss’-mūrr 8.63 the birch 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ссь-мӯрр
suegk’ 8.63 the birch 5. no evidence for borrowing суэгкь
pieʒ’ 8.64 the pine 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄дзь
kūss 8.65 the fir 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯсс
vɨnn’-mūrr 8.67 the vine 5. no evidence for borrowing выннҍ-мӯрр
tābex 8.68 the tobacco 1. clearly borrowed та̄бэх
kūrre 8.69 to smoke 1. clearly borrowed кӯррэ
trupke 8.691 the pipe 1. clearly borrowed трупкэ
čūllt 8.72 the tree stump 5. no evidence for borrowing чӯллт
suegk’ 8.73 the tree trunk 5. no evidence for borrowing суэгкь
surr’-rɨsse 8.74 the forked branch 5. no evidence for borrowing суррь-рыссе
pārrhk 8.75 the bark 1. clearly borrowed па̄ҏҏк
kērr 8.75 the bark 5. no evidence for borrowing кэ̄рр
pēss’ 8.75 the bark 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ссь
sahp’ 8.76 the sap 5. no evidence for borrowing са̄һпь
pal’ma 8.81 the palm tree 5. no evidence for borrowing пальма
kokós 8.82 the coconut 5. no evidence for borrowing кокос
ruččkes’ pāll 8.83 the citrus fruit 5. no evidence for borrowing руччкесь па̄лл
banann 8.84 the banana 1. clearly borrowed бананн
batát 8.91 the sweet potato 5. no evidence for borrowing батат
šienn’ 8.911 the millet or sorghum 1. clearly borrowed ше̄ннҍ
njāl’kes’ kartoške 8.912 the yam 5. no evidence for borrowing ня̄лькэсь картошкэ
maniók 8.92 the cassava/manioc 5. no evidence for borrowing маниок
tɨkva 8.93 the gourd 1. clearly borrowed тыква
tɨkva 8.931 the pumpkin or squash 1. clearly borrowed тыква
bambúk 8.94 the bamboo 5. no evidence for borrowing бамбук
kūll’-sāhp’ 8.96 the fish poison 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯлль-са̄һпь
čōgk-rāss’ 8.97 the nettle 5. no evidence for borrowing чо̄гк-ра̄ссь
kūmpar 8.98 the mushroom 2. probably borrowed кӯмпар
lēsst-mūrr 8.991 the larch 5. no evidence for borrowing лэ̄сст-мӯрр
kuehcem’ 8.993 the needle(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing куэһцэмь
pācck 8.996 the cone 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄ццк
lɨhke 9.11 to do 2. probably borrowed лыһкэ
lɨhke 9.111 to make 2. probably borrowed лыһкэ
tujj 9.12 the work 1. clearly borrowed туйй
sojhte 9.14 to bend 5. no evidence for borrowing соҋтэ
moaʒte 9.15 to fold 5. no evidence for borrowing моадзтэ
kōrre 9.16 to tie 5. no evidence for borrowing ко̄ррэ
piess’te 9.161 to untie 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ссьтэ
cīp 9.18 the chain 1. clearly borrowed цӣп
nurr’ 9.19 the rope 1. clearly borrowed нӯррь
čūllm 9.192 the knot 5. no evidence for borrowing чӯллм
vasste 9.21 to strike or hit or beat 5. no evidence for borrowing васстэ
tāgke 9.211 to pound 5. no evidence for borrowing та̄гкэ
čūhpe 9.22 to cut 5. no evidence for borrowing чӯһпэ
vējje 9.22 to cut 5. no evidence for borrowing вэ̄йе
uc’ne 9.221 to cut down 5. no evidence for borrowing уцьнэ
tierrhpe 9.222 to chop 5. no evidence for borrowing те̄ҏҏпэ
čōhke 9.223 to stab 5. no evidence for borrowing чо̄һкэ
nɨjjp 9.23 the knife(2) 1. clearly borrowed ныййп
rūvv’t 9.24 the scissors or shears 2. probably borrowed рӯввьт
oakkše 9.25 the axe/ax 1. clearly borrowed оаккшэ
vierre 9.251 the adze 5. no evidence for borrowing веррэ
murr’te 9.26 to break 5. no evidence for borrowing муррьтэ
puattke 9.26 to break 5. no evidence for borrowing пуатткэ
murrtma 9.261 broken 5. no evidence for borrowing мурртма
luenn’te 9.27 to split 5. no evidence for borrowing луэннҍтэ
kɨšškе 9.28 to tear 5. no evidence for borrowing кышшкэ
njūvvе 9.29 to skin 5. no evidence for borrowing ню̄ввэ
jērre 9.31 to rub 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ррэ
jērre 9.311 to wipe 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ррэ
vēnne 9.32 to stretch 5. no evidence for borrowing вэ̄ннэ
kiess’e 9.33 to pull 5. no evidence for borrowing ке̄ссе
lievve 9.34 to spread out 5. no evidence for borrowing ле̄ввэ
koaʒe 9.341 to hang up 5. no evidence for borrowing коадзэ
paǯe 9.342 to press 5. no evidence for borrowing падже
paǯe 9.343 to squeeze 5. no evidence for borrowing падже
vālle 9.35 to pour 1. clearly borrowed ва̄ллэ
pēsse 9.36 to wash 2. probably borrowed пэ̄ссэ
poašše 9.37 to sweep 5. no evidence for borrowing поашшэ
vāsst 9.38 the broom 2. probably borrowed ва̄сст
instrum’ént 9.422 the tool 5. no evidence for borrowing инструмент
plōtn’ehk 9.43 the carpenter 1. clearly borrowed пло̄тнеһк
tūjjše 9.44 to build 5. no evidence for borrowing тӯййшэ
pōgke 9.46 to bore 5. no evidence for borrowing по̄гкэ
cievvne 9.461 to hollow out 5. no evidence for borrowing цеввнэ
pɨla 9.48 the saw 1. clearly borrowed пыла
sāgk 9.48 the saw 1. clearly borrowed са̄гк
viež’ar 9.49 the hammer 2. probably borrowed ве̄жяр
nāvv’l 9.5 the nail 1. clearly borrowed на̄ввьл
njаmm 9.56 the glue 5. no evidence for borrowing нямм
rāvv’t 9.6 the blacksmith 2. probably borrowed ра̄ввьт
tāgke 9.61 to forge 5. no evidence for borrowing та̄гкэ
tāgkem-sājj 9.62 the anvil 5. no evidence for borrowing та̄гкэм-са̄йй
vālle 9.63 to cast 1. clearly borrowed ва̄ллэ
koall’ 9.64 the gold 1. clearly borrowed коалль
sɨllp 9.65 the silver 1. clearly borrowed сыллп
viešš’k 9.66 the copper 2. probably borrowed ве̄шшьк
rūvv’t 9.67 the iron 2. probably borrowed рӯввьт
vɨnn’c 9.68 the lead 1. clearly borrowed вынньц
kārr’t 9.69 the tin or tinplate 1. clearly borrowed ка̄ррьт
kört (Komi )
vierre 9.72 to mould/mold 5. no evidence for borrowing веррэ
čujjv 9.73 the clay 5. no evidence for borrowing чуййв
stiekle 9.74 the glass 1. clearly borrowed сте̄клэ
pōnnje 9.75 to weave or plait/braid 5. no evidence for borrowing по̄нне
kūšš’ 9.76 the basket 2. probably borrowed кӯшшь
kōrreb 9.76 the basket 1. clearly borrowed ко̄ррэб
šall’t-koahtess 9.77 the mat 5. no evidence for borrowing шалльт-коаһтесс
stienn-koahtess 9.771 the rug 5. no evidence for borrowing сте̄нн-коаһтэсс
sāhk 9.78 the netbag 1. clearly borrowed са̄һк
pīŋŋk-possej 9.79 the fan 5. no evidence for borrowing пӣӈӈк-поссэй
jēdte 9.81 to carve 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄дтэ
jēdtej-kāvv’n 9.84 the chisel 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄дтэй-ка̄ввьн
bumeraŋg 9.87 the boomerang 5. no evidence for borrowing бумераӈг
poajjn 9.88 the paint 5. no evidence for borrowing поаййн
poajjne 9.89 to paint 2. probably borrowed поаййнэ
kuajjve čāz’ 9.9 to draw water 5. no evidence for borrowing куаййвэ ча̄зь
nāvv’l 9.91 the peg 1. clearly borrowed на̄ввьл
toamčas 9.93 the whetstone 5. no evidence for borrowing тоамчас
lɨgkne 10.11 to move 5. no evidence for borrowing лыгкнэ
jorhttelle 10.12 to turn 5. no evidence for borrowing ёҏтътэллэ
lievxe 10.13 to turn around 5. no evidence for borrowing ле̄вхэ
kīsse 10.14 to wrap 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣссэ
jorhtte 10.15 to roll 5. no evidence for borrowing ёҏтътэ
jorhte 10.16 to drop 5. no evidence for borrowing ёҏтэ
poanne 10.17 to twist 5. no evidence for borrowing поаннэ
pējjne 10.21 to rise 5. no evidence for borrowing пэ̄ййнэ
pajnedte 10.21 to rise 5. no evidence for borrowing пайнэдтэ
pajnelle 10.22 to raise or lift 5. no evidence for borrowing пайнэллэ
kēhče 10.23 to fall 2. probably borrowed кэ̄һче
kuašške 10.24 to drip 5. no evidence for borrowing куашшкэ
čacc’ke 10.25 to throw 5. no evidence for borrowing чаццькэ
šɨll’e 10.252 to catch 3. perhaps borrowed шылле
pušš’te 10.26 to shake 5. no evidence for borrowing пушшьтэ
kōllke 10.32 to flow 2. probably borrowed ко̄ллкэ
kēccke 10.33 to sink 5. no evidence for borrowing kэ̄ццкэ
vūjje 10.34 to float 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯйе
vūjje 10.35 to swim 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯйе
čoaŋŋe 10.351 to dive 5. no evidence for borrowing чоаӈӈэ
tuerrpe 10.352 to splash 5. no evidence for borrowing туэррпэ
pōr’se 10.36 to sail 5. no evidence for borrowing по̄рьйсэ
kɨrr’te 10.37 to fly 5. no evidence for borrowing кыррьтэ
poasse 10.38 to blow 5. no evidence for borrowing поассэ
piegk’e 10.41 to crawl 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄гке
čuennčle pūvl ēl 10.412 to kneel 5. no evidence for borrowing чуэннчле пӯвл э̄л
ɨšštne 10.413 to crouch 5. no evidence for borrowing ышштнэ
njаff’ke 10.42 to slide or slip 5. no evidence for borrowing няффькэ
njuččke 10.43 to jump 5. no evidence for borrowing нюччкэ
kōffke 10.431 to kick 5. no evidence for borrowing ко̄ффкэ
pl’аssje 10.44 to dance 5. no evidence for borrowing пляссъе
vānn’ce 10.45 to walk 5. no evidence for borrowing ва̄ннҍцэ
lɨhkle 10.451 to limp 5. no evidence for borrowing лыһклэ
vīǯe 10.46 to run 5. no evidence for borrowing вӣдже
mēnne 10.47 to go 5. no evidence for borrowing мэ̄ннэ
ēllne 10.471 to go up 5. no evidence for borrowing э̄ллнэ
pajjne 10.472 to climb 5. no evidence for borrowing паййнэ
vuellne 10.473 to go down 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэллнэ
vɨjjte 10.474 to go out 1. clearly borrowed выййтэ
puedt’e 10.48 to come 2. probably borrowed пуэдтӭ
māhc’e 10.481 to come back 5. no evidence for borrowing ма̄һце
ujjte 10.49 to leave 1. clearly borrowed уййтэ
kāde 10.491 to disappear 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄дэ
vīǯe 10.51 to flee 5. no evidence for borrowing вӣдже
kijje mill’te ёadte 10.52 to follow 5. no evidence for borrowing кийе милльтэ ёадтэ
vɨxxčte 10.53 to pursue 5. no evidence for borrowing выххчтэ
jūvvte 10.55 to arrive 2. probably borrowed ю̄ввтэ
ēlltne 10.56 to approach 5. no evidence for borrowing э̄ллтнэ
suaŋŋe 10.57 to enter 5. no evidence for borrowing суаӈӈэ
puedt’e pērrhte 10.58 to go or return home 5. no evidence for borrowing пуэдтӭ пе̄ҏҏтэ
kūnn’te 10.61 to carry 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯннҍтэ
kūnn’te kide al’n 10.612 to carry in hand 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯннҍтэ кидэ альн
kūnn’te vuel’ke al’n 10.613 to carry on shoulder 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯннҍтэ вуэлькэ альн
kūnn’te vuejv al’n 10.614 to carry on head 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯннҍтэ вуэйв альн
kūnn’te kar’nel’ vul’n 10.615 to carry under the arm 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯннҍтэ карьнэль вульн
pɨht’e 10.62 to bring 5. no evidence for borrowing пыһтӭ
vūlkxe 10.63 to send 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯлкхэ
vōdte 10.64 to lead 1. clearly borrowed во̄дтэ
vɨjje 10.65 to drive 2. probably borrowed выйе
vɨjje jēbšan’ 10.66 to ride 5. no evidence for borrowing выйе е̄бшанҍ
ojjkje 10.67 to push 5. no evidence for borrowing оййкъе
keajjn 10.71 the road 5. no evidence for borrowing кя̄ййн
jūnn 10.72 the path 2. probably borrowed ю̄нн
poalkas 10.72 the path 5. no evidence for borrowing поалкас
mōsst 10.74 the bridge 1. clearly borrowed mо̄sst
šall’t 10.74 the bridge 2. probably borrowed шалльт
vozve-soann 10.75 the cart or wagon 5. no evidence for borrowing возвэ-соанн
koal’es 10.76 the wheel 1. clearly borrowed коалес
soan 10.78 the yoke 5. no evidence for borrowing соан
kier’es’ 10.79 the sledge/sled 5. no evidence for borrowing ке̄ресь
noarrht 10.79 the sledge/sled 1. clearly borrowed ноаҏҏт
soann 10.79 the sledge/sled 1. clearly borrowed соанн
parxodt 10.81 the ship 1. clearly borrowed парходт
vens 10.83 the boat 2. probably borrowed вэнс
jōlla 10.831 the canoe 1. clearly borrowed ё̄лла
koččex 10.832 the outrigger 5. no evidence for borrowing коччех
puerr’ev 10.84 the raft 5. no evidence for borrowing пуэррев
ārrj 10.85 the oar 1. clearly borrowed а̄ррьй
miell’ 10.851 the paddle 5. no evidence for borrowing ме̄лль
sugke 10.852 to row 2. probably borrowed сугкэ
vūhp’ 10.86 the rudder 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯһпь
pīll 10.87 the mast 1. clearly borrowed пӣлл
porjas 10.88 the sail 2. probably borrowed порьяс
joakar 10.89 the anchor 1. clearly borrowed ёакар
sāttk 10.91 the port 5. no evidence for borrowing са̄ттк
seajjve 10.92 to land 5. no evidence for borrowing ся̄ййвэ
vladje 11.12 to own 1. clearly borrowed владье
vāll’te 11.13 to take 2. probably borrowed ва̄лльтэ
kahc’e 11.14 to grasp 5. no evidence for borrowing каһце
oann’e 11.15 to hold 5. no evidence for borrowing оаннӭ
vuannče 11.16 to get 5. no evidence for borrowing вуаннче
rūkne 11.17 to keep 5. no evidence for borrowing рӯкнэ
viešš’ 11.18 the thing 1. clearly borrowed ве̄шшь
ann’te 11.21 to give 2. probably borrowed аннҍтэ
māhc’xe 11.22 to give back 5. no evidence for borrowing ма̄цьхэ
pɨnn’e 11.24 to preserve 5. no evidence for borrowing пынне
vuannče 11.25 to rescue 5. no evidence for borrowing вуаннче
murr’tе 11.27 to destroy 5. no evidence for borrowing муррьтэ
pīdte 11.29 to damage 5. no evidence for borrowing пӣдтэ
ōʒe 11.31 to look for 5. no evidence for borrowing о̄дзэ
koavvne 11.32 to find 2. probably borrowed коаввнэ
kādxe 11.33 to lose 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄дхэ
lūšš’te 11.34 to let go 5. no evidence for borrowing лӯшшьтэ
tieŋŋ’k 11.43 the money 2. probably borrowed те̄ӈӈьк
tieŋŋ’k 11.44 the coin 2. probably borrowed те̄ӈӈьк
vāptegk 11.51 rich 5. no evidence for borrowing ва̄птэгк
vājvaš 11.52 poor 2. probably borrowed ва̄йваш
vājvaš 11.53 the beggar 2. probably borrowed ва̄йваш
kuhp’es’ 11.54 stingy 2. probably borrowed куһпесь
lājnse 11.61 to lend 5. no evidence for borrowing ла̄йнсэ
lājjne 11.62 to borrow 5. no evidence for borrowing ла̄ййнэ
veallktuvve 11.63 to owe 5. no evidence for borrowing вя̄ллктуввэ
viell’k 11.64 the debt 2. probably borrowed ве̄лльк
māk’se 11.65 to pay 2. probably borrowed ма̄кьсэ
loagk 11.66 the bill 5. no evidence for borrowing лоагк
māk’semuž 11.69 the tax 5. no evidence for borrowing ма̄кьсэмуж
lājjh 11.99903 the gift 1. clearly borrowed ла̄ҋҋ
pāllh’kte 11.77 to hire 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄ӆӆьктэ
pāllh’k 11.78 the wages 1. clearly borrowed па̄ӆӆьк
vuannče 11.79 to earn 5. no evidence for borrowing вуаннче
vuess’te 11.81 to buy 2. probably borrowed вуэссьтэ
mīgke 11.82 to sell 2. probably borrowed мӣгкэ
voajxe 11.83 to trade or barter 5. no evidence for borrowing воайхэ
mīgkej 11.84 the merchant 5. no evidence for borrowing мӣгкэй
šūrr sɨjjt 11.85 the market 5. no evidence for borrowing шӯрр сыййт
lāff’k 11.86 the shop/store 1. clearly borrowed ла̅ффьк
ārrv 11.87 the price 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄ррв
koalleš 11.88 expensive 1. clearly borrowed коаллэш
vūgas 11.89 cheap 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯгаc
jūgk’e 11.91 to share 5. no evidence for borrowing ю̄гке
viss’te 11.92 to weigh 1. clearly borrowed виссьтэ
maŋŋa 12.01 after 5. no evidence for borrowing маӈӈа
maŋ’el’t 12.011 behind 5. no evidence for borrowing маӈельт
sɨz 12.012 in 2. probably borrowed сыз
al’n 12.013 at 5. no evidence for borrowing альн
lunn’ 12.02 beside 5. no evidence for borrowing луннҍ
velas 12.03 down 5. no evidence for borrowing вэлас
ēvvtel’ 12.04 before 5. no evidence for borrowing э̄ввтэль
evtes 12.041 in front of 5. no evidence for borrowing эвтэс
sɨz’n 12.05 inside 2. probably borrowed сызьн
oallken’ 12.06 outside 5. no evidence for borrowing оаллкэнҍ
vul’n 12.07 under 5. no evidence for borrowing вульн
pajas 12.08 up 5. no evidence for borrowing паяс
al’n 12.081 above 5. no evidence for borrowing альн
sajj 12.11 the place 2. probably borrowed сайй
pājjhk 12.11 the place 2. probably borrowed па̄ҋҋк
pɨjje 12.12 to put 5. no evidence for borrowing пыйе
ɨššte 12.13 to sit 1. clearly borrowed ышштэ
luvve 12.14 to lie down 5. no evidence for borrowing луввэ
čuennče 12.15 to stand 5. no evidence for borrowing чуэннчэ
kūdtselle 12.16 to remain 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯдтсэллэ
kudtješ 12.17 the remains 5. no evidence for borrowing кудтъеш
usse 12.21 to gather 5. no evidence for borrowing уссэ
kōppče 12.21 to gather 5. no evidence for borrowing ко̄ппче
pajne 12.212 to pick up 5. no evidence for borrowing пайнэ
poarr’te 12.213 to pile up 5. no evidence for borrowing поаррьтэ
ēxxte 12.22 to join 5. no evidence for borrowing э̄ххтэ
rātt’ke 12.23 to separate 5. no evidence for borrowing ра̄ттҍкэ
jūgke 12.232 to divide 5. no evidence for borrowing ю̄гке
āvv’de 12.24 to open 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄ввьдэ
kāht’e 12.25 to shut 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄һтӭ
kāht’e 12.26 to cover 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄һтӭ
čīgke 12.27 to hide 2. probably borrowed чӣгкэ
ēll 12.31 high 5. no evidence for borrowing э̄лл
vūll’ges’ 12.32 low 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯлльгесь
ladd’v 12.33 the top 5. no evidence for borrowing ладдҍв
poann’ 12.34 the bottom 1. clearly borrowed поаннҍ
kieǯ 12.35 the end(1) 2. probably borrowed ке̄джь
čōgk 12.352 pointed 5. no evidence for borrowing чо̄гк
rūmmt 12.353 the edge 2. probably borrowed рӯммт
jērrh’t 12.36 the side 2. probably borrowed е̄ҏҏьт
kēssk 12.37 the middle 5. no evidence for borrowing кэ̄сск
vuel’kes’ 12.41 right(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэлькесь
činč 12.42 left 5. no evidence for borrowing чинч
all’t 12.43 near 5. no evidence for borrowing алльт
kuhk’en’ 12.44 far 5. no evidence for borrowing куһкенҍ
nurrh’t 12.45 the east 2. probably borrowed нуҏҏьт
vuerjal 12.46 the west 2. probably borrowed вуэрьял
tavv’аl 12.47 the north 5. no evidence for borrowing таввял
soajjv 12.48 the south 5. no evidence for borrowing со̄а̄ййв
šēnnte 12.53 to grow 1. clearly borrowed шэ̄ннтэ
sēllde 12.54 to measure 5. no evidence for borrowing сэ̄ллдэ
sēll 12.541 the fathom 5. no evidence for borrowing сэ̄лл
šūrr 12.55 big 1. clearly borrowed шӯрр
udc’ 12.56 small 5. no evidence for borrowing удць
kuk’es’ 12.57 long 5. no evidence for borrowing кукесь
šūrr 12.58 tall 1. clearly borrowed шӯрр
oan’xes’ 12.59 short 5. no evidence for borrowing оаньхесь
kōmm’tes’ 12.61 wide 5. no evidence for borrowing ко̄ммьтэсь
kien’ces’ 12.62 narrow 5. no evidence for borrowing ке̄нҍцесь
kēss 12.63 thick 5. no evidence for borrowing кэ̄сс
sieŋ’kes’ 12.65 thin 5. no evidence for borrowing се̄ӈькесь
čīŋŋle 12.67 deep 5. no evidence for borrowing чӣӈӈлэ
cueg’es’ 12.68 shallow 5. no evidence for borrowing цуэгесь
njoll’kes’ 12.71 flat 5. no evidence for borrowing нёллькесь
njollke 12.73 straight 5. no evidence for borrowing нёллкэ
poannj 12.74 crooked 2. probably borrowed поаннь
vaŋŋ’k 12.75 the hook 5. no evidence for borrowing ваӈӈьк
čīgk 12.76 the corner 5. no evidence for borrowing чӣгк
rɨsst 12.77 the cross 1. clearly borrowed рысст
njiellj-čīgk 12.78 the square 5. no evidence for borrowing не̄лльй-чӣгк
jorr’pes’ 12.81 round 5. no evidence for borrowing ёррьпесь
pɨrr-jorr’pes’ 12.82 the circle 5. no evidence for borrowing пырр-ёррьпесь
pāll 12.83 the ball 1. clearly borrowed па̄лл
ceakas 12.84 the line 5. no evidence for borrowing цякас
rājjk 12.85 the hole 2. probably borrowed ра̄ййк
eftnalšem 12.92 similar 5. no evidence for borrowing эфтналшэм
voajxe 12.93 to change 5. no evidence for borrowing воайхэ
noll 13 zero 1. clearly borrowed нолл
ēxxt 13.01 one 5. no evidence for borrowing э̄ххт
kūht 13.02 two 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯһт
kōllm 13.03 three 5. no evidence for borrowing ко̄ллм
njiellj 13.04 four 5. no evidence for borrowing не̄лльй
vɨdt 13.05 five 5. no evidence for borrowing выдт
kudt 13.06 six 5. no evidence for borrowing кудт
kɨǯem’ 13.07 seven 5. no evidence for borrowing кыджемь
kāxxc 13.08 eight 5. no evidence for borrowing ка̄ххц
axxc 13.09 nine 5. no evidence for borrowing аххц
loagk’ 13.1 ten 5. no evidence for borrowing лоагкь
ēxxtemploagk’ 13.101 eleven 5. no evidence for borrowing э̄ххтэмплоагкь
kuxxtemploagk’ 13.102 twelve 5. no evidence for borrowing куххтэмплоагкь
vɨdtemploagk’ 13.103 fifteen 5. no evidence for borrowing выдтэмплоагкь
kuxxtloagk’ 13.104 twenty 5. no evidence for borrowing куххтлоагкь
čūdt’ 13.105 a hundred 2. probably borrowed чӯдть
toafant 13.106 a thousand 1. clearly borrowed тоафант
lōgke 13.107 to count 2. probably borrowed ло̄гкэ
pugk 13.14 all 5. no evidence for borrowing пугк
jēnne 13.15 many 2. probably borrowed е̄ннэ
jēna 13.16 more 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄на
vānas 13.17 few 1. clearly borrowed ва̄нас
tievvt 13.18 enough 5. no evidence for borrowing те̄ввт
mugka-vier’t 13.181 some 5. no evidence for borrowing мугка-ве̄рьт
lānn’t 13.19 the crowd 2. probably borrowed ла̄ннҍт
tievvt 13.21 full 5. no evidence for borrowing те̄ввт
kuras 13.22 empty 5. no evidence for borrowing курас
kuss’k 13.23 the part 1. clearly borrowed кусськ
kuss’k 13.231 the piece 1. clearly borrowed кусськ
piell’ 13.24 the half 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄лль
ōxxte 13.33 only 5. no evidence for borrowing о̄ххтэ
ōxxte 13.331 alone 5. no evidence for borrowing о̄ххтэ
pierve 13.34 first 1. clearly borrowed пе̄рвэ
av’tmuss 13.34 first 5. no evidence for borrowing авьтмусс
māŋjes’ 13.35 last 5. no evidence for borrowing ма̄ӈьесь
nɨmm’p 13.36 second 5. no evidence for borrowing ныммьп второй ныммьп
kut’as 13.37 the pair 5. no evidence for borrowing кутӓс
kūht vuer 13.38 twice/two times 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯһт вуэр
kuallmant 13.42 third 5. no evidence for borrowing куаллмант
kōlm vuer 13.44 three times 5. no evidence for borrowing ко̄лм вуэр
ājjk 14.11 the time 2. probably borrowed а̄ййк
agk’ 14.12 the age 5. no evidence for borrowing агкь
ōdt 14.13 new 5. no evidence for borrowing о̄дт
nūrr 14.14 young 2. probably borrowed нӯрр
puer’es’ 14.15 old 2. probably borrowed пуэресь
vūras 14.15 old 2. probably borrowed вӯрас
ājkalt 14.16 early 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄йкалт
maŋŋ’ed’ 14.17 late 5. no evidence for borrowing маӈӈедҍ
jess’k 14.18 now 2. probably borrowed есськ
tala-tala 14.19 immediately 5. no evidence for borrowing тала-тала
ūdles’ 14.21 fast 5. no evidence for borrowing ӯдлэсь
mealkas 14.22 slow 5. no evidence for borrowing мя̄лкас
kɨrhte 14.23 to hurry 5. no evidence for borrowing кыҏтэ
maŋŋne 14.24 to be late 5. no evidence for borrowing маӈӈнэ
all’ke 14.25 to begin 2. probably borrowed аллькэ
oalkxešš 14.251 the beginning 5. no evidence for borrowing оалкхэшш
mēnne 14.252 to last 5. no evidence for borrowing мэ̄ннэ
kieǯ 14.26 the end(2) 2. probably borrowed ке̄джь
luepp’te 14.27 to finish 5. no evidence for borrowing луэппьтэ
kīrrkne 14.28 to cease 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣрркнэ
voalmaš 14.29 ready 5. no evidence for borrowing воалмаш
paj 14.31 always 5. no evidence for borrowing пай
toajjv 14.32 often 5. no evidence for borrowing тоаййв
mudta-vuer 14.33 sometimes 5. no evidence for borrowing мудта-вуэр
vextenn’e 14.331 soon 5. no evidence for borrowing вэхтэнне
kugk’-vuer 14.332 for a long time 5. no evidence for borrowing кугкь-вуэр
nikuess’ 14.34 never 5. no evidence for borrowing никуэссь
avvta 14.35 again 5. no evidence for borrowing аввта
piejjv 14.41 the day(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ййв
piejjv 14.411 the day(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ййв
ɨjj 14.42 the night 5. no evidence for borrowing ыйй
kuefs 14.43 the dawn 2. probably borrowed куэфс
īnckenč 14.44 the morning 5. no evidence for borrowing ӣнцкэнч
piejjv-kēssk 14.45 the midday 5. no evidence for borrowing пе̄ййв-кэ̄сск
maŋŋa piejjvkessk 14.451 the afternoon 5. no evidence for borrowing маӈӈа пе̄ййвкэсск
jēk’nenč 14.46 the evening 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄кьнэнч
tārr’m 14.47 today 5. no evidence for borrowing та̄ррьм
jenta 14.48 tomorrow 5. no evidence for borrowing ента
maŋŋa jenta 14.481 the day after tomorrow 5. no evidence for borrowing маӈӈа ента
jexxta 14.49 yesterday 5. no evidence for borrowing еххта
tunn-piejves’t 14.491 the day before yesterday 5. no evidence for borrowing тунн-пе̄йвэсьт
čāss 14.51 the hour 1. clearly borrowed ча̄сс
čāss 14.53 the clock 1. clearly borrowed ча̄сс
niedt’el’ 14.61 the week 1. clearly borrowed не̄дтӭль
pāss’-piejjv 14.62 Sunday 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄ссь-пе̄ййв
vūsoarrk 14.63 Monday 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯсоаррк
nɨmm’poark 14.64 Tuesday 5. no evidence for borrowing ныммьпоарк
kualmant-piejjv 14.65 Wednesday 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯа̄лмант-пе̄ййв
njealjаnt-piejjv 14.66 Thursday 5. no evidence for borrowing ня̄льянт-пе̄ййв
vɨdant-piejjv 14.67 Friday 5. no evidence for borrowing выдант-пе̄ййв
sūvv’ed’ 14.68 Saturday 1. clearly borrowed сӯвведҍ
mānn 14.71 the month 2. probably borrowed ма̄нн
ɨgk’ 14.73 the year 2. probably borrowed ыгкь
tāll’v 14.74 the winter 5. no evidence for borrowing та̄лльв
kɨdt 14.75 the spring(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing кыдт
kiess’ 14.76 the summer 2. probably borrowed ке̄ссь
čēxxč 14.77 the autumn/fall 5. no evidence for borrowing че̄ххч
ɨgk’-pāll’ 14.78 the season 5. no evidence for borrowing ыгкь-па̄лль
app’se 15.21 to smell(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing аппьсэ
app’se 15.212 to sniff 5. no evidence for borrowing аппьсэ
app’se 15.22 to smell(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing аппьсэ
lēgkje 15.25 fragrant 5. no evidence for borrowing лэ̄гкье
aps 15.26 stinking 5. no evidence for borrowing апс
njāll’k 15.31 to taste 5. no evidence for borrowing ня̄лльк
njāl’kes’ 15.35 sweet 5. no evidence for borrowing ня̄лькесь
sūll’ 15.36 salty 2. probably borrowed сӯлль
pɨččker 15.37 bitter 5. no evidence for borrowing пыччкэр
kūcc 15.38 sour 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯцц
vānn’-sūll’ 15.39 brackish 5. no evidence for borrowing ва̄ннҍ-сӯлль
kulle 15.41 to hear 5. no evidence for borrowing куллэ
kulle 15.42 to listen 5. no evidence for borrowing куллэ
joaff 15.44 the sound or noise 5. no evidence for borrowing ёафф
innjes’ 15.45 loud 5. no evidence for borrowing иннҍесь
suen’es’ 15.46 quiet 5. no evidence for borrowing суэнӭсь
ujjne 15.51 to see 2. probably borrowed уййнэ
kīhče 15.52 to look 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣһче
vūz’xe 15.55 to show 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯзьхэ
pāšš’te 15.56 to shine 2. probably borrowed па̄шшьтэ
čuvve 15.56 to shine 5. no evidence for borrowing чуввэ
tūsse 15.56 to shine 5. no evidence for borrowing тӯссэ
kɨjjhm 15.56 to shine 5. no evidence for borrowing кыҋҋм
čūvv’es’ 15.57 bright 5. no evidence for borrowing чӯввесь
ɨvv’n 15.61 the colour/color 5. no evidence for borrowing ыввьн
čūvv’es’ 15.62 light(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing чӯввесь
siev’njes’ 15.63 dark 5. no evidence for borrowing се̄вьнесь
vīllke 15.64 white 5. no evidence for borrowing вӣллкэ
čoahpe 15.65 black 5. no evidence for borrowing чоаһпэ
rūppse 15.66 red 2. probably borrowed рӯппсэ
al’ex 15.67 blue 5. no evidence for borrowing алех
ruenn 15.68 green 1. clearly borrowed руэнн
ruččkes’ 15.69 yellow 5. no evidence for borrowing руччкесь
lɨkxelle 15.71 to touch 5. no evidence for borrowing лыкхэллэ
rāppče 15.712 to pinch 5. no evidence for borrowing ра̄ппче
kulle 15.72 to feel 5. no evidence for borrowing куллэ
kērr 15.74 hard 5. no evidence for borrowing кэ̄рр
sūbp’es’ 15.75 soft 5. no evidence for borrowing сӯбпесь
kērr 15.76 rough(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing кэ̄рр
njoll’kes’ 15.77 smooth 5. no evidence for borrowing нёллькесь
pass’tles’ 15.78 sharp 5. no evidence for borrowing пассьтлэсь
mier’es’ 15.79 blunt 5. no evidence for borrowing ме̄ресь
lōss’es’ 15.81 heavy 5. no evidence for borrowing ло̄ссесь
kiehp’es’ 15.82 light(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing ке̄һпесь
njūckas 15.83 wet 5. no evidence for borrowing ню̄цкас
koaš’kes’ 15.84 dry 2. probably borrowed коашькэсь
pūlle 15.85 hot 5. no evidence for borrowing пӯллэ
poahk 15.851 warm 5. no evidence for borrowing поаһк
kelmas 15.86 cold 2. probably borrowed кэлмас
čīllk 15.87 clean 5. no evidence for borrowing чӣллк
sākk’s 15.88 dirty 5. no evidence for borrowing са̄ккьс
mielljuvvma 15.89 wrinkled 5. no evidence for borrowing меллъюввма
īŋŋk 16.11 the soul or spirit 1. clearly borrowed ӣӈӈк
tɨgkvenn’ 16.15 surprised or astonished 5. no evidence for borrowing тыгквэннҍ
vuess’ 16.18 the good luck 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэссь
nаl’xuvvе 16.19 the bad luck 5. no evidence for borrowing на̄льхуввэ
roamm’es’ 16.23 happy 5. no evidence for borrowing роаммесь
sījjne 16.25 to laugh 5. no evidence for borrowing сӣййнэ
tīšš 16.25 to laugh 5. no evidence for borrowing тӣшш
muejjnennte 16.251 to smile 5. no evidence for borrowing муэййнэннтэ
sīrre 16.26 to play 5. no evidence for borrowing сӣррэ
šoabpše 16.27 to love 5. no evidence for borrowing шоабпшэ
nīsse 16.29 to kiss 5. no evidence for borrowing нӣссэ
asskte 16.3 to embrace 5. no evidence for borrowing ассктэ
pоаfčas 16.31 the pain 5. no evidence for borrowing поафчас
toass’k 16.32 the grief 1. clearly borrowed тоасськ
peadcel’ 16.33 the anxiety 5. no evidence for borrowing пя̄дцэль
šoalše 16.34 to regret or be sorry 1. clearly borrowed шоалшэ
lūjjh’ke 16.37 to cry 5. no evidence for borrowing лӯҋҋкэ
kēnjal 16.38 the tear 5. no evidence for borrowing кэ̄нял
vuahke 16.39 to groan 5. no evidence for borrowing вуаһкэ
vajjde 16.41 to hate 5. no evidence for borrowing ваййдэ
siennte 16.42 the anger 2. probably borrowed се̄ннтмушш
lolle 16.44 the envy or jealousy 5. no evidence for borrowing лоллэ
okkne 16.45 the shame 5. no evidence for borrowing оккнэ
ɨllpe 16.48 proud 1. clearly borrowed ыллпэ
tūsste 16.51 to dare 2. probably borrowed тӯсстэ
tūsstles’ 16.52 brave 5. no evidence for borrowing тӯсстлэсь
pēlle 16.53 the fear 2. probably borrowed пэ̄ллэ
pelhtess 16.54 the danger 5. no evidence for borrowing пэӆтэсс
tāhte 16.62 to want 5. no evidence for borrowing та̄һтэ
voalše 16.622 to choose 2. probably borrowed воалшэ
nādjedte 16.63 to hope 1. clearly borrowed на̄дҍедтэ
vūjjk 16.65 faithful 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯййк
zoabel’ 16.66 true 4. very little evidence for borrowing зоабэль
ēllm 16.66 true 5. no evidence for borrowing э̄ллм
kielselle 16.67 to lie(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing ке̄лсэллэ
vūjxelle 16.68 the deceit 5. no evidence for borrowing ву̅йхэллэ
proaššje 16.69 to forgive 1. clearly borrowed проашшъе
šig 16.71 good 5. no evidence for borrowing шӣг
pūrr’ 16.71 good 2. probably borrowed пӯррь
njuess’ 16.72 bad 5. no evidence for borrowing нюэссь
vūjjk 16.73 right(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯййк
vierr’ 16.74 wrong 2. probably borrowed ве̄ррь
vierr’ 16.76 the fault 2. probably borrowed ве̄ррь
seagknehk 16.77 the mistake 5. no evidence for borrowing ся̄гкнэһк
vierxevudt 16.78 the blame 5. no evidence for borrowing ве̄рхэвудт
kɨjjhte 16.79 the praise 5. no evidence for borrowing кыҋҋтэ
mōǯes’ 16.81 beautiful 5. no evidence for borrowing мо̄джесь
roadt’ 16.82 ugly 5. no evidence for borrowing роадтҍ
sɨnn' 16.83 greedy 5. no evidence for borrowing сыннҍ
tollhk 16.84 clever 1. clearly borrowed тоӆӆк
mīllves’ 16.84 clever 2. probably borrowed мӣллвэсь
mīll 17.11 the mind 5. no evidence for borrowing мӣлл
jurr’te 17.13 to think(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing юррьтэ
jurr’te 17.14 to think(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing юррьтэ
oasske 17.15 to believe 5. no evidence for borrowing оасскэ
oantše 17.16 to understand 2. probably borrowed оантшэ
tīdte 17.17 to know 2. probably borrowed тӣдтэ
tommte 17.17 to know 5. no evidence for borrowing томмтэ
ārr’vde 17.171 to guess 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄ррьвдэ
īvvče 17.172 to imitate 5. no evidence for borrowing ӣввче
vūz’xuvve 17.18 to seem 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯзьхуввэ
jurt 17.19 the idea 5. no evidence for borrowing юрт
mīllves’ 17.21 wise 2. probably borrowed мӣллвэсь
puss’t 17.22 stupid 1. clearly borrowed пуссьт
mīlxem’es’ 17.22 stupid 5. no evidence for borrowing мӣлхэмесь
tajaš 17.23 mad 5. no evidence for borrowing таяш
ōhpnuvve 17.24 to learn 5. no evidence for borrowing о̄һпнуввэ
ōhpnuvve 17.242 to study 5. no evidence for borrowing о̄һпнуввэ
māt’xe 17.25 to teach 5. no evidence for borrowing ма̄тҍхэ
ōhpnuvvej 17.26 the pupil 5. no evidence for borrowing о̄һпнуввэй
učtell’ 17.27 the teacher 1. clearly borrowed учтэлль
škōla 17.28 the school 1. clearly borrowed шко̄ла
mušš’te 17.31 to remember 2. probably borrowed мушшьтэ
vuajjlaht’e 17.32 to forget 5. no evidence for borrowing вуаййлаһтӭ
čuvv’es’ 17.34 clear 5. no evidence for borrowing чуввесь
tōllh’kjenaht’em 17.35 obscure 5. no evidence for borrowing то̄ӆӆькъенаһтем
peajjht 17.36 secret 5. no evidence for borrowing пя̄ҋҋт
vūjjk 17.37 certain 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯййк
māt’xe 17.38 to explain 5. no evidence for borrowing ма̄тҍхэ
jurrtmušš 17.41 the intention 5. no evidence for borrowing юрртмушш
pričen’ 17.42 the cause 1. clearly borrowed приченҍ
jurrtes 17.43 the doubt 5. no evidence for borrowing юрртэс
vierxe 17.44 to suspect 5. no evidence for borrowing ве̄рхэ
pluht 17.441 to betray 1. clearly borrowed плуһт
āšš’-tūjj 17.45 the need or necessity 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄шшь-тӯйй
kiehp’es’ 17.46 easy 5. no evidence for borrowing ке̄һпесь
rēss’es’ 17.47 difficult 5. no evidence for borrowing рэ̄ссесь
veаl-vuer 17.48 to try 5. no evidence for borrowing вял-вуэр
nāll’ 17.49 the manner 5. no evidence for borrowing на̄лль
vɨrr’k 17.49 the manner 5. no evidence for borrowing выррьк
ja 17.51 and 1. clearly borrowed я
< -jah (Gothic )
guejke 17.52 because 5. no evidence for borrowing гуэйкэ
koale 17.53 if 5. no evidence for borrowing коалэ
vaj 17.54 or 2. probably borrowed вай
ele 17.54 or 1. clearly borrowed элэ
nɨdt’ 17.55 yes 5. no evidence for borrowing ныдтҍ
kōxxt 17.61 how? 5. no evidence for borrowing ко̄ххт
mēnn-vier’t 17.62 how many? 5. no evidence for borrowing мэ̄нн-ве̄рьт
mēnn-vier’t 17.63 how much? 5. no evidence for borrowing мэ̄нн-ве̄рьт
mī 17.64 what? 5. no evidence for borrowing мӣ
megk 17.64 what? 5. no evidence for borrowing мэгк
kuess’ 17.65 when? 5. no evidence for borrowing куэссь
kas’t 17.66 where? 5. no evidence for borrowing касьт
man’te 17.67 which? 5. no evidence for borrowing манҍтэ
kē 17.68 who? 5. no evidence for borrowing ке̄
kegk 17.68 who? 5. no evidence for borrowing кегк
mejt 17.69 why? 5. no evidence for borrowing мэйт?
īnn (2) 18.11 the voice 5. no evidence for borrowing ӣнн
lāvvle 18.12 to sing 1. clearly borrowed ла̄ввлэ
reagke 18.13 to shout 5. no evidence for borrowing ря̄гкэ
saf’kse 18.15 to whisper 5. no evidence for borrowing сафьксэ
njurrke 18.17 to whistle 5. no evidence for borrowing нюрркэ
pɨččke 18.18 to shriek 5. no evidence for borrowing пыччке
oallve 18.19 to howl 5. no evidence for borrowing оаллвэ
sārrne 18.21 to speak or talk 2. probably borrowed са̄ррнэ
vevtne 18.211 to stutter or stammer 5. no evidence for borrowing вэвтнэ
ciellh’ke 18.22 to say 5. no evidence for borrowing це̄ӆӆькэ
moajnse 18.221 to tell 5. no evidence for borrowing моайнсэ
kīll 18.222 the speech 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣлл
oarre inxa 18.23 to be silent 5. no evidence for borrowing оаррэ инха
kīll 18.24 the language 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣлл
sānn’ 18.26 the word 2. probably borrowed са̄ннҍ
nēmm 18.28 the name 2. probably borrowed нэ̄мм
kēdče 18.31 to ask(1) 2. probably borrowed кэ̄дже
vuesstle 18.32 to answer 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэсстлэ
vūjkas sārrne 18.33 to admit 5. no evidence for borrowing вӯйкас са̄ррнэ
ānne 18.35 to ask(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing а̄ннэ
ošš’tje 18.36 to promise 5. no evidence for borrowing ошшьтъе
kīll’te 18.37 to refuse 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣлльтэ
kīll’te 18.38 to forbid 5. no evidence for borrowing кӣлльтэ
oarrhte 18.39 to scold 5. no evidence for borrowing оаҏҏтэ
koahče 18.41 to call(1) 2. probably borrowed коаһчэ
nemmde 18.42 to call(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing нэммдэ
ēllmxe 18.43 to announce 5. no evidence for borrowing э̄ллхэ
pal’txe 18.44 to threaten 5. no evidence for borrowing пальтхэ
kuarrk 18.45 to boast 5. no evidence for borrowing куаррк
kɨrjxe 18.51 to write 5. no evidence for borrowing кырьйхэ
lōgke 18.52 to read 2. probably borrowed ло̄гкэ
pɨmm’e 18.56 the paper 1. clearly borrowed пымме
karndašš 18.57 the pen 1. clearly borrowed карндашш
piera 18.57 the pen 1. clearly borrowed пера
knīga 18.61 the book 1. clearly borrowed кнӣга
lāvvl-kɨrjxej 18.67 the poet 5. no evidence for borrowing ла̄ввл-кырьйхэй
bārban 18.72 the drum 1. clearly borrowed бāрбан
būb’en 18.72 the drum 1. clearly borrowed бӯбен
turr’p 18.73 the horn or trumpet 1. clearly borrowed туррьп
šērrh 18.74 the rattle 5. no evidence for borrowing шэ̄ҏҏ
lann’ 19.11 the country 1. clearly borrowed ланнҍ
šānnt-jēmm’ne 19.12 the native country 5. no evidence for borrowing ша̄ннт-е̄ммьнэ
lann’ 19.15 the town 1. clearly borrowed ланнҍ
sɨjjt 19.16 the village 4. very little evidence for borrowing сыййт
rievv’n 19.17 the boundary 2. probably borrowed ре̄ввьн
naredt 19.21 the people 1. clearly borrowed нарэдт
sɨjjt 19.23 the clan 4. very little evidence for borrowing сыййт
av’tmuss olma 19.24 the chieftain 5. no evidence for borrowing ав’тмусс олма
suemm’p 19.25 the walking stick 2. probably borrowed суэммьп
pravít’el’stva 19.31 to rule or govern 5. no evidence for borrowing правительства
coarr 19.32 the king 1. clearly borrowed цоарр
šūvv olma 19.36 the noble 5. no evidence for borrowing шӯвв олма
jēllej 19.37 the citizen 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ллей
šūrr pērrht olma 19.41 the master 5. no evidence for borrowing шӯрр пэ̄ҏҏт олма
kas 19.43 the servant 1. clearly borrowed kаs
vāllt olma 19.44 the freeman 5. no evidence for borrowing ва̄ллт олма
lūpste 19.445 to liberate 5. no evidence for borrowing лӯпстэ
koahče 19.45 to command or order 2. probably borrowed коаһчэ
kulltelle 19.46 to obey 5. no evidence for borrowing куллтэллэ
lūšš’te 19.47 to permit 5. no evidence for borrowing лӯшшьтэ
kānn’c 19.51 the friend 2. probably borrowed ка̄ннҍц
toavvrešš 19.51 the friend 1. clearly borrowed тоавврэшш
čudt’ 19.52 the enemy 5. no evidence for borrowing чудть
poallt-jēllej 19.54 the neighbour 5. no evidence for borrowing поаллтъ-е̄ллей
jēhk 19.55 the stranger 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄һк
kūss’ 19.56 the guest 2. probably borrowed кӯссь
koahče 19.565 to invite 2. probably borrowed коаһчэ
xozjen’ 19.57 the host 1. clearly borrowed хозьенҍ
viek’xe 19.58 to help 5. no evidence for borrowing ве̄кьхэ
jēkxelle 19.59 to prevent 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄кхэллэ
jēll’em-nall’ 19.61 the custom 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ллем-налль
joavvmušš 19.62 the quarrel 5. no evidence for borrowing ё̄ввмушш
tuarr 19.62 the quarrel 5. no evidence for borrowing туарр
sānn’ 19.63 the plot 2. probably borrowed са̄ннҍ
vuesstle 19.65 to meet 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэсстлэ
kurva 19.72 the prostitute 5. no evidence for borrowing курва
tuarre 20.11 to fight 5. no evidence for borrowing туаррэ
tuarr 20.13 the war or battle 5. no evidence for borrowing туарр
mɨrr 20.14 the peace 1. clearly borrowed мырр
tuarrem-vīg 20.15 the army 5. no evidence for borrowing туаррэм-вӣг
soaltex 20.17 the soldier 1. clearly borrowed соалтэх
tuarr-viešš 20.21 the weapons 5. no evidence for borrowing туарр-ве̄шш
kēllt 20.22 the club 2. probably borrowed кэ̄ллт
tuarr-oakkš 20.222 the battle-axe 5. no evidence for borrowing туарр-оаккш
jūkks 20.24 the bow 5. no evidence for borrowing ю̄ккс
njūll 20.25 the arrow 5. no evidence for borrowing ню̄лл
čārrv 20.26 the spear 2. probably borrowed ча̄ррв
mīhk’ 20.27 the sword 2. probably borrowed мӣһкь
pɨss 20.28 the gun 1. clearly borrowed пысс
ruvv’t-kabp’er’ 20.33 the helmet 5. no evidence for borrowing руввьт-кабперь
bašn’a 20.36 the tower 5. no evidence for borrowing башня
vuejjhtemušš 20.41 the victory 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэҋҋтэмушш
vuejhtxuvve 20.42 the defeat 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэҋтхуввэ
tuarrje 20.44 to defend 5. no evidence for borrowing туарръе
māŋŋas mēnne 20.45 to retreat 5. no evidence for borrowing ма̄ӈӈас мэ̄ннэ
vuellne 20.46 to surrender 5. no evidence for borrowing вуэллнэ
turr’mšehk 20.47 the captive or prisoner 4. very little evidence for borrowing тuррьмшэһк
vāxxta 20.471 the guard 1. clearly borrowed ва̄ххта
šɨl 20.48 the booty 5. no evidence for borrowing шыл
kūll’-šɨllej 20.51 the fisherman 5. no evidence for borrowing кӯлль-шыллей
vūŋŋk 20.52 the fishhook 2. probably borrowed вӯӈӈк
vādt 20.53 the fishing line 2. probably borrowed ва̄дт
sājjm 20.54 the fishnet 5. no evidence for borrowing са̄ййм
vīrem 20.54 the fishnet 2. probably borrowed вӣрэм
riejjhm 20.54 the fishnet 2. probably borrowed ре̄ҋҋм
mier’ež’ 20.55 the fish trap 5. no evidence for borrowing мережь
siepp’t 20.56 the bait 5. no evidence for borrowing се̄ппьт
miehc’ 20.61 to hunt 2. probably borrowed ме̄һць
reaškxe 20.62 to shoot 5. no evidence for borrowing ряшкхэ
ejj poabpxe 20.63 to miss 5. no evidence for borrowing эйй поабпхэ
rūvv’t 20.64 the trap 2. probably borrowed рӯввьт
šɨll’e 20.65 to trap 3. perhaps borrowed шылле
zakonn 21.11 the law 1. clearly borrowed законн
sūdt 21.15 the court 1. clearly borrowed сӯдт
sūdte 21.16 to adjudicate 1. clearly borrowed сӯдтэ
sūdt 21.17 the judgment 1. clearly borrowed сӯдт
sūdtej 21.18 the judge 5. no evidence for borrowing сӯдтей
vierxuvvej 21.22 the defendant 5. no evidence for borrowing ве̄рхуввэй
sviet’el 21.23 the witness 1. clearly borrowed све̄тел
sārrne imm’el’-sān’eguejm 21.24 to swear 5. no evidence for borrowing sа̄ррнэ иммель-са̄нӭгуэйм
imm’el’-sānn’ 21.25 the oath 5. no evidence for borrowing иммель-са̄ннҍ
vierxe 21.31 to accuse 5. no evidence for borrowing ве̄рхэ
pūjjhte 21.33 to convict 5. no evidence for borrowing пӯҋҋте
vierr’ 21.35 guilty 2. probably borrowed ве̄ррь
vier’xa 21.36 innocent 5. no evidence for borrowing ве̄рьха
rieŋŋkmušš 21.37 the penalty or punishment 5. no evidence for borrowing ре̄ӈӈкмушш
mākk’semvudt 21.38 the fine 5. no evidence for borrowing ма̄ккьсэмвудт
turr’m 21.39 the prison 1. clearly borrowed туррьм
koann’te 21.42 the murder 5. no evidence for borrowing коаннҍтэ
vāll’te vīgen’ 21.44 the rape 5. no evidence for borrowing ва̄лльтэ вӣгэнҍ
puеll’tе 21.46 the arson 5. no evidence for borrowing пуэлльтэ
kielsellemušš 21.47 the perjury 5. no evidence for borrowing ке̄лсэллэмушш
suelne 21.51 to steal 5. no evidence for borrowing суэлнэ
sūll 21.52 the thief 5. no evidence for borrowing сӯлл
r’elígija 22.11 the religion 5. no evidence for borrowing религия
imm’el’ 22.12 the god 1. clearly borrowed иммель
ceassan 22.131 the church 2. probably borrowed цеассан
cērkav 22.131 the church 1. clearly borrowed цэ̄ркав
voltar 22.14 the altar 1. clearly borrowed волтар
palves 22.15 the sacrifice 1. clearly borrowed па̄лвэс
koammrelle 22.16 to worship 5. no evidence for borrowing коаммрэллэ
mōlle 22.17 to pray 1. clearly borrowed мо̄ллэ
molldedte 22.17 to pray 5. no evidence for borrowing моллдэдтэ
poahp 22.18 the priest 1. clearly borrowed поаһп
pāss’ 22.19 holy 1. clearly borrowed па̄ссь
soagk 22.22 to preach 1. clearly borrowed соагк
blagasluvve 22.23 to bless 1. clearly borrowed благаслуввэ
oarrhtе 22.24 to curse 5. no evidence for borrowing оаҏҏтэ
pāz’xе 22.26 to fast 5. no evidence for borrowing па̄зьхэ
tunn-all’m 22.31 the heaven 5. no evidence for borrowing тунн-алльм
tudt-lānn’t 22.32 the hell 5. no evidence for borrowing тудт-ла̄ннҍт
adt 22.32 the hell 1. clearly borrowed адт
ad (Russian )
čann 22.35 the demon 5. no evidence for borrowing чанн
siejjt 22.37 the idol 5. no evidence for borrowing се̄ййт
nuejd 22.42 the magic 5. no evidence for borrowing нуэйд
nuejdt 22.43 the sorcerer or witch 5. no evidence for borrowing нуэйдт
rāz’-aka 22.44 the fairy or elf 5. no evidence for borrowing ра̄зь-ака
roavvk 22.45 the ghost 5. no evidence for borrowing роаввк
pridtehk 22.47 the omen 1. clearly borrowed придтэһк
rādio 23.1 the radio 1. clearly borrowed ра̄дио
tiel’evízor 23.11 the television 5. no evidence for borrowing телевизор
tiel’fonn 23.12 the telephone 1. clearly borrowed тэльфонн
v’elasip’éd 23.13 the bicycle 5. no evidence for borrowing веласипед
mōtor 23.135 the motorcycle 1. clearly borrowed мо̄тор
mašɨna 23.14 the car 1. clearly borrowed машына
avtobúss 23.15 the bus 5. no evidence for borrowing автобусс
pojezd 23.155 the train 5. no evidence for borrowing поезд
samml’oht 23.16 the airplane 1. clearly borrowed саммлёһт
el’ektríčeske 23.17 the electricity 1. clearly borrowed електрическэ
batar’éja 23.175 the battery 5. no evidence for borrowing батарея
cavv’ce 23.18 to brake 5. no evidence for borrowing цаввьцэ
dvīgat’el’ 23.185 the motor 5. no evidence for borrowing двӣгатель
mašɨna 23.19 the machine 1. clearly borrowed машына
nief’t 23.195 the petroleum 1. clearly borrowed неффьт
lɨhcem-pērrht 23.2 the hospital 5. no evidence for borrowing лыһцэм-пэ̄ҏҏт
m’eds’estrá 23.21 the nurse 5. no evidence for borrowing медсестра
tabl’etka 23.22 the pill or tablet 5. no evidence for borrowing таблетка
špric 23.23 the injection 5. no evidence for borrowing шприц
očke 23.24 the spectacles/glasses 1. clearly borrowed очкэ
pravít’el’stva 23.3 the government 5. no evidence for borrowing правительства
priezid’ént 23.31 the president 5. no evidence for borrowing президент
minístr 23.32 the minister 5. no evidence for borrowing министр
milícija 23.33 the police 5. no evidence for borrowing милиция
pravá 23.34 the driver's license 5. no evidence for borrowing права
mašɨna nōm’er 23.35 the license plate 5. no evidence for borrowing машына но̄мер
svid’ét’el’stva 23.36 the birth certificate 5. no evidence for borrowing свидетельства
vierr’-tūjj 23.37 the crime 5. no evidence for borrowing ве̄ррь-тӯйй
vɨborɨ 23.38 the election 5. no evidence for borrowing выборы
adres 23.385 the address 1. clearly borrowed адрес
cɨffra 23.39 the number 1. clearly borrowed цыфра
nōm’er 23.39 the number 1. clearly borrowed но̄мер
jētkas 23.395 the street 5. no evidence for borrowing е̄ткас
pošta 23.4 the post/mail 1. clearly borrowed пошта
mārrka 23.41 the postage stamp 1. clearly borrowed ма̄ррка
kɨrrj 23.42 the letter 1. clearly borrowed кыррьй
atkrɨtka 23.43 the postcard 5. no evidence for borrowing аткрытка
baŋŋk 23.44 the bank 1. clearly borrowed баӈӈк
krann 23.5 the tap/faucet 1. clearly borrowed кранн
pessem-kārr’ 23.51 the sink 5. no evidence for borrowing пэссэм-ка̄ррь
tualeht 23.52 the toilet 1. clearly borrowed туалеhт
pier’en’ 23.53 the mattress 1. clearly borrowed пе̄ренҍ
korbenč 23.54 the tin/can 1. clearly borrowed корбэнч
vɨnnht 23.55 the screw 1. clearly borrowed выӊӊт
atv’értka 23.555 the screwdriver 5. no evidence for borrowing атвертка
sul’a 23.56 the bottle 1. clearly borrowed суля
neallkas 23.565 the candy/sweets 5. no evidence for borrowing ня̄ллкас
plasmás 23.57 the plastic 5. no evidence for borrowing пласмас
pomm 23.575 the bomb 1. clearly borrowed помм
zavodt 23.58 the workshop 1. clearly borrowed заводт
sigar’ét 23.59 the cigarette 5. no evidence for borrowing сигарет
gaz’ét 23.6 the newspaper 1. clearly borrowed газет
kal’endár’ 23.61 the calendar 5. no evidence for borrowing календарь
kīna 23.62 the film/movie 1. clearly borrowed кӣна
muzɨka 23.63 the music 5. no evidence for borrowing музыка
lāvvl 23.64 the song 2. probably borrowed ла̄ввл
čajj 23.9 the tea 1. clearly borrowed чайй
kōfe 23.91 the coffee 1. clearly borrowed ко̄фэ
lījje 24.01 to be 5. no evidence for borrowing лӣйе
šēnnte 24.02 to become 1. clearly borrowed шэ̄ннтэ
-xa 24.03 without 5. no evidence for borrowing -ха
-еn’ 24.04 with 5. no evidence for borrowing -энҍ
mīll’te 24.04 with 2. probably borrowed мӣлльтэ
rast 24.05 through 5. no evidence for borrowing раст
e- 24.06 not 5. no evidence for borrowing э-
tadt 24.07 this 5. no evidence for borrowing тадт
tudt 24.08 that 5. no evidence for borrowing тудт
što 24.08 that 1. clearly borrowed што
tes’t 24.09 here 5. no evidence for borrowing тэсьт
tam’pe 24.1 there 5. no evidence for borrowing тамьпэ
mudta 24.11 other 5. no evidence for borrowing мудта
nɨmm’p 24.12 next 5. no evidence for borrowing ныммьп второй ныммьп
eftnalšem 24.13 same 5. no evidence for borrowing эфтналшэм
nimēnn 24.14 nothing 5. no evidence for borrowing нимэ̄нн
nie- 24.99907 (negative marker) 1. clearly borrowed не-
ne (Russian )
same 24.99911 (superlative marker) 1. clearly borrowed самэ
katóre 24.99917 which 1. clearly borrowed каторэ
a 24.99901 and or but 1. clearly borrowed а
a (Russian )
=še 24.99901 and or but 1. clearly borrowed -шэ