Ket Vocabulary

by Edward Vajda & Andrey Nefedov

The vocabulary contains 1262 meaning-word pairs from the recipient language Ket . The corresponding text chapter was published in the book "Loanwords in the World's Languages". The language page Ket contains a list of all loanwords arranged by donor languoid.

The word is given in the usual orthography or transcription, and in the usual citation form.

Click on a word to get even more information than is shown in this table.

The Loanword Typology code is the identifier of the Loanword Typology meaning. Sorting by LWT Code sorts the words thematically by semantic field.
This column shows the labels of the Loanword Typology meanings. By clicking on a meaning label, you get more information about the meaning, as well as a list of all words that are counterparts of that meaning.

There are five borrowed statuses, reflecting decreasing likelihood that the word is a loanword:

  1. clearly borrowed
  2. probably borrowed
  3. perhaps borrowed
  4. very little evidence for borrowing
  5. no evidence for borrowing
This is the time period during which the word is hypothesized to have come into the language as a loanword, or during which it is first attested, or for which it can be reconstructed.
This gives the usual written form for languages that do not use the Latin script.
For (possible) loanwords, this column shows the words in the source languages that served as models.
Word LWT Code Meaning Borrowed Status Source Words
[help] [help] [help] [help] [help]
baˀŋ 1.21 the land 5. no evidence for borrowing
baˀŋ 1.212 the soil 5. no evidence for borrowing
huˀs 1.213 the dust 5. no evidence for borrowing
altəq 1.214 the mud 5. no evidence for borrowing
sīn 1.214 the mud 5. no evidence for borrowing
hənaŋ 1.215 the sand 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaˀj 1.22 the mountain or hill 5. no evidence for borrowing
tɯ̄ 1.222 the cliff or precipice 5. no evidence for borrowing
embaŋ 1.23 the plain 5. no evidence for borrowing
ēj (1) 1.25 the island 5. no evidence for borrowing
baˀŋ 1.26 the mainland 5. no evidence for borrowing
sest baˀŋ 1.27 the shore 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulbaŋt 1.27 the shore 5. no evidence for borrowing
ogə 1.28 the cave 5. no evidence for borrowing
ūl 1.31 the water 5. no evidence for borrowing
mora 1.32 the sea 1. clearly borrowed
ə̄n (1) 1.322 calm 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaˀ bēj 1.323 rough(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
qool 1.324 the foam 5. no evidence for borrowing
mora 1.329 the ocean 1. clearly borrowed
deˀ 1.33 the lake 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoˀl 1.34 the bay 5. no evidence for borrowing
tugd 1.34 the bay 5. no evidence for borrowing
solgup 1.343 the cape 5. no evidence for borrowing
anbok 1.35 the wave 5. no evidence for borrowing
sēs 1.36 the river or stream 5. no evidence for borrowing
qōks 1.36 the river or stream 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯsul 1.362 the whirlpool 5. no evidence for borrowing
uldʌptaŋbaŋ 1.362 the whirlpool 5. no evidence for borrowing
telɣil 1.362 the whirlpool 5. no evidence for borrowing
qōks 1.37 the spring or well 5. no evidence for borrowing
deŋniŋ 1.38 the swamp 5. no evidence for borrowing
deˀ 1.38 the swamp 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulteɣin 1.38 the swamp 5. no evidence for borrowing
daŋtaɣan 1.38 the swamp 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaʁɯn 1.39 the waterfall 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯssej 1.41 the woods or forest 5. no evidence for borrowing
areŋ 1.41 the woods or forest 5. no evidence for borrowing
les 1.41 the woods or forest 1. clearly borrowed
les ( Russian )
ōks 1.43 the wood 5. no evidence for borrowing
təˀs 1.44 the stone or rock 5. no evidence for borrowing
ēs 1.51 the sky 5. no evidence for borrowing
ī (1) 1.52 the sun 5. no evidence for borrowing
qīp 1.53 the moon 5. no evidence for borrowing
qòʁ 1.54 the star 5. no evidence for borrowing
ekŋ, ekin 1.56 the thunder 5. no evidence for borrowing
ekkinna boˀk 1.57 the bolt of lightning 5. no evidence for borrowing
aqqot 1.59 the rainbow 5. no evidence for borrowing
kəns 1.61 the light 5. no evidence for borrowing
qonijs 1.62 the darkness 5. no evidence for borrowing
qonsal 1.63 the shade or shadow 5. no evidence for borrowing
qonij baˀŋ 1.63 the shade or shadow 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulan 1.64 the dew 5. no evidence for borrowing
ii 1.71 the air 5. no evidence for borrowing
bēj 1.72 the wind 5. no evidence for borrowing
espul 1.73 the cloud 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulij 1.74 the fog 5. no evidence for borrowing
ules 1.75 the rain 5. no evidence for borrowing
beˀt 1.76 the snow 5. no evidence for borrowing
qō (1) 1.77 the ice 5. no evidence for borrowing
morat boˀk 1.771 the arctic lights 5. no evidence for borrowing
təəl 1.775 to freeze 5. no evidence for borrowing
ēs 1.78 the weather 5. no evidence for borrowing
boˀk 1.81 the fire 5. no evidence for borrowing
boˀk 1.82 the flame 5. no evidence for borrowing
duˀ 1.83 the smoke 5. no evidence for borrowing
ii 1.831 the steam 5. no evidence for borrowing
qolan 1.84 the ash 5. no evidence for borrowing
kəlta 1.841 the embers 5. no evidence for borrowing
duut 1.851 to burn(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
inoʁat 1.852 to burn(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
duut 1.86 to light 5. no evidence for borrowing
unij 1.861 to extinguish 5. no evidence for borrowing
piska 1.87 the match 1. clearly borrowed
aˀq (1) 1.88 the firewood 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuˀ 1.89 the charcoal 5. no evidence for borrowing
keˀt 2.1 the person 5. no evidence for borrowing
keˀt 2.21 the man 5. no evidence for borrowing
qīm 2.22 the woman 5. no evidence for borrowing
hīɣ 2.23 male(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
qīm 2.24 female(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
higdɯl 2.25 the boy 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiɣet 2.251 the young man 5. no evidence for borrowing
qimdɯl 2.26 the girl 5. no evidence for borrowing
qīm 2.261 the young woman 5. no evidence for borrowing
dɯ̄l 2.27 the child(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
dɯ̄l 2.28 the baby 5. no evidence for borrowing
tēt 2.31 the husband 5. no evidence for borrowing
qīm 2.32 the wife 5. no evidence for borrowing
qimas 2.33 to marry 5. no evidence for borrowing
tetos 2.33 to marry 5. no evidence for borrowing
badba 2.34 the wedding 1. clearly borrowed
ōp 2.35 the father 5. no evidence for borrowing
ām 2.36 the mother 5. no evidence for borrowing
ovaŋ 2.37 the parents 5. no evidence for borrowing
amaŋ 2.37 the parents 5. no evidence for borrowing
tēt 2.38 the married man 5. no evidence for borrowing
qīm 2.39 the married woman 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯˀp 2.41 the son 5. no evidence for borrowing
huˀn 2.42 the daughter 5. no evidence for borrowing
dɯ̄l 2.43 the child(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
hiɣbisep 2.44 the brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
qà hiɣbisep 2.444 the older brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
həna hiɣbisep 2.445 the younger brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
qīm bisep 2.45 the sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
qà qimbisep 2.454 the older sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
həna qimbisep 2.455 the younger sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
bisep 2.456 the sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
qà bisep 2.4561 the older sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
həna bisep 2.4562 the younger sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
əəlsin 2.458 the twins 5. no evidence for borrowing
qīp 2.46 the grandfather 5. no evidence for borrowing
baat 2.461 the old man 5. no evidence for borrowing
qima 2.47 the grandmother 5. no evidence for borrowing
baam 2.471 the old woman 5. no evidence for borrowing
qima haj qīp 2.4711 the grandparents 5. no evidence for borrowing
qàl, qaloq 2.48 the grandson 5. no evidence for borrowing
qàl, qaloq 2.49 the granddaughter 5. no evidence for borrowing
qàl, qaloq 2.5 the grandchild 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaloq 2.5 the grandchild 5. no evidence for borrowing
beˀp 2.51 the uncle 5. no evidence for borrowing
qōj 2.51 the uncle 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoja 2.51 the uncle 5. no evidence for borrowing
bīs (1) 2.511 the mother's brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
beˀp 2.511 the mother's brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
qōj 2.511 the mother's brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
beˀp 2.512 the father's brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
qōj 2.512 the father's brother 5. no evidence for borrowing
beˀp 2.52 the aunt 5. no evidence for borrowing
qōj 2.52 the aunt 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoja 2.52 the aunt 5. no evidence for borrowing
beˀp 2.522 the father's sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
qōj 2.522 the father's sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoja 2.522 the father's sister 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯtet 2.53 the nephew 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯtam 2.54 the niece 5. no evidence for borrowing
dɯ̄l 2.541 the sibling’s child 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯnamas bisep 2.55 the cousin 5. no evidence for borrowing
əlel bisep 2.55 the cousin 5. no evidence for borrowing
amdun 2.55 the cousin 5. no evidence for borrowing
amdus 2.55 the cousin 5. no evidence for borrowing
əʁaj bataŋ 2.56 the ancestors 5. no evidence for borrowing
kəˀt 2.57 the descendants 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoktə deˀŋ 2.57 the descendants 5. no evidence for borrowing
qibbat 2.61 the father-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
qibbat 2.611 the father-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
qimam, qimambaam 2.62 the mother-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
qimam, qimambaam 2.621 the mother-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
qibbamaŋ 2.622 the parents-in-law 5. no evidence for borrowing
èn 2.63 the son-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
beˀp 2.63 the son-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
èn 2.631 the son-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
beˀp 2.631 the son-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
èn 2.64 the daughter-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
enam 2.64 the daughter-in-law (of a man) 5. no evidence for borrowing
èn 2.641 the daughter-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
enam 2.641 the daughter-in-law (of a woman) 5. no evidence for borrowing
èn 2.6411 the child-in-law 5. no evidence for borrowing
èn 2.6412 the sibling-in-law 5. no evidence for borrowing
oppas 2.71 the stepfather 5. no evidence for borrowing
ammas 2.72 the stepmother 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯppas 2.73 the stepson 5. no evidence for borrowing
hunnas 2.74 the stepdaughter 5. no evidence for borrowing
bəjba 2.75 the orphan 5. no evidence for borrowing
bəssem 2.76 the widow 5. no evidence for borrowing
bəsselgit 2.77 the widower 5. no evidence for borrowing
ətna deˀŋ 2.81 the relatives 5. no evidence for borrowing
ətna deˀŋ 2.82 the family 5. no evidence for borrowing
āt 2.91 I 5. no evidence for borrowing
ū (1) 2.92 you (singular) 5. no evidence for borrowing
2.93 he/she/it 5. no evidence for borrowing
2.931 he 5. no evidence for borrowing
2.932 she 5. no evidence for borrowing
ture 2.933 it 5. no evidence for borrowing
ə̄t 2.94 we 5. no evidence for borrowing
ə̄t 2.941 we (inclusive) 5. no evidence for borrowing
ə̄t 2.942 we (exclusive) 5. no evidence for borrowing
ə̄k 2.95 you (plural) 5. no evidence for borrowing
būŋ 2.96 they 5. no evidence for borrowing
assel 3.11 the animal 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯˀk 3.12 male(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
hàŋ 3.13 female(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
uu 3.16 the pasture 5. no evidence for borrowing
senkalabelsˀ 3.18 the herdsman 5. no evidence for borrowing
sennos 3.19 the stable or stall 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯ̄ks 3.21 the bull 5. no evidence for borrowing
qopta 3.22 the ox 1. clearly borrowed
kuˀs 3.23 the cow 5. no evidence for borrowing
ollas 3.24 the calf 3. perhaps borrowed
opsa 3.25 the sheep 1. clearly borrowed
mina, bina 3.34 the sow 1. clearly borrowed
mina, bina 3.35 the pig 1. clearly borrowed
kōn 3.41 the horse 1. clearly borrowed
ɯkkon 3.42 the stallion 5. no evidence for borrowing
haŋkon 3.44 the mare 5. no evidence for borrowing
kongit 3.45 the foal or colt 5. no evidence for borrowing
tēm 3.56 the goose 5. no evidence for borrowing
bəˀn 3.57 the duck 5. no evidence for borrowing
eŋgaj 3.58 the nest 5. no evidence for borrowing
keŋassel 3.581 the bird 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaleŋ 3.582 the seagull 5. no evidence for borrowing
diˀ (1) 3.584 the eagle 5. no evidence for borrowing
qàŋ 3.585 the hawk 5. no evidence for borrowing
qàŋ 3.586 the vulture 5. no evidence for borrowing
həlataŋ kēŋs 3.591 the bat 5. no evidence for borrowing
kɯ̄l 3.593 the crow 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯˀj 3.596 the owl 5. no evidence for borrowing
tīp 3.61 the dog 5. no evidence for borrowing
beˀs 3.614 the rabbit 5. no evidence for borrowing
koska 3.62 the cat 1. clearly borrowed
ùt 3.63 the mouse or rat 5. no evidence for borrowing
īs 3.65 the fish 5. no evidence for borrowing
bisl 3.652 the fin 5. no evidence for borrowing
tajbisl 3.652 the fin 5. no evidence for borrowing
isaŋtij 3.653 the scale 5. no evidence for borrowing
saglaŋ 3.654 the gill 5. no evidence for borrowing
əld ol 3.655 the shell 5. no evidence for borrowing
qɯ̄t 3.71 the wolf 5. no evidence for borrowing
qòj 3.73 the bear 5. no evidence for borrowing
kəʁɯn 3.74 the fox 5. no evidence for borrowing
sèl 3.75 the deer 5. no evidence for borrowing
lamtol 3.81 the insect 5. no evidence for borrowing
ə̀ɣ 3.811 the head louse 5. no evidence for borrowing
ə̀ɣ 3.8112 the body louse 5. no evidence for borrowing
əɣnok 3.812 the nit 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəˀn 3.813 the flea 5. no evidence for borrowing
qə̄nt 3.817 the ant 5. no evidence for borrowing
elim 3.818 the spider 5. no evidence for borrowing
elimd unaŋ 3.819 the spider web 5. no evidence for borrowing
bɯst 3.82 the bee 5. no evidence for borrowing
ool (1) 3.822 the beehive 5. no evidence for borrowing
bɯst 3.823 the wasp 5. no evidence for borrowing
qajmuk 3.83 the fly 5. no evidence for borrowing
tɯ̄t (1) 3.831 the sandfly or midge or gnat 5. no evidence for borrowing
sūj 3.832 the mosquito 5. no evidence for borrowing
utiɣ 3.84 the worm 5. no evidence for borrowing
tìɣ 3.85 the snake 5. no evidence for borrowing
beˀs 3.863 the hare 5. no evidence for borrowing
saˀq 3.869 the squirrel 5. no evidence for borrowing
sèl 3.871 the reindeer/caribou 5. no evidence for borrowing
qàj 3.872 the elk/moose 5. no evidence for borrowing
laˀt 3.873 the beaver 5. no evidence for borrowing
kumlej 3.92 the butterfly 5. no evidence for borrowing
dansolejs 3.93 the grasshopper 5. no evidence for borrowing
əˀl 3.94 the snail 5. no evidence for borrowing
əˀl 3.95 the frog 5. no evidence for borrowing
tulin 3.96 the lizard 5. no evidence for borrowing
kīt (1) 4.11 the body 5. no evidence for borrowing
iŋolt 4.12 the skin or hide 5. no evidence for borrowing
kīt (1) 4.13 the flesh 5. no evidence for borrowing
tə̄ŋ 4.14 the hair 5. no evidence for borrowing
kūl 4.142 the beard 5. no evidence for borrowing
qār 4.144 the body hair 5. no evidence for borrowing
qār 4.145 the pubic hair 5. no evidence for borrowing
qōl 4.146 the dandruff 5. no evidence for borrowing
sūl 4.15 the blood 5. no evidence for borrowing
sulaŋ 4.151 the vein or artery 5. no evidence for borrowing
aˀt (1) 4.16 the bone 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulat 4.162 the rib 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoˀ 4.17 the horn 5. no evidence for borrowing
huut 4.18 the tail 5. no evidence for borrowing
hiˀs 4.18 the tail 5. no evidence for borrowing
horap 4.18 the tail 5. no evidence for borrowing
qovet 4.19 the back 5. no evidence for borrowing
qovetat 4.191 the spine 5. no evidence for borrowing
kəjga 4.2 the head 5. no evidence for borrowing
haksemət 4.201 the temples 5. no evidence for borrowing
haksut 4.201 the temples 5. no evidence for borrowing
doŋol 4.202 the skull 5. no evidence for borrowing
doˀŋ (1) 4.203 the brain 5. no evidence for borrowing
bāt 4.204 the face 5. no evidence for borrowing
battat 4.205 the forehead 5. no evidence for borrowing
ittas 4.207 the jaw 5. no evidence for borrowing
qolet 4.208 the cheek 5. no evidence for borrowing
ittas 4.209 the chin 5. no evidence for borrowing
dēs 4.21 the eye 5. no evidence for borrowing
destat 4.212 the eyebrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
dest iŋolt 4.213 the eyelid 5. no evidence for borrowing
dest qār 4.214 the eyelash 5. no evidence for borrowing
laɣaj 4.215 to blink 5. no evidence for borrowing
ogde 4.22 the ear 5. no evidence for borrowing
ogdekup 4.221 the earlobe 5. no evidence for borrowing
olən 4.23 the nose 5. no evidence for borrowing
olənd quk 4.231 the nostril 5. no evidence for borrowing
qō (2) 4.24 the mouth 5. no evidence for borrowing
kūp 4.241 the beak 5. no evidence for borrowing
lōn 4.25 the lip 5. no evidence for borrowing
ēj (2) 4.26 the tongue 5. no evidence for borrowing
ìt 4.27 the tooth 5. no evidence for borrowing
iteŋkit 4.271 the gums 5. no evidence for borrowing
akil ìt 4.272 the molar tooth 5. no evidence for borrowing
kə̄qt 4.28 the neck 5. no evidence for borrowing
kə̄qt 4.281 the nape of the neck 5. no evidence for borrowing
kəlat 4.29 the throat 5. no evidence for borrowing
kentul 4.3 the shoulder 5. no evidence for borrowing
dāp 4.301 the shoulderblade 5. no evidence for borrowing
pamet 4.302 the collarbone 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯɯl 4.31 the arm 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoltaŋaj 4.312 the armpit 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulgit 4.32 the elbow 5. no evidence for borrowing
laŋat 4.321 the wrist 5. no evidence for borrowing
laŋat 4.33 the hand 5. no evidence for borrowing
qopt 4.331 the palm of the hand 5. no evidence for borrowing
təˀq 4.34 the finger 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəəl 4.342 the thumb 5. no evidence for borrowing
ìn 4.344 the fingernail 5. no evidence for borrowing
ìn 4.345 the claw 5. no evidence for borrowing
būl 4.35 the leg 5. no evidence for borrowing
diˀ (2) 4.351 the thigh 5. no evidence for borrowing
qopqul, qopqu 4.352 the calf of the leg 5. no evidence for borrowing
batpul 4.36 the knee 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiˀs 4.37 the foot 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiˀs 4.371 the ankle 5. no evidence for borrowing
səət 4.372 the heel 5. no evidence for borrowing
bulsej 4.374 the footprint 5. no evidence for borrowing
buluk 4.374 the footprint 5. no evidence for borrowing
təˀq 4.38 the toe 5. no evidence for borrowing
keˀs 4.392 the wing 5. no evidence for borrowing
às 4.393 the feather 5. no evidence for borrowing
təɣa 4.4 the chest 5. no evidence for borrowing
maˀm 4.41 the breast 5. no evidence for borrowing
mamtkup 4.412 the nipple or teat 5. no evidence for borrowing
maˀm 4.42 the udder 5. no evidence for borrowing
tɯ̄l 4.43 the navel 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯ̄j 4.431 the belly 5. no evidence for borrowing
huu 4.44 the heart 5. no evidence for borrowing
mensiŋ 4.441 the lung 5. no evidence for borrowing
sēŋ 4.45 the liver 5. no evidence for borrowing
bejbul 4.451 the kidney 5. no evidence for borrowing
serap 4.452 the spleen 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯ̄j 4.46 the stomach 5. no evidence for borrowing
tùl 4.461 the intestines or guts 5. no evidence for borrowing
kussej 4.462 the waist 5. no evidence for borrowing
diˀ (2) 4.463 the hip 5. no evidence for borrowing
koˀt 4.464 the buttocks 5. no evidence for borrowing
daˀl 4.465 the sinew or tendon 5. no evidence for borrowing
āmd hɯ̄j 4.47 the womb 5. no evidence for borrowing
oltaŋ 4.49 the testicles 5. no evidence for borrowing
bɯˀs 4.492 the penis 5. no evidence for borrowing
lōs 4.493 the vagina 5. no evidence for borrowing
lōs 4.494 the vulva 5. no evidence for borrowing
ilbet (1) 4.51 to breathe 5. no evidence for borrowing
esqontiŋ 4.52 to yawn 5. no evidence for borrowing
elaj 4.521 to hiccough 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaqtɯmej 4.53 to cough 5. no evidence for borrowing
ìr 4.54 to sneeze 5. no evidence for borrowing
ā (1) 4.55 to perspire 5. no evidence for borrowing
ultij (1) 4.56 to spit 5. no evidence for borrowing
kɯˀŋ 4.57 to vomit 5. no evidence for borrowing
laptaq 4.58 to bite 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoo 4.59 to lick 5. no evidence for borrowing
usen 4.61 to sleep 5. no evidence for borrowing
aŋorej 4.612 to snore 5. no evidence for borrowing
sittej 4.63 to wake up 5. no evidence for borrowing
kottej 4.64 to fart 5. no evidence for borrowing
dəstin 4.65 to piss 5. no evidence for borrowing
horbet 4.66 to shit 5. no evidence for borrowing
ajabet 4.67 to have sex 5. no evidence for borrowing
loqŋ 4.68 to shiver 5. no evidence for borrowing
tɯltet 4.69 to bathe 5. no evidence for borrowing
sitaq 4.72 to be born 5. no evidence for borrowing
qessej 4.73 pregnant 5. no evidence for borrowing
dɯlbet 4.732 to conceive 5. no evidence for borrowing
dəˀq 4.74 to be alive 5. no evidence for borrowing
dəˀq 4.741 the life 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoreŋ 4.75 to die 5. no evidence for borrowing
bōŋ 4.7501 dead 5. no evidence for borrowing
ultaq 4.751 to drown 5. no evidence for borrowing
èj 4.76 to kill 5. no evidence for borrowing
bōŋ 4.77 the corpse 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoreŋs 4.771 the carcass 5. no evidence for borrowing
kɯlto 4.78 to bury 5. no evidence for borrowing
baŋol (1) 4.79 the grave 5. no evidence for borrowing
bɯ̄t 4.81 strong 5. no evidence for borrowing
ūɣan 4.82 weak 5. no evidence for borrowing
ooŋ 4.83 healthy 5. no evidence for borrowing
àr 4.84 sick/ill 5. no evidence for borrowing
dajeŋ 4.84 sick/ill 5. no evidence for borrowing
aleŋ 4.84 sick/ill 5. no evidence for borrowing
ā (1) 4.841 the fever 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaqtɯm 4.843 the cold 5. no evidence for borrowing
ajeŋ 4.844 the disease 5. no evidence for borrowing
ajeŋ 4.85 the wound or sore 5. no evidence for borrowing
baŋol (2) 4.852 the bruise 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯˀŋ 4.853 the swelling 5. no evidence for borrowing
əɣatn 4.854 the itch 5. no evidence for borrowing
inkit 4.8541 to scratch 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulaj 4.855 the blister 5. no evidence for borrowing
boksa 4.856 the boil 5. no evidence for borrowing
sibaŋ 4.856 the boil 5. no evidence for borrowing
doˀŋ (1) 4.857 the pus 5. no evidence for borrowing
binaʁols 4.858 the scar 5. no evidence for borrowing
sēj 4.858 the scar 5. no evidence for borrowing
lečitbet 4.86 to cure 1. clearly borrowed
peršep 4.87 the physician 1. clearly borrowed
doktor 4.87 the physician 1. clearly borrowed
nekura 4.88 the medicine 1. clearly borrowed
lekarsvo 4.88 the medicine 1. clearly borrowed
sēl daan 4.89 the poison 5. no evidence for borrowing
uŋbet 4.912 to rest 5. no evidence for borrowing
urok 4.92 lazy 5. no evidence for borrowing
totpul 4.93 bald 5. no evidence for borrowing
kispan 4.94 lame 5. no evidence for borrowing
tɯ̄t (2) 4.95 deaf 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaɣan 4.96 mute 5. no evidence for borrowing
utpan 4.97 blind 5. no evidence for borrowing
uldo 4.98 drunk 5. no evidence for borrowing
tonol 4.99 naked 5. no evidence for borrowing
sìj 5.11 to eat 5. no evidence for borrowing
iliŋis 5.12 the food 5. no evidence for borrowing
ə̄n (2) 5.121 cooked 5. no evidence for borrowing
5.122 raw 5. no evidence for borrowing
daqŋ (1) 5.123 ripe 5. no evidence for borrowing
bə̄n daqŋ 5.124 unripe 5. no evidence for borrowing
sīn 5.125 rotten 5. no evidence for borrowing
dop 5.13 to drink 5. no evidence for borrowing
isas 5.14 to be hungry 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoʁot 5.141 the famine 5. no evidence for borrowing
udos 5.15 to be thirsty 5. no evidence for borrowing
ut 5.16 to suck 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯla 5.18 to chew 5. no evidence for borrowing
doo (1) 5.181 to swallow 5. no evidence for borrowing
doq 5.181 to swallow 5. no evidence for borrowing
halloj 5.19 to choke 5. no evidence for borrowing
ə̄n (2) 5.21 to cook 5. no evidence for borrowing
ə̄n (2) 5.22 to boil 5. no evidence for borrowing
daqŋ (2) 5.23 to roast or fry 5. no evidence for borrowing
nanbet 5.24 to bake 5. no evidence for borrowing
təŋgat 5.25 the oven 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuptɯn 5.26 the pot 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuptɯn 5.27 the kettle 5. no evidence for borrowing
sajnik 5.27 the kettle 1. clearly borrowed
kojil 5.28 the pan 5. no evidence for borrowing
tarelka 5.32 the plate 1. clearly borrowed
taska 5.33 the bowl 1. clearly borrowed
taska 5.35 the cup 1. clearly borrowed
belis 5.36 the saucer 1. clearly borrowed
qɯ̄kt 5.37 the spoon 5. no evidence for borrowing
doˀn 5.38 the knife(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
sagdol 5.39 the fork 5. no evidence for borrowing
atəp 5.391 the tongs 5. no evidence for borrowing
iliŋis 5.41 the meal 5. no evidence for borrowing
qonokssajdo 5.42 the breakfast 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoŋsajdo 5.43 the lunch 5. no evidence for borrowing
bissajdo 5.44 the dinner 5. no evidence for borrowing
bissajdo 5.45 the supper 5. no evidence for borrowing
ojqos 5.46 to peel 5. no evidence for borrowing
utukŋ 5.47 to sieve or to strain 5. no evidence for borrowing
qɯ̀r 5.48 to scrape 5. no evidence for borrowing
estij 5.49 to stir or to mix 5. no evidence for borrowing
naˀn 5.51 the bread 3. perhaps borrowed
kisla 5.53 the dough 1. clearly borrowed
tultangit 5.54 to knead 5. no evidence for borrowing
talɯn 5.55 the flour 1. clearly borrowed
hingit 5.56 to crush or to grind 5. no evidence for borrowing
5.58 the mortar(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
handaŋs 5.59 the pestle 5. no evidence for borrowing
īs 5.61 the meat 5. no evidence for borrowing
aal 5.64 the soup 5. no evidence for borrowing
daan 5.65 the vegetables 5. no evidence for borrowing
kaltoksa 5.7 the potato 1. clearly borrowed
īm 5.77 the nut 5. no evidence for borrowing
silgit 5.79 the oil 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiˀt (1) 5.791 the grease or fat 5. no evidence for borrowing
təˀ 5.81 the salt 5. no evidence for borrowing
bogij 5.82 the pepper 5. no evidence for borrowing
meˀt (1) 5.84 the honey 1. clearly borrowed
saar 5.85 the sugar 1. clearly borrowed
mamul 5.86 the milk 5. no evidence for borrowing
mamlan 5.87 to milk 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiˀt (1) 5.89 the butter 5. no evidence for borrowing
daandul 5.9 the drink 5. no evidence for borrowing
ūl 5.92 the wine 5. no evidence for borrowing
ūl 5.94 the fermented drink 5. no evidence for borrowing
eˀj 5.97 the egg 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəlajs 5.971 the yolk 5. no evidence for borrowing
qīl 6.11 to put on 5. no evidence for borrowing
sujgiŋ 6.21 the cloth 5. no evidence for borrowing
qār 6.22 the wool 5. no evidence for borrowing
solga 6.25 the silk 1. clearly borrowed
qār 6.28 the fur 5. no evidence for borrowing
həlat 6.29 the leather 5. no evidence for borrowing
həə 6.31 to spin 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯlem 6.32 the spindle 5. no evidence for borrowing
həə 6.33 to weave 5. no evidence for borrowing
həlsej 6.35 to sew 5. no evidence for borrowing
ìn 6.36 the needle(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
duˀt 6.37 the awl 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiˀ (1) 6.38 the thread 5. no evidence for borrowing
sukkit 6.39 to dye 5. no evidence for borrowing
sujat 6.42 the (woman's) dress 5. no evidence for borrowing
qotlam 6.43 the coat 5. no evidence for borrowing
sujat 6.44 the shirt 5. no evidence for borrowing
sujatkəqt 6.45 the collar 5. no evidence for borrowing
taˀn 6.46 the skirt 5. no evidence for borrowing
aleŋ 6.48 the trousers 5. no evidence for borrowing
bulol 6.49 the sock or stocking 5. no evidence for borrowing
maspuk 6.51 the shoe 1. clearly borrowed
sagde 6.52 the boot 5. no evidence for borrowing
dɯˀ 6.55 the hat or cap 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuˀt 6.57 the belt 5. no evidence for borrowing
bōq 6.58 the glove 5. no evidence for borrowing
karman 6.61 the pocket 1. clearly borrowed
həltaŋ 6.62 the button 5. no evidence for borrowing
ìn 6.63 the pin 5. no evidence for borrowing
tɯraŋ 6.71 the ornament or adornment 5. no evidence for borrowing
iriŋ 6.71 the ornament or adornment 5. no evidence for borrowing
təʁol 6.73 the ring 5. no evidence for borrowing
iltəp 6.74 the bracelet 5. no evidence for borrowing
qonlut 6.75 the necklace 5. no evidence for borrowing
qondis 6.76 the bead 5. no evidence for borrowing
oqtan 6.77 the earring 5. no evidence for borrowing
sujd 6.78 the headband or headdress 5. no evidence for borrowing
tolaŋ 6.81 the handkerchief or rag 5. no evidence for borrowing
holos 6.82 the towel 1. clearly borrowed
tuɣun 6.91 the comb 5. no evidence for borrowing
bəjbul 6.921 the plait/braid 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuldos 6.93 the razor 5. no evidence for borrowing
maˀs 6.94 the ointment 1. clearly borrowed
kujbol 6.95 the soap 5. no evidence for borrowing
deskəŋejroks 6.96 the mirror 5. no evidence for borrowing
asl 6.98 the snowshoe 5. no evidence for borrowing
dəˀq 7.11 to live 5. no evidence for borrowing
iŋɢus 7.12 the house 5. no evidence for borrowing
quˀs 7.13 the hut 5. no evidence for borrowing
quˀs 7.14 the tent 5. no evidence for borrowing
əlbaŋ 7.15 the yard or court 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯ̄j 7.21 the room 5. no evidence for borrowing
ella 7.22 the door or gate 5. no evidence for borrowing
lamel 7.22 the door or gate 5. no evidence for borrowing
sambok 7.23 the lock 1. clearly borrowed
sambok 7.231 the latch or door-bolt 1. clearly borrowed
sambok 7.232 the padlock 1. clearly borrowed
kulis 7.24 the key 1. clearly borrowed
qoqpul 7.25 the window 5. no evidence for borrowing
baˀŋ 7.26 the floor 5. no evidence for borrowing
tona, tena 7.27 the wall 1. clearly borrowed
bogdot 7.31 the fireplace 5. no evidence for borrowing
təŋgat 7.32 the stove 5. no evidence for borrowing
èr (1) 7.33 the chimney 5. no evidence for borrowing
bulaŋdoks 7.37 the ladder 5. no evidence for borrowing
oŋnas 7.42 the bed 5. no evidence for borrowing
təŋnas 7.421 the pillow 5. no evidence for borrowing
usens 7.422 the blanket 5. no evidence for borrowing
uŋoks 7.43 the chair 5. no evidence for borrowing
laˀm 7.44 the table 5. no evidence for borrowing
duroks 7.45 the lamp or torch 5. no evidence for borrowing
lampa 7.45 the lamp or torch 1. clearly borrowed
dikkit 7.46 the candle 5. no evidence for borrowing
laˀm 7.47 the shelf 5. no evidence for borrowing
korta 7.48 the trough 1. clearly borrowed
sɯˀk 7.48 the trough 5. no evidence for borrowing
iŋɢust hāt 7.51 the roof 5. no evidence for borrowing
sejoks 7.54 the rafter 5. no evidence for borrowing
remna 7.55 the beam 1. clearly borrowed
koˀl 7.56 the post or pole 1. clearly borrowed
kol ( Russian )
laˀm 7.57 the board 5. no evidence for borrowing
eeboks 7.58 the arch 5. no evidence for borrowing
utoloks 7.58 the arch 5. no evidence for borrowing
itaŋ 7.65 the camp 5. no evidence for borrowing
uu 8.12 the field 5. no evidence for borrowing
ogora 8.13 the garden 1. clearly borrowed
ogorod 8.16 the fence 1. clearly borrowed
qɯ̀r 8.22 to dig 5. no evidence for borrowing
sastop 8.23 the spade 1. clearly borrowed
eˀp 8.24 the shovel 5. no evidence for borrowing
kulep 8.24 the shovel 5. no evidence for borrowing
lopətka 8.24 the shovel 1. clearly borrowed
daan intijs 8.27 the rake 5. no evidence for borrowing
ōks 8.28 the digging stick (=yamstick) 5. no evidence for borrowing
sennosaŋ 8.29 the lasso 5. no evidence for borrowing
īm 8.311 the seed 5. no evidence for borrowing
haros 8.33 the sickle or scythe 5. no evidence for borrowing
uˀt 8.45 the rye 5. no evidence for borrowing
daan 8.51 the grass 5. no evidence for borrowing
qolaŋ daan 8.52 the hay 5. no evidence for borrowing
daan 8.53 the plant 5. no evidence for borrowing
tìr 8.54 the root 5. no evidence for borrowing
ə̄ɣ 8.55 the branch 5. no evidence for borrowing
əə 8.56 the leaf 5. no evidence for borrowing
aqta daan 8.57 the flower 5. no evidence for borrowing
ōks 8.6 the tree 5. no evidence for borrowing
ùs 8.63 the birch 5. no evidence for borrowing
ēj (3) 8.64 the pine 5. no evidence for borrowing
dɯ̄n 8.65 the fir 5. no evidence for borrowing
saˀl 8.68 the tobacco 2. probably borrowed
saldo 8.69 to smoke 5. no evidence for borrowing
kanča 8.691 the pipe 1. clearly borrowed
ekkinna boˀk 1.55 the lightning 5. no evidence for borrowing
suŋult 8.72 the tree stump 5. no evidence for borrowing
diˀ (2) 8.73 the tree trunk 5. no evidence for borrowing
sagdol 8.74 the forked branch 5. no evidence for borrowing
iŋolt 8.75 the bark 5. no evidence for borrowing
ūl 8.76 the sap 5. no evidence for borrowing
kītn 8.97 the nettle 5. no evidence for borrowing
bolba 8.98 the mushroom 5. no evidence for borrowing
seˀs 8.991 the larch 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoˀn 8.993 the needle(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
imilta 8.996 the cone 5. no evidence for borrowing
bèr (1) 9.11 to do 5. no evidence for borrowing
bèr (1) 9.111 to make 5. no evidence for borrowing
lovet 9.12 the work 1. clearly borrowed
haldej 9.14 to bend 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯɯltə 9.15 to fold 5. no evidence for borrowing
aŋej 9.16 to tie 5. no evidence for borrowing
ultij (2) 9.161 to untie 5. no evidence for borrowing
eɣaŋ 9.18 the chain 5. no evidence for borrowing
àŋ 9.19 the rope 5. no evidence for borrowing
boŋul 9.192 the knot 5. no evidence for borrowing
tàr 9.21 to strike or hit or beat 5. no evidence for borrowing
kòʁtet 9.211 to pound 5. no evidence for borrowing
doo (2) 9.22 to cut 5. no evidence for borrowing
aldo 9.221 to cut down 5. no evidence for borrowing
doo (2) 9.222 to chop 5. no evidence for borrowing
dontet 9.223 to stab 5. no evidence for borrowing
doˀn 9.23 the knife(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
atəpəl doˀn 9.24 the scissors or shears 5. no evidence for borrowing
tōɣ 9.25 the axe/ax 5. no evidence for borrowing
tesla 9.251 the adze 1. clearly borrowed
ilbet (2) 9.26 to break 5. no evidence for borrowing
ilbets 9.261 broken 5. no evidence for borrowing
untet 9.27 to split 5. no evidence for borrowing
undon 9.28 to tear 5. no evidence for borrowing
iŋdon 9.29 to skin 5. no evidence for borrowing
kīt (2) 9.31 to rub 5. no evidence for borrowing
abbet 9.311 to wipe 5. no evidence for borrowing
taŋaj 9.32 to stretch 5. no evidence for borrowing
tàŋ 9.33 to pull 5. no evidence for borrowing
qetlij 9.34 to spread out 5. no evidence for borrowing
aŋatij 9.341 to hang up 5. no evidence for borrowing
hataŋbet 9.342 to press 5. no evidence for borrowing
hataŋbet 9.343 to squeeze 5. no evidence for borrowing
ataq (1) 9.35 to pour 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulgaŋ 9.36 to wash 5. no evidence for borrowing
siɣit 9.37 to sweep 5. no evidence for borrowing
iliŋilt 9.38 the broom 5. no evidence for borrowing
siɣits 9.38 the broom 5. no evidence for borrowing
eŋŋuŋbers 9.43 the carpenter 5. no evidence for borrowing
tosa tɯjiŋɢat 9.44 to build 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəɣe 9.46 to bore 5. no evidence for borrowing
ugdij 9.461 to hollow out 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoŋis 9.48 the saw 5. no evidence for borrowing
huul 9.49 the hammer 5. no evidence for borrowing
iˀs 9.5 the nail 5. no evidence for borrowing
hiˀt 9.56 the glue 5. no evidence for borrowing
ejtets 9.6 the blacksmith 5. no evidence for borrowing
ejtet 9.61 to forge 5. no evidence for borrowing
aʁatl 9.62 the anvil 5. no evidence for borrowing
taɣəm eˀ 9.65 the silver 5. no evidence for borrowing
meˀt (2) 9.66 the copper 1. clearly borrowed
tula 9.66 the copper 5. no evidence for borrowing
təja 9.66 the copper 5. no evidence for borrowing
ē 9.67 the iron 5. no evidence for borrowing
bines, mines 9.68 the lead 1. clearly borrowed
umla 9.69 the tin or tinplate 1. clearly borrowed
tultan 9.73 the clay 2. probably borrowed
tekla 9.74 the glass 1. clearly borrowed
həə 9.75 to weave or plait/braid 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯɯt 9.76 the basket 5. no evidence for borrowing
qatl 9.77 the mat 5. no evidence for borrowing
qatl 9.771 the rug 5. no evidence for borrowing
doo (2) 9.81 to carve 5. no evidence for borrowing
eɣaros 9.84 the chisel 5. no evidence for borrowing
sūk (1) 9.88 the paint 5. no evidence for borrowing
sukkit 9.89 to paint 5. no evidence for borrowing
tavij 9.9 to draw water 5. no evidence for borrowing
iˀs 9.91 the peg 5. no evidence for borrowing
toɣatəs 9.93 the whetstone 5. no evidence for borrowing
saltəs 9.93 the whetstone 5. no evidence for borrowing
duˀk 10.11 to move 5. no evidence for borrowing
tiˀŋ 10.12 to turn 5. no evidence for borrowing
ta - kil 10.13 to turn around 5. no evidence for borrowing
iskil 10.14 to wrap 5. no evidence for borrowing
kīt (3) 10.15 to roll 5. no evidence for borrowing
dəqŋ 10.16 to drop 5. no evidence for borrowing
həə 10.17 to twist 5. no evidence for borrowing
esqut 10.21 to rise 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯ̄n (1) 10.22 to raise or lift 5. no evidence for borrowing
dəqŋ 10.23 to fall 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulderen 10.24 to drip 5. no evidence for borrowing
esdaq 10.25 to throw 5. no evidence for borrowing
qòs 10.252 to catch 5. no evidence for borrowing
də̀j 10.26 to shake 5. no evidence for borrowing
qɯ̄n 10.32 to flow 5. no evidence for borrowing
ul - qan 10.33 to sink 5. no evidence for borrowing
doqŋ 10.34 to float 5. no evidence for borrowing
sùj 10.35 to swim 5. no evidence for borrowing
10.351 to dive 5. no evidence for borrowing
estij 10.352 to splash 5. no evidence for borrowing
dòq 10.37 to fly 5. no evidence for borrowing
bēj 10.38 to blow 5. no evidence for borrowing
kìt 10.41 to crawl 5. no evidence for borrowing
huun 10.42 to slide or slip 5. no evidence for borrowing
eŋbet 10.43 to jump 5. no evidence for borrowing
kaskun 10.431 to kick 5. no evidence for borrowing
tiˀŋ 10.44 to dance 5. no evidence for borrowing
ejiŋ 10.45 to walk 5. no evidence for borrowing
bultet 10.451 to limp 5. no evidence for borrowing
toqtet 10.46 to run 5. no evidence for borrowing
ejiŋ 10.47 to go 5. no evidence for borrowing
aɣat 10.473 to go down 5. no evidence for borrowing
əlat 10.474 to go out 5. no evidence for borrowing
igbes 10.48 to come 5. no evidence for borrowing
sūk (2) 10.481 to come back 5. no evidence for borrowing
àq 10.49 to leave 5. no evidence for borrowing
egbes 10.491 to disappear 5. no evidence for borrowing
toqtet 10.51 to flee 5. no evidence for borrowing
tajaq 10.53 to pursue 5. no evidence for borrowing
igbes 10.55 to arrive 5. no evidence for borrowing
utisqan 10.56 to approach 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaqpet 10.57 to enter 5. no evidence for borrowing
sūk (2) 10.58 to go or return home 5. no evidence for borrowing
qòs 10.61 to carry 5. no evidence for borrowing
qòs 10.612 to carry in hand 5. no evidence for borrowing
qòs 10.613 to carry on shoulder 5. no evidence for borrowing
qòs 10.614 to carry on head 5. no evidence for borrowing
qòs 10.615 to carry under the arm 5. no evidence for borrowing
igbes 10.62 to bring 5. no evidence for borrowing
erɢat 10.63 to send 5. no evidence for borrowing
àq 10.64 to lead 5. no evidence for borrowing
ejiŋ 10.66 to ride 5. no evidence for borrowing
telaŋij 10.67 to push 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoˀt 10.71 the road 5. no evidence for borrowing
kàŋ 10.72 the path 5. no evidence for borrowing
ataq (2) 10.74 the bridge 5. no evidence for borrowing
iltəp 10.76 the wheel 5. no evidence for borrowing
suul 10.79 the sledge/sled 5. no evidence for borrowing
parhot 10.81 the ship 1. clearly borrowed
tii 10.83 the boat 5. no evidence for borrowing
dɯ̄ltij 10.831 the canoe 5. no evidence for borrowing
polot 10.84 the raft 1. clearly borrowed
kitathāj 10.85 the oar 5. no evidence for borrowing
kitathāj 10.851 the paddle 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯ̀s 10.852 to row 5. no evidence for borrowing
kitathaj 10.86 the rudder 5. no evidence for borrowing
bejoks 10.87 the mast 5. no evidence for borrowing
hales 10.88 the sail 1. clearly borrowed
baŋdon 10.92 to land 5. no evidence for borrowing
bèr (2) 11.11 to have 5. no evidence for borrowing
bèr (2) 11.12 to own 5. no evidence for borrowing
qòs 11.13 to take 5. no evidence for borrowing
totet 11.14 to grasp 5. no evidence for borrowing
utoq 11.15 to hold 5. no evidence for borrowing
qòs 11.16 to get 5. no evidence for borrowing
bèr (2) 11.17 to keep 5. no evidence for borrowing
biˀ 11.18 the thing 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəreŋ 11.21 to give 5. no evidence for borrowing
sūk (2) 11.22 to give back 5. no evidence for borrowing
pasatbet 11.25 to rescue 1. clearly borrowed
ilbet (2) 11.27 to destroy 5. no evidence for borrowing
qakst 11.28 to injure 5. no evidence for borrowing
hoqpet 11.29 to damage 5. no evidence for borrowing
saŋbet 11.31 to look for 5. no evidence for borrowing
bə̀ɣ 11.32 to find 5. no evidence for borrowing
qonbet 11.33 to lose 5. no evidence for borrowing
ultij (2) 11.34 to let go 5. no evidence for borrowing
təˀŋ 11.43 the money 3. perhaps borrowed
den (2) 11.43 the money 1. clearly borrowed
botaj 11.51 rich 1. clearly borrowed
bednaj 11.52 poor 1. clearly borrowed
sijaqs 11.53 the beggar 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəreŋ 11.61 to lend 5. no evidence for borrowing
qòs 11.62 to borrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
algit 11.64 the debt 5. no evidence for borrowing
kitbet 11.65 to pay 5. no evidence for borrowing
algit 11.66 the bill 5. no evidence for borrowing
qalnas 11.69 the tax 5. no evidence for borrowing
lovetden 11.78 the wages 1. clearly borrowed
lovetbet 11.79 to earn 1. clearly borrowed
kitbet 11.81 to buy 5. no evidence for borrowing
qɯ̄ 11.82 to sell 5. no evidence for borrowing
qɯ̄ 11.83 to trade or barter 5. no evidence for borrowing
qɯɣet 11.84 the merchant 5. no evidence for borrowing
lapka 11.86 the shop/store 1. clearly borrowed
qɯ̄ baˀŋ 11.86 the shop/store 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiˀt (2) 11.87 the price 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaɣit 11.88 expensive 5. no evidence for borrowing
tolgit 11.89 cheap 5. no evidence for borrowing
deld 11.91 to share 1. clearly borrowed
siin 11.92 to weigh 5. no evidence for borrowing
qariɣa 12.01 after 5. no evidence for borrowing
kalga 12.011 behind 5. no evidence for borrowing
ka 12.012 in 5. no evidence for borrowing
ka 12.013 at 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯlga 12.02 beside 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯta 12.03 down 5. no evidence for borrowing
qotils 12.04 before 5. no evidence for borrowing
kupka 12.041 in front of 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯ̄jga 12.05 inside 5. no evidence for borrowing
əlga 12.06 outside 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯtka 12.07 under 5. no evidence for borrowing
tosa 12.08 up 5. no evidence for borrowing
əət 12.081 above 5. no evidence for borrowing
baˀŋ 12.11 the place 5. no evidence for borrowing
dìj 12.12 to put 5. no evidence for borrowing
ūŋ 12.13 to sit 5. no evidence for borrowing
t-tn 12.14 to lie down 5. no evidence for borrowing
īn 12.15 to stand 5. no evidence for borrowing
əˀk 12.16 to remain 5. no evidence for borrowing
əks 12.17 the remains 5. no evidence for borrowing
iɣet 12.21 to gather 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯ̄n (1) 12.212 to pick up 5. no evidence for borrowing
siisto 12.213 to pile up 5. no evidence for borrowing
bena qòs 12.23 to separate 5. no evidence for borrowing
deld 12.232 to divide 1. clearly borrowed
uskij 12.24 to open 5. no evidence for borrowing
qanij 12.25 to shut 5. no evidence for borrowing
oolɢat 12.26 to cover 5. no evidence for borrowing
tiŋdaq 12.27 to hide 5. no evidence for borrowing
tojga 12.31 high 5. no evidence for borrowing
hitim 12.32 low 5. no evidence for borrowing
kūp 12.33 the top 5. no evidence for borrowing
ura 12.34 the bottom 5. no evidence for borrowing
kūp 12.35 the end(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
ēt 12.352 pointed 5. no evidence for borrowing
qāt 12.353 the edge 5. no evidence for borrowing
qolep 12.36 the side 4. very little evidence for borrowing
kɯ̄ 12.37 the middle 5. no evidence for borrowing
boɣot 12.41 right(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
tūl 12.42 left 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯlga 12.43 near 5. no evidence for borrowing
bìl 12.44 far 5. no evidence for borrowing
təŋbaŋqolep 12.45 the east 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulbaŋqolep 12.46 the west 5. no evidence for borrowing
tɯ̄lbaŋ 12.47 the north 5. no evidence for borrowing
utabaŋ 12.48 the south 5. no evidence for borrowing
tijiŋ 12.53 to grow 5. no evidence for borrowing
seɣaq 12.54 to measure 5. no evidence for borrowing
qān (1) 12.541 the fathom 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaˀ (1) 12.55 big 5. no evidence for borrowing
həna 12.56 small 5. no evidence for borrowing
ugde 12.57 long 5. no evidence for borrowing
ugdat 12.58 tall 5. no evidence for borrowing
hitim 12.59 short 5. no evidence for borrowing
holat 12.59 short 5. no evidence for borrowing
qiil 12.61 wide 5. no evidence for borrowing
tòʁ 12.62 narrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
boˀl 12.63 thick 5. no evidence for borrowing
bəsl 12.63 thick 5. no evidence for borrowing
sūk (3) 12.63 thick 5. no evidence for borrowing
haksem 12.65 thin 5. no evidence for borrowing
toʁoj 12.65 thin 5. no evidence for borrowing
hòʁ 12.67 deep 5. no evidence for borrowing
toˀt 12.68 shallow 5. no evidence for borrowing
haksem 12.71 flat 5. no evidence for borrowing
tatiŋ 12.73 straight 5. no evidence for borrowing
kəˀl 12.74 crooked 5. no evidence for borrowing
hɯ̀s 12.74 crooked 5. no evidence for borrowing
duˀp 12.75 the hook 5. no evidence for borrowing
sùl 12.75 the hook 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəˀq 12.76 the corner 5. no evidence for borrowing
sūk (4) 12.76 the corner 5. no evidence for borrowing
balbes 12.77 the cross 1. clearly borrowed
kruglaj 12.81 round 1. clearly borrowed
krug 12.82 the circle 1. clearly borrowed
mač 12.83 the ball 1. clearly borrowed
tiˀ 12.84 the line 5. no evidence for borrowing
kaˀŋ 12.85 the hole 5. no evidence for borrowing
qūk 12.85 the hole 5. no evidence for borrowing
aas 12.92 similar 5. no evidence for borrowing
ben - t - a 12.93 to change 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoˀk 13.01 one 5. no evidence for borrowing
qūs 13.01 one 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯ̄n (1) 13.02 two 5. no evidence for borrowing
doˀŋ (2) 13.03 three 5. no evidence for borrowing
sīk 13.04 four 5. no evidence for borrowing
qāk 13.05 five 5. no evidence for borrowing
ā (2) 13.06 six 5. no evidence for borrowing
oˀn 13.07 seven 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯnam bənsaŋ qō 13.08 eight 5. no evidence for borrowing
qusam bənsaŋ qō 13.09 nine 5. no evidence for borrowing
qō (3) 13.1 ten 5. no evidence for borrowing
qusam əɣam qō 13.101 eleven 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯnam əɣam qō 13.102 twelve 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaɣam əɣam qō 13.103 fifteen 5. no evidence for borrowing
eˀk 13.104 twenty 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiˀ (2) 13.105 a hundred 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoɣa kiˀ 13.106 a thousand 5. no evidence for borrowing
dèr 13.107 to count 5. no evidence for borrowing
bɯlda 13.14 all 5. no evidence for borrowing
oˀn 13.15 many 5. no evidence for borrowing
bola 13.16 more 1. clearly borrowed
qomat 13.17 few 5. no evidence for borrowing
sēp 13.18 enough 5. no evidence for borrowing
samla 13.181 some 5. no evidence for borrowing
kutpel 13.19 the crowd 5. no evidence for borrowing
qō (3) 13.21 full 5. no evidence for borrowing
qùj 13.22 empty 5. no evidence for borrowing
lamta 13.23 the part 5. no evidence for borrowing
lamta 13.231 the piece 5. no evidence for borrowing
qolep 13.24 the half 4. very little evidence for borrowing
āl 13.24 the half 5. no evidence for borrowing
taŋa 13.33 only 5. no evidence for borrowing
qoɣet 13.331 alone 5. no evidence for borrowing
qusamas 13.34 first 5. no evidence for borrowing
oŋtils 13.35 last 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯnamas 13.36 second 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯndeŋ 13.37 the pair 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯna 13.38 twice/two times 5. no evidence for borrowing
doŋamas 13.42 third 5. no evidence for borrowing
doŋa 13.44 three times 5. no evidence for borrowing
baˀŋ 14.11 the time 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiˀ (3) 14.13 new 5. no evidence for borrowing
kitej 14.14 young 5. no evidence for borrowing
sīn 14.15 old 5. no evidence for borrowing
qotils 14.16 early 5. no evidence for borrowing
oŋtils 14.17 late 5. no evidence for borrowing
ēn 14.18 now 5. no evidence for borrowing
əqpes 14.19 immediately 5. no evidence for borrowing
dəqta 14.21 fast 5. no evidence for borrowing
unat 14.22 slow 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəksin 14.23 to hurry 5. no evidence for borrowing
sus - qan 14.24 to be late 5. no evidence for borrowing
ejiŋbesaŋ 14.25 to begin 5. no evidence for borrowing
binaʁut 14.26 the end(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
binaʁut 14.27 to finish 5. no evidence for borrowing
binaʁut 14.28 to cease 5. no evidence for borrowing
daqs 14.29 ready 5. no evidence for borrowing
beˀk 14.31 always 1. clearly borrowed
vek ( Russian )
bōt 14.32 often 5. no evidence for borrowing
aliŋ 14.32 often 5. no evidence for borrowing
qustij 14.32 often 5. no evidence for borrowing
sasta 14.32 often 1. clearly borrowed
aska bilamdaan 14.33 sometimes 5. no evidence for borrowing
aˀt (2) 14.331 soon 5. no evidence for borrowing
iˀn 14.332 for a long time 5. no evidence for borrowing
tam aska ana bən 14.34 never 5. no evidence for borrowing
haj biksa 14.35 again 5. no evidence for borrowing
biksa 14.35 again 5. no evidence for borrowing
haj 14.35 again 5. no evidence for borrowing
14.41 the day(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
14.411 the day(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
14.42 the night 5. no evidence for borrowing
kɯ̄n 14.43 the dawn 5. no evidence for borrowing
qonoks 14.44 the morning 5. no evidence for borrowing
suran 14.45 the midday 5. no evidence for borrowing
14.451 the afternoon 5. no evidence for borrowing
bīs (2) 14.46 the evening 5. no evidence for borrowing
enqoŋ 14.47 today 5. no evidence for borrowing
anoks 14.48 tomorrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
anoks kunsiɣa 14.481 the day after tomorrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
qores 14.49 yesterday 5. no evidence for borrowing
qores kunsiɣa 14.491 the day before yesterday 5. no evidence for borrowing
saˀs 14.51 the hour 1. clearly borrowed
časaŋ 14.53 the clock 1. clearly borrowed
nela 14.61 the week 1. clearly borrowed
onekŋ 14.61 the week 5. no evidence for borrowing
donamas iˀ 14.62 Sunday 5. no evidence for borrowing
nela qariɣa iˀ 14.63 Monday 5. no evidence for borrowing
dɯnamas iˀ 14.64 Tuesday 5. no evidence for borrowing
doŋamas iˀ 14.65 Wednesday 5. no evidence for borrowing
siɣamas iˀ 14.66 Thursday 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaɣamas iˀ 14.67 Friday 5. no evidence for borrowing
aɣamas iˀ 14.68 Saturday 5. no evidence for borrowing
qīp 14.71 the month 5. no evidence for borrowing
sɯɯ 14.73 the year 5. no evidence for borrowing
kə̄t 14.74 the winter 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯ̀r 14.75 the spring(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
sīl 14.76 the summer 5. no evidence for borrowing
qogdi 14.77 the autumn/fall 5. no evidence for borrowing
ittej 15.21 to smell(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
ittesit 15.212 to sniff 5. no evidence for borrowing
īt 15.22 to smell(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
aqta dīt 15.25 fragrant 5. no evidence for borrowing
dīt 15.26 stinking 5. no evidence for borrowing
aŋbet 15.31 to taste 5. no evidence for borrowing
hilaŋ 15.35 sweet 5. no evidence for borrowing
təɣatu 15.36 salty 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəlaŋ 15.37 bitter 5. no evidence for borrowing
aˀq (2) 15.38 sour 5. no evidence for borrowing
eqsaq 15.41 to hear 5. no evidence for borrowing
eqtij 15.42 to listen 5. no evidence for borrowing
dūɣ 15.44 the sound or noise 5. no evidence for borrowing
aliŋ 15.45 loud 5. no evidence for borrowing
unat 15.46 quiet 5. no evidence for borrowing
tōŋ 15.51 to see 5. no evidence for borrowing
doo (3) 15.52 to look 5. no evidence for borrowing
ɯtkij~ətkij 15.55 to show 5. no evidence for borrowing
kənej 15.56 to shine 5. no evidence for borrowing
kəns 15.57 bright 5. no evidence for borrowing
sūk (1) 15.61 the colour/color 5. no evidence for borrowing
kəˀn 15.62 light(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
tūm 15.63 dark 5. no evidence for borrowing
taɣam 15.64 white 5. no evidence for borrowing
tūm 15.65 black 5. no evidence for borrowing
sulej 15.66 red 5. no evidence for borrowing
səˀn 15.67 blue 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəlaj 15.68 green 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəlaj 15.69 yellow 5. no evidence for borrowing
həŋntet 15.71 to touch 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəltet 15.712 to pinch 5. no evidence for borrowing
həŋgit 15.72 to feel 5. no evidence for borrowing
bɯ̄t 15.74 hard 5. no evidence for borrowing
homilaŋ 15.75 soft 5. no evidence for borrowing
qəgbareŋ 15.76 rough(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
uul 15.77 smooth 5. no evidence for borrowing
ēt 15.78 sharp 5. no evidence for borrowing
salan 15.79 blunt 5. no evidence for borrowing
səə 15.81 heavy 5. no evidence for borrowing
bejiŋ 15.82 light(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
ultu 15.83 wet 5. no evidence for borrowing
toʁojiŋ 15.84 dry 5. no evidence for borrowing
aaŋ 15.85 hot 5. no evidence for borrowing
ūs (1) 15.851 warm 5. no evidence for borrowing
qaqtɯm 15.86 cold 5. no evidence for borrowing
siɣit 15.87 clean 5. no evidence for borrowing
sintu 15.88 dirty 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuraŋbet 15.89 wrinkled 5. no evidence for borrowing
ulvej 16.11 the soul or spirit 5. no evidence for borrowing
tanno 16.18 the good luck 5. no evidence for borrowing
dəɣasiŋ 16.23 happy 5. no evidence for borrowing
dàʁ 16.25 to laugh 5. no evidence for borrowing
ətaŋbet 16.251 to smile 5. no evidence for borrowing
aniŋbet (1) 16.26 to play 5. no evidence for borrowing
luvitbet 16.27 to love 1. clearly borrowed
usnbet 16.29 to kiss 5. no evidence for borrowing
hataŋbet 16.3 to embrace 5. no evidence for borrowing
ajeŋ 16.31 the pain 5. no evidence for borrowing
dajeŋ 16.31 the pain 5. no evidence for borrowing
aŋbets 16.32 the grief 5. no evidence for borrowing
aŋtet 16.33 the anxiety 5. no evidence for borrowing
hagaj 16.34 to regret or be sorry 5. no evidence for borrowing