Indonesian Vocabulary

by Uri Tadmor

The vocabulary contains 2049 meaning-word pairs from the recipient language Indonesian. The corresponding text chapter was published in the book Loanwords in the World's Languages. The language page Indonesian contains a list of all loanwords arranged by donor languoid.

Word LWT Code Meaning Borrowed Status Source Words
[help]
Word

The word is given in the usual orthography or transcription, and in the usual citation form.

Click on a word to get even more information than is shown in this table.

[help]
LWT Code

The Loanword Typology code is the identifier of the Loanword Typology meaning. Sorting by LWT Code sorts the words thematically by semantic field.

[help]
Meaning

This column shows the labels of the Loanword Typology meanings. By clicking on a meaning label, you get more information about the meaning, as well as a list of all words that are counterparts of that meaning.

[help]
Borrowed Status

There are five borrowed statuses, reflecting decreasing likelihood that the word is a loanword:

  1. clearly borrowed
  2. probably borrowed
  3. perhaps borrowed
  4. very little evidence for borrowing
  5. no evidence for borrowing
 [help]
Source Words

For (possible) loanwords, this column shows the words in the source languages that served as models.

dunia 1.1 the world 1. clearly borrowed
< dunyā (Arabic )
alam 1.1 the world 1. clearly borrowed
jagat 1.1 the world 1. clearly borrowed
buana 1.1 the world 1. clearly borrowed
darat 1.21 the land 5. no evidence for borrowing
tanah 1.21 the land 5. no evidence for borrowing
bumi 1.21 the land 1. clearly borrowed
tanah 1.212 the soil 5. no evidence for borrowing
debu 1.213 the dust 5. no evidence for borrowing
serdak 1.213 the dust 5. no evidence for borrowing
duli 1.213 the dust 1. clearly borrowed
lumpur 1.214 the mud 5. no evidence for borrowing
pasir 1.215 the sand 5. no evidence for borrowing
gunung 1.22 the mountain or hill 5. no evidence for borrowing
bukit 1.22 the mountain or hill 5. no evidence for borrowing
tebing 1.222 the cliff or precipice 5. no evidence for borrowing
dataran 1.23 the plain 5. no evidence for borrowing
padang 1.23 the plain 5. no evidence for borrowing
médan 1.23 the plain 1. clearly borrowed
lembah 1.24 the valley 5. no evidence for borrowing
pulau 1.25 the island 5. no evidence for borrowing
nusa 1.25 the island 5. no evidence for borrowing
daratan 1.26 the mainland 5. no evidence for borrowing
pantai 1.27 the shore 5. no evidence for borrowing
pesisir 1.27 the shore 1. clearly borrowed
gua 1.28 the cave 1. clearly borrowed
< guha (Sanskrit )
air 1.31 the water 5. no evidence for borrowing
laut 1.32 the sea 5. no evidence for borrowing
samudra 1.32 the sea 1. clearly borrowed
tenang 1.322 calm 5. no evidence for borrowing
bergejolak 1.323 rough(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
bergelora 1.323 rough(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
bergolak 1.323 rough(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
buih 1.324 the foam 5. no evidence for borrowing
busa 1.324 the foam 4. very little evidence for borrowing
lautan 1.329 the ocean 5. no evidence for borrowing
samudra 1.329 the ocean 1. clearly borrowed
danau 1.33 the lake 5. no evidence for borrowing
situ 1.33 the lake 1. clearly borrowed
teluk 1.34 the bay 5. no evidence for borrowing
laguna 1.341 the lagoon 1. clearly borrowed
< lagune (French )
terumbu 1.342 the reef 5. no evidence for borrowing
tanjung 1.343 the cape 5. no evidence for borrowing
ancol 1.343 the cape 1. clearly borrowed
ombak 1.35 the wave 5. no evidence for borrowing
gelombang 1.35 the wave 5. no evidence for borrowing
alun 1.35 the wave 5. no evidence for borrowing
pasang-surut (laut) 1.352 the tide 5. no evidence for borrowing
surut 1.353 the low tide 5. no evidence for borrowing
pasang (1) 1.354 the high tide 5. no evidence for borrowing
sungai 1.36 the river or stream 5. no evidence for borrowing
anak sungai 1.36 the river or stream 5. no evidence for borrowing
kali 1.36 the river or stream 1. clearly borrowed
pusaran air 1.362 the whirlpool 5. no evidence for borrowing
mata air 1.37 the spring or well 5. no evidence for borrowing
sumur 1.37 the spring or well 5. no evidence for borrowing
perigi 1.37 the spring or well 5. no evidence for borrowing
rawa 1.38 the swamp 3. perhaps borrowed
rawa (Sundanese , uncertain)
rawa (Javanese , uncertain)
rawa (Balinese , uncertain)
paya 1.38 the swamp 5. no evidence for borrowing
air terjun 1.39 the waterfall 5. no evidence for borrowing
hutan 1.41 the woods or forest 5. no evidence for borrowing
rimba 1.41 the woods or forest 5. no evidence for borrowing
wana 1.41 the woods or forest 1. clearly borrowed
< vana (Sanskrit )
sabana 1.411 the savanna 1. clearly borrowed
< zavana (Taino )
kayu 1.43 the wood 5. no evidence for borrowing
batu 1.44 the stone or rock 5. no evidence for borrowing
séla 1.44 the stone or rock 1. clearly borrowed
gempa (bumi/tektonik) 1.45 the earthquake 1. clearly borrowed
lindu 1.45 the earthquake 1. clearly borrowed
langit 1.51 the sky 5. no evidence for borrowing
angkasa 1.51 the sky 1. clearly borrowed
cakrawala 1.51 the sky 1. clearly borrowed
dirgantara 1.51 the sky 1. clearly borrowed
matahari, mentari 1.52 the sun 5. no evidence for borrowing
surya 1.52 the sun 1. clearly borrowed
bulan 1.53 the moon 5. no evidence for borrowing
rembulan 1.53 the moon 1. clearly borrowed
candra 1.53 the moon 1. clearly borrowed
bintang 1.54 the star 5. no evidence for borrowing
kartika 1.54 the star 1. clearly borrowed
kilat 1.55 the lightning 5. no evidence for borrowing
guntur 1.56 the thunder 3. perhaps borrowed
guruh 1.56 the thunder 5. no evidence for borrowing
glédék, gelédék 1.56 the thunder 1. clearly borrowed
petir 1.57 the bolt of lightning 5. no evidence for borrowing
halilintar 1.57 the bolt of lightning 5. no evidence for borrowing
badai 1.58 the storm 1. clearly borrowed
ribut 1.58 the storm 5. no evidence for borrowing
pelangi 1.59 the rainbow 4. very little evidence for borrowing
bianglala 1.59 the rainbow 1. clearly borrowed
cahaya 1.61 the light 1. clearly borrowed
sinar 1.61 the light 5. no evidence for borrowing
kegelapan 1.62 the darkness 5. no evidence for borrowing
kekelaman 1.62 the darkness 5. no evidence for borrowing
kegelitaan 1.62 the darkness 5. no evidence for borrowing
bayangan 1.63 the shade or shadow 5. no evidence for borrowing
bayang-bayang 1.63 the shade or shadow 5. no evidence for borrowing
naung 1.63 the shade or shadow 5. no evidence for borrowing
embun 1.64 the dew 5. no evidence for borrowing
ibun 1.64 the dew 1. clearly borrowed
udara 1.71 the air 1. clearly borrowed
angin 1.71 the air 5. no evidence for borrowing
hawa 1.71 the air 1. clearly borrowed
angin 1.72 the wind 5. no evidence for borrowing
bayu 1.72 the wind 1. clearly borrowed
pawana 1.72 the wind 1. clearly borrowed
awan 1.73 the cloud 5. no evidence for borrowing
méga 1.73 the cloud 1. clearly borrowed
kabut 1.74 the fog 5. no evidence for borrowing
halimun 1.74 the fog 1. clearly borrowed
hujan 1.75 the rain 5. no evidence for borrowing
salju 1.76 the snow 1. clearly borrowed
és 1.77 the ice 1. clearly borrowed
ijs (Dutch )
membeku 1.775 to freeze 5. no evidence for borrowing
cuaca 1.78 the weather 1. clearly borrowed
udara 1.78 the weather 1. clearly borrowed
hawa 1.78 the weather 1. clearly borrowed
api 1.81 the fire 5. no evidence for borrowing
pawaka 1.81 the fire 1. clearly borrowed
lidah api 1.82 the flame 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyala (api) 1.82 the flame 5. no evidence for borrowing
asap 1.83 the smoke 5. no evidence for borrowing
uap 1.831 the steam 4. very little evidence for borrowing
abu 1.84 the ash 5. no evidence for borrowing
bara 1.841 the embers 5. no evidence for borrowing
membakar 1.851 to burn(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
terbakar 1.852 to burn(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyalakan 1.86 to light 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyulut, menyulutkan 1.86 to light 2. probably borrowed
memadamkan 1.861 to extinguish 5. no evidence for borrowing
korék api 1.87 the match 5. no evidence for borrowing
kayu bakar 1.88 the firewood 5. no evidence for borrowing
arang 1.89 the charcoal 3. perhaps borrowed
orang 2.1 the person 5. no evidence for borrowing
manusia 2.1 the person 2. probably borrowed
insan 2.1 the person 1. clearly borrowed
< insān (Arabic )
bapak mertua 2.99905 the father-in-law 1. clearly borrowed
ibu mertua 2.99909 the mother-in-law 1. clearly borrowed
anak tiri 2.99917 the stepchild 5. no evidence for borrowing
laki-laki, lelaki 2.21 the man 5. no evidence for borrowing
pria 2.21 the man 1. clearly borrowed
cowok 2.21 the man 5. no evidence for borrowing
perempuan 2.22 the woman 5. no evidence for borrowing
wanita 2.22 the woman 1. clearly borrowed
céwék 2.22 the woman 3. perhaps borrowed
laki-laki, lelaki 2.23 male(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
pria 2.23 male(1) 1. clearly borrowed
perempuan 2.24 female(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
wanita 2.24 female(1) 1. clearly borrowed
putra, putera 2.25 the boy 1. clearly borrowed
anak muda 2.251 the young man 5. no evidence for borrowing
teruna 2.251 the young man 1. clearly borrowed
pemuda 2.251 the young man 5. no evidence for borrowing
gadis 2.26 the girl 2. probably borrowed
putri, puteri 2.26 the girl 1. clearly borrowed
dara 2.26 the girl 4. very little evidence for borrowing
gadis 2.261 the young woman 2. probably borrowed
anak 2.27 the child(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
bocah 2.27 the child(1) 1. clearly borrowed
bayi 2.28 the baby 1. clearly borrowed
bayi (Javanese , uncertain)
bayi (Sundanese , uncertain)
suami 2.31 the husband 1. clearly borrowed
laki 2.31 the husband 5. no evidence for borrowing
istri 2.32 the wife 1. clearly borrowed
bini 2.32 the wife 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengawini 2.33 to marry 5. no evidence for borrowing
menikahi 2.33 to marry 5. no evidence for borrowing
pernikahan 2.34 the wedding 5. no evidence for borrowing
perkawinan 2.34 the wedding 5. no evidence for borrowing
perceraian 2.341 the divorce 5. no evidence for borrowing
talak 2.341 the divorce 1. clearly borrowed
bapa, bapak 2.35 the father 2. probably borrowed
ayah 2.35 the father 3. perhaps borrowed
papa, papi 2.35 the father 1. clearly borrowed
papi (Dutch )
papa (Dutch )
ibu 2.36 the mother 2. probably borrowed
mak, emak 2.36 the mother 5. no evidence for borrowing
bunda, ibunda 2.36 the mother 5. no evidence for borrowing
induk, indung 2.36 the mother 5. no evidence for borrowing
mama, mami 2.36 the mother 1. clearly borrowed
orang tua 2.37 the parents 5. no evidence for borrowing
putra, putera 2.41 the son 1. clearly borrowed
putri, puteri 2.42 the daughter 1. clearly borrowed
anak 2.43 the child(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
abang 2.444 the older brother 3. perhaps borrowed
saudara (kandung) 2.456 the sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
kakak 2.4561 the older sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
adik 2.4562 the younger sibling 5. no evidence for borrowing
kembar 2.458 the twins 4. very little evidence for borrowing
kakék 2.46 the grandfather 3. perhaps borrowed
opa 2.46 the grandfather 1. clearly borrowed
opa (Dutch )
nénék 2.47 the grandmother 3. perhaps borrowed
oma 2.47 the grandmother 1. clearly borrowed
oma (Dutch )
kakék-nénék 2.4711 the grandparents 2. probably borrowed
cucu 2.5 the grandchild 5. no evidence for borrowing
paman 2.51 the uncle 1. clearly borrowed
om, oom 2.51 the uncle 1. clearly borrowed
oom (Dutch )
bibi 2.52 the aunt 2. probably borrowed
tante 2.52 the aunt 1. clearly borrowed
< tante (French )
keponakan 2.541 the sibling’s child 1. clearly borrowed
kemenakan 2.541 the sibling’s child 3. perhaps borrowed
sepupu 2.55 the cousin 5. no evidence for borrowing
nénék-moyang 2.56 the ancestors 5. no evidence for borrowing
leluhur 2.56 the ancestors 1. clearly borrowed
keturunan 2.57 the descendants 5. no evidence for borrowing
anak-cucu 2.57 the descendants 5. no evidence for borrowing
mertua 2.622 the parents-in-law 1. clearly borrowed
menantu 2.6411 the child-in-law 5. no evidence for borrowing
ipar 2.6412 the sibling-in-law 5. no evidence for borrowing
bapak tiri 2.71 the stepfather 5. no evidence for borrowing
ayah tiri 2.71 the stepfather 5. no evidence for borrowing
ibu tiri 2.72 the stepmother 5. no evidence for borrowing
mak/emak tiri 2.72 the stepmother 5. no evidence for borrowing
yatim-piatu 2.75 the orphan 5. no evidence for borrowing
< yatīm (Arabic )
janda 2.76 the widow 2. probably borrowed
duda 2.77 the widower 1. clearly borrowed
famili 2.81 the relatives 1. clearly borrowed
saudara 2.81 the relatives 1. clearly borrowed
sanak 2.81 the relatives 5. no evidence for borrowing
kerabat 2.81 the relatives 1. clearly borrowed
keluarga 2.82 the family 2. probably borrowed
aku 2.91 I 5. no evidence for borrowing
saya 2.91 I 2. probably borrowed
kamu 2.92 you (singular) 5. no evidence for borrowing
kau, engkau 2.92 you (singular) 5. no evidence for borrowing
dia 2.93 he/she/it 5. no evidence for borrowing
ia 2.93 he/she/it 5. no evidence for borrowing
beliau 2.93 he/she/it 5. no evidence for borrowing
kita 2.941 we (inclusive) 5. no evidence for borrowing
kami 2.942 we (exclusive) 5. no evidence for borrowing
kalian 2.95 you (plural) 1. clearly borrowed
meréka 2.96 they 1. clearly borrowed
binatang 3.11 the animal 2. probably borrowed
héwan 3.11 the animal 1. clearly borrowed
jantan 3.12 male(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
betina 3.13 female(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
ternak 3.15 the livestock 5. no evidence for borrowing
gembala 3.18 the herdsman 2. probably borrowed
kandang 3.19 the stable or stall 5. no evidence for borrowing
sapi 3.2 the cattle 1. clearly borrowed
sapi (Javanese , uncertain)
sapi (Sundanese , uncertain)
lembu 3.2 the cattle 5. no evidence for borrowing
domba 3.25 the sheep 1. clearly borrowed
biri-biri 3.25 the sheep 3. perhaps borrowed
babi hutan 3.32 the boar 5. no evidence for borrowing
céléng 3.32 the boar 1. clearly borrowed
babi 3.35 the pig 5. no evidence for borrowing
kambing 3.36 the goat 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuda 3.41 the horse 1. clearly borrowed
keledai 3.46 the donkey 1. clearly borrowed
bagal 3.47 the mule 1. clearly borrowed
< baɣl (Arabic )
unggas 3.5 the fowl 4. very little evidence for borrowing
(ayam) jago 3.52 the cock/rooster 1. clearly borrowed
jago (Sundanese , uncertain)
jago (Javanese , uncertain)
ayam 3.55 the chicken 5. no evidence for borrowing
angsa 3.56 the goose 1. clearly borrowed
bébék 3.57 the duck 1. clearly borrowed
itik 3.57 the duck 5. no evidence for borrowing
sarang 3.58 the nest 5. no evidence for borrowing
burung 3.581 the bird 5. no evidence for borrowing
camar (laut) 3.582 the seagull 5. no evidence for borrowing
bangau 3.583 the heron 5. no evidence for borrowing
rajawali 3.584 the eagle 1. clearly borrowed
elang 3.585 the hawk 5. no evidence for borrowing
hering 3.586 the vulture 5. no evidence for borrowing
kelelawar 3.591 the bat 4. very little evidence for borrowing
kalong 3.591 the bat 1. clearly borrowed
kalong (Sundanese , uncertain)
kalong (Javanese , uncertain)
(burung) nuri 3.592 the parrot 2. probably borrowed
< nūrī (Arabic )
(burung) bétét 3.592 the parrot 1. clearly borrowed
(burung) gagak 3.593 the crow 5. no evidence for borrowing
(burung) merpati 3.594 the dove 1. clearly borrowed
burung hantu 3.596 the owl 5. no evidence for borrowing
kormoran 3.597 the cormorant 1. clearly borrowed
(burung) tukan 3.598 the toucan 1. clearly borrowed
< tucana (Tupí )
anjing 3.61 the dog 3. perhaps borrowed
kelinci 3.614 the rabbit 1. clearly borrowed
terwélu 3.614 the rabbit 1. clearly borrowed
arnab 3.614 the rabbit 1. clearly borrowed
< arnab (Arabic )
kucing 3.62 the cat 5. no evidence for borrowing
oposum 3.622 the opossum 1. clearly borrowed
tikus 3.63 the mouse or rat 5. no evidence for borrowing
ikan 3.65 the fish 5. no evidence for borrowing
sirip 3.652 the fin 5. no evidence for borrowing
sisik 3.653 the scale 5. no evidence for borrowing
insang 3.654 the gill 5. no evidence for borrowing
kerang 3.655 the shell 5. no evidence for borrowing
(ikan) hiu 3.661 the shark 5. no evidence for borrowing
(ikan) lumba-lumba 3.662 the porpoise or dolphin 5. no evidence for borrowing
(ikan) paus 3.663 the whale 5. no evidence for borrowing
(ikan) pari 3.664 the stingray 5. no evidence for borrowing
belut 3.665 the freshwater eel 5. no evidence for borrowing
lindung 3.665 the freshwater eel 1. clearly borrowed
serigala 3.71 the wolf 1. clearly borrowed
singa 3.72 the lion 1. clearly borrowed
beruang 3.73 the bear 5. no evidence for borrowing
rubah 3.74 the fox 1. clearly borrowed
rusa 3.75 the deer 5. no evidence for borrowing
kijang 3.75 the deer 5. no evidence for borrowing
monyét 3.76 the monkey 1. clearly borrowed
gajah 3.77 the elephant 1. clearly borrowed
< gaja (Sanskrit )
unta, onta 3.78 the camel 1. clearly borrowed
serangga 3.81 the insect 3. perhaps borrowed
tuma 3.811 the head louse 5. no evidence for borrowing
kutu 3.8112 the body louse 5. no evidence for borrowing
caplak 3.813 the flea 1. clearly borrowed
lipan 3.814 the centipede 5. no evidence for borrowing
kalajengking 3.815 the scorpion 5. no evidence for borrowing
kecoa 3.816 the cockroach 1. clearly borrowed
semut 3.817 the ant 1. clearly borrowed
laba-laba 3.818 the spider 3. perhaps borrowed
laba-laba (Madurese , uncertain)
lebah 3.82 the bee 5. no evidence for borrowing
tawon 3.82 the bee 1. clearly borrowed
tawon (Sundanese , uncertain)
tawon (Javanese , uncertain)
lilin 3.821 the beeswax 5. no evidence for borrowing
tawon 3.823 the wasp 1. clearly borrowed
tawon (Sundanese , uncertain)
tawon (Javanese , uncertain)
penyengat 3.823 the wasp 5. no evidence for borrowing
tabuhan 3.823 the wasp 4. very little evidence for borrowing
lalat 3.83 the fly 5. no evidence for borrowing
agas 3.831 the sandfly or midge or gnat 5. no evidence for borrowing
nyamuk 3.832 the mosquito 5. no evidence for borrowing
udang 3.833 the prawns or shrimp 5. no evidence for borrowing
rayap 3.834 the termites 1. clearly borrowed
rayap (Sundanese , uncertain)
rayap (Javanese , uncertain)
kutu 3.835 the tick 5. no evidence for borrowing
cacing 3.84 the worm 5. no evidence for borrowing
ular 3.85 the snake 5. no evidence for borrowing
kelinci 3.863 the hare 1. clearly borrowed
arnab 3.863 the hare 1. clearly borrowed
< arnab (Arabic )
terwélu 3.863 the hare 1. clearly borrowed
(burung) puyuh 3.865 the quail 5. no evidence for borrowing
tupai 3.869 the squirrel 5. no evidence for borrowing
berang-berang 3.873 the beaver 5. no evidence for borrowing
kangguru 3.88 the kangaroo 1. clearly borrowed
tenggiling 3.89 the anteater 5. no evidence for borrowing
jaguar 3.9 the jaguar 1. clearly borrowed
kunang-kunang 3.91 the firefly 5. no evidence for borrowing
bunglon 3.913 the chameleon 1. clearly borrowed
bunglon (Balinese , uncertain)
bunglon (Sundanese , uncertain)
bunglon (Javanese , uncertain)
kerbau 3.917 the buffalo 5. no evidence for borrowing
kupu-kupu 3.92 the butterfly 5. no evidence for borrowing
rama-rama 3.92 the butterfly 5. no evidence for borrowing
belalang 3.93 the grasshopper 5. no evidence for borrowing
siput 3.94 the snail 5. no evidence for borrowing
kéong 3.94 the snail 1. clearly borrowed
bekicot 3.94 the snail 1. clearly borrowed
kodok 3.95 the frog 1. clearly borrowed
katak 3.95 the frog 5. no evidence for borrowing
kadal 3.96 the lizard 1. clearly borrowed
cicak 3.96 the lizard 5. no evidence for borrowing
buaya 3.97 the crocodile or alligator 5. no evidence for borrowing
kura-kura 3.98 the turtle 5. no evidence for borrowing
tapir 3.99 the tapir 1. clearly borrowed
tapir (English , uncertain)
tapir (Dutch , uncertain)
< tapyra (Tupí )
badan 4.11 the body 1. clearly borrowed
< badan (Arabic )
tubuh 4.11 the body 5. no evidence for borrowing
kulit 4.12 the skin or hide 5. no evidence for borrowing
belulang 4.12 the skin or hide 5. no evidence for borrowing
daging 4.13 the flesh 3. perhaps borrowed
rambut 4.14 the hair 3. perhaps borrowed
jénggot 4.142 the beard 1. clearly borrowed
janggut 4.142 the beard 5. no evidence for borrowing
bréwok 4.142 the beard 1. clearly borrowed
bulu 4.144 the body hair 5. no evidence for borrowing
jambut 4.145 the pubic hair 1. clearly borrowed
jembut (Sundanese , uncertain)
jembut (Javanese , uncertain)
ketombé 4.146 the dandruff 1. clearly borrowed
darah 4.15 the blood 5. no evidence for borrowing
pembuluh (darah) 4.151 the vein or artery 5. no evidence for borrowing
urat 4.151 the vein or artery 5. no evidence for borrowing
arteri 4.151 the vein or artery 1. clearly borrowed
tulang 4.16 the bone 5. no evidence for borrowing
rusuk 4.162 the rib 5. no evidence for borrowing
iga 4.162 the rib 1. clearly borrowed
iga (Javanese , uncertain)
iga (Balinese , uncertain)
iga (Sundanese , uncertain)
tanduk 4.17 the horn 5. no evidence for borrowing
ékor 4.18 the tail 5. no evidence for borrowing
buntut 4.18 the tail 2. probably borrowed
buntut (Javanese , uncertain)
buntut (Sundanese , uncertain)
punggung 4.19 the back 5. no evidence for borrowing
belakang 4.19 the back 5. no evidence for borrowing
pinggang 4.19 the back 5. no evidence for borrowing
tulang belakang 4.191 the spine 5. no evidence for borrowing
kepala 4.2 the head 1. clearly borrowed
pelipis 4.201 the temples 5. no evidence for borrowing
tengkorak 4.202 the skull 5. no evidence for borrowing
otak 4.203 the brain 5. no evidence for borrowing
muka 4.204 the face 1. clearly borrowed
wajah 4.204 the face 1. clearly borrowed
< wajh (Arabic )
dahi 4.205 the forehead 5. no evidence for borrowing
rahang 4.207 the jaw 5. no evidence for borrowing
pipi 4.208 the cheek 5. no evidence for borrowing
dagu 4.209 the chin 5. no evidence for borrowing
mata 4.21 the eye 5. no evidence for borrowing
alis (mata) 4.212 the eyebrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
kelopak mata 4.213 the eyelid 5. no evidence for borrowing
bulu mata 4.214 the eyelash 5. no evidence for borrowing
berkedip 4.215 to blink 5. no evidence for borrowing
telinga 4.22 the ear 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuping 4.22 the ear 1. clearly borrowed
kuping (Balinese , uncertain)
kuping (Javanese , uncertain)
cuping 4.221 the earlobe 5. no evidence for borrowing
kotoran telinga 4.222 the earwax 5. no evidence for borrowing
tahi kuping 4.222 the earwax 5. no evidence for borrowing
hidung 4.23 the nose 5. no evidence for borrowing
lubang hidung 4.231 the nostril 5. no evidence for borrowing
rongga hidung 4.231 the nostril 5. no evidence for borrowing
ingus 4.232 the nasal mucus 5. no evidence for borrowing
mulut 4.24 the mouth 5. no evidence for borrowing
paruh 4.241 the beak 5. no evidence for borrowing
bibir 4.25 the lip 5. no evidence for borrowing
lidah 4.26 the tongue 5. no evidence for borrowing
gigi 4.27 the tooth 5. no evidence for borrowing
gusi 4.271 the gums 5. no evidence for borrowing
(gigi) geraham 4.272 the molar tooth 4. very little evidence for borrowing
léhér 4.28 the neck 5. no evidence for borrowing
tengkuk 4.281 the nape of the neck 5. no evidence for borrowing
tenggorokan 4.29 the throat 5. no evidence for borrowing
kerongkongan 4.29 the throat 2. probably borrowed
bahu 4.3 the shoulder 2. probably borrowed
pundak 4.3 the shoulder 1. clearly borrowed
tulang belikat 4.301 the shoulderblade 5. no evidence for borrowing
tulang selangka 4.302 the collarbone 5. no evidence for borrowing
lengan 4.31 the arm 5. no evidence for borrowing
ketiak 4.312 the armpit 5. no evidence for borrowing
kéték 4.312 the armpit 1. clearly borrowed
siku 4.32 the elbow 5. no evidence for borrowing
pergelangan tangan 4.321 the wrist 5. no evidence for borrowing
tangan 4.33 the hand 5. no evidence for borrowing
tapak/telapak tangan 4.331 the palm of the hand 5. no evidence for borrowing
jari 4.34 the finger 5. no evidence for borrowing
jempol 4.342 the thumb 1. clearly borrowed
ibu jari 4.342 the thumb 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuku 4.344 the fingernail 5. no evidence for borrowing
cakar 4.345 the claw 5. no evidence for borrowing
kaki 4.35 the leg 5. no evidence for borrowing
paha 4.351 the thigh 5. no evidence for borrowing
betis 4.352 the calf of the leg 5. no evidence for borrowing
lutut 4.36 the knee 5. no evidence for borrowing
kaki 4.37 the foot 5. no evidence for borrowing
mata kaki 4.371 the ankle 5. no evidence for borrowing
tumit 4.372 the heel 5. no evidence for borrowing
jejak 4.374 the footprint 4. very little evidence for borrowing
jari kaki 4.38 the toe 5. no evidence for borrowing
sayap 4.392 the wing 5. no evidence for borrowing
bulu (burung) 4.393 the feather 5. no evidence for borrowing
dada 4.4 the chest 5. no evidence for borrowing
susu (1) 4.41 the breast 5. no evidence for borrowing
payudara 4.41 the breast 1. clearly borrowed
puting 4.412 the nipple or teat 5. no evidence for borrowing
ambing 4.42 the udder 5. no evidence for borrowing
pusar 4.43 the navel 2. probably borrowed
puser (Javanese , uncertain)
puser (Balinese , uncertain)
puser (Sundanese , uncertain)
perut 4.431 the belly 5. no evidence for borrowing
jantung 4.44 the heart 5. no evidence for borrowing
paru-paru 4.441 the lung 5. no evidence for borrowing
léver 4.45 the liver 1. clearly borrowed
hati 4.45 the liver 5. no evidence for borrowing
ginjal 4.451 the kidney 5. no evidence for borrowing
limpa 4.452 the spleen 5. no evidence for borrowing
lambung 4.46 the stomach 5. no evidence for borrowing
maag 4.46 the stomach 1. clearly borrowed
maag (Dutch )
perut 4.46 the stomach 5. no evidence for borrowing
usus 4.461 the intestines or guts 2. probably borrowed
pinggang 4.462 the waist 5. no evidence for borrowing
pinggul 4.463 the hip 5. no evidence for borrowing
pantat 4.464 the buttocks 5. no evidence for borrowing
urat 4.465 the sinew or tendon 5. no evidence for borrowing
rahim 4.47 the womb 1. clearly borrowed
kandung, kandungan 4.47 the womb 3. perhaps borrowed
biji kemaluan 4.49 the testicles 5. no evidence for borrowing
buah pelir 4.49 the testicles 5. no evidence for borrowing
testis 4.49 the testicles 1. clearly borrowed
pénis 4.492 the penis 1. clearly borrowed
< pēnis (Latin )
kontol 4.492 the penis 2. probably borrowed
pelir 4.492 the penis 5. no evidence for borrowing
vagina 4.493 the vagina 1. clearly borrowed
< vagina (Latin )
puki 4.493 the vagina 5. no evidence for borrowing
bernafas 4.51 to breathe 1. clearly borrowed
< nafas (Arabic )
menguap 4.52 to yawn 5. no evidence for borrowing
cegukan 4.521 to hiccough 5. no evidence for borrowing
batuk 4.53 to cough 5. no evidence for borrowing
bersin 4.54 to sneeze 5. no evidence for borrowing
berkeringat 4.55 to perspire 5. no evidence for borrowing
meludah 4.56 to spit 5. no evidence for borrowing
muntah 4.57 to vomit 4. very little evidence for borrowing
menggigit 4.58 to bite 5. no evidence for borrowing
menjilat 4.59 to lick 5. no evidence for borrowing
berliur 4.591 to dribble 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengiler 4.591 to dribble 1. clearly borrowed
tidur 4.61 to sleep 5. no evidence for borrowing
mendengkur 4.612 to snore 5. no evidence for borrowing
mimpi 4.62 to dream 5. no evidence for borrowing
bangun 4.63 to wake up 5. no evidence for borrowing
kentut 4.64 to fart 5. no evidence for borrowing
buang angin 4.64 to fart 5. no evidence for borrowing
kencing 4.65 to piss 5. no evidence for borrowing
bérak 4.66 to shit 5. no evidence for borrowing
bersetubuh 4.67 to have sex 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggigil 4.68 to shiver 5. no evidence for borrowing
mandi 4.69 to bathe 5. no evidence for borrowing
memperanakkan 4.71 to beget 5. no evidence for borrowing
lahir 4.72 to be born 1. clearly borrowed
hamil 4.73 pregnant 1. clearly borrowed
bunting 4.73 pregnant 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengandung 4.73 pregnant 5. no evidence for borrowing
hidup 4.74 to be alive 5. no evidence for borrowing
hidup, kehidupan 4.741 the life 5. no evidence for borrowing
mati 4.75 to die 5. no evidence for borrowing
mati 4.7501 dead 5. no evidence for borrowing
meninggal 4.7501 dead 5. no evidence for borrowing
tenggelam 4.751 to drown 5. no evidence for borrowing
membunuh 4.76 to kill 5. no evidence for borrowing
mayat 4.77 the corpse 1. clearly borrowed
< mayyit (Arabic )
jasad 4.77 the corpse 1. clearly borrowed
< jasad (Arabic )
jenazah 4.77 the corpse 1. clearly borrowed
bangkai 4.771 the carcass 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengubur(kan) 4.78 to bury 1. clearly borrowed
< qubūr (Arabic )
kubur, kuburan 4.79 the grave 1. clearly borrowed
< qubūr (Arabic )
makam 4.79 the grave 1. clearly borrowed
< maqām (Arabic )
kuat 4.81 strong 2. probably borrowed
lemah 4.82 weak 5. no evidence for borrowing
séhat 4.83 healthy 1. clearly borrowed
sakit 4.84 sick/ill 5. no evidence for borrowing
demam 4.841 the fever 5. no evidence for borrowing
gondok 4.842 the goitre/goiter 3. perhaps borrowed
flu 4.843 the cold 1. clearly borrowed
pilek 4.843 the cold 1. clearly borrowed
pileg (Sundanese , uncertain)
pileg (Javanese , uncertain)
selesma, selésma 4.843 the cold 1. clearly borrowed
masuk angin 4.843 the cold 3. perhaps borrowed
penyakit 4.844 the disease 5. no evidence for borrowing
luka 4.85 the wound or sore 5. no evidence for borrowing
memar 4.852 the bruise 5. no evidence for borrowing
bengkak 4.853 the swelling 5. no evidence for borrowing
(rasa) gatal 4.854 the itch 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggaruk 4.8541 to scratch 5. no evidence for borrowing
lepuh 4.855 the blister 5. no evidence for borrowing
bisul 4.856 the boil 5. no evidence for borrowing
nanah 4.857 the pus 5. no evidence for borrowing
parut 4.858 the scar 5. no evidence for borrowing
meyembuhkan 4.86 to cure 5. no evidence for borrowing
dokter 4.87 the physician 1. clearly borrowed
< doctor (Latin )
obat 4.88 the medicine 5. no evidence for borrowing
racun 4.89 the poison 5. no evidence for borrowing
capék, capai 4.91 tired 1. clearly borrowed
capé (Javanese , uncertain)
capé (Sundanese , uncertain)
lelah 4.91 tired 5. no evidence for borrowing
beristirahat 4.912 to rest 1. clearly borrowed
malas 4.92 lazy 5. no evidence for borrowing
botak 4.93 bald 5. no evidence for borrowing
pincang 4.94 lame 5. no evidence for borrowing
tuli 4.95 deaf 5. no evidence for borrowing
budek 4.95 deaf 1. clearly borrowed
bisu 4.96 mute 5. no evidence for borrowing
buta 4.97 blind 5. no evidence for borrowing
mabuk 4.98 drunk 5. no evidence for borrowing
telanjang 4.99 naked 5. no evidence for borrowing
makan 5.11 to eat 5. no evidence for borrowing
makanan 5.12 the food 5. no evidence for borrowing
masak 5.121 cooked 5. no evidence for borrowing
mentah 5.122 raw 5. no evidence for borrowing
matang 5.123 ripe 3. perhaps borrowed
mateng (Javanese , uncertain)
mateng (Sundanese , uncertain)
masak 5.123 ripe 5. no evidence for borrowing
mentah 5.124 unripe 5. no evidence for borrowing
basi 5.125 rotten 5. no evidence for borrowing
busuk 5.125 rotten 5. no evidence for borrowing
minum 5.13 to drink 5. no evidence for borrowing
lapar 5.14 to be hungry 5. no evidence for borrowing
kelaparan 5.141 the famine 5. no evidence for borrowing
paceklik 5.141 the famine 1. clearly borrowed
paceklik (Javanese , uncertain)
paceklik (Sundanese , uncertain)
haus 5.15 to be thirsty 5. no evidence for borrowing
meng(h)isap 5.16 to suck 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengunyah 5.18 to chew 5. no evidence for borrowing
mamah 5.18 to chew 5. no evidence for borrowing
menelan 5.181 to swallow 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencekik 5.19 to choke 5. no evidence for borrowing
memasak 5.21 to cook 5. no evidence for borrowing
mendidih 5.22 to boil 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggoréng 5.23 to roast or fry 5. no evidence for borrowing
memanggang 5.23 to roast or fry 5. no evidence for borrowing
memanggang 5.24 to bake 5. no evidence for borrowing
open 5.25 the oven 1. clearly borrowed
oven (Dutch )
tungku 5.25 the oven 5. no evidence for borrowing
dapur 5.25 the oven 5. no evidence for borrowing
panci 5.26 the pot 2. probably borrowed
panci (Sundanese , uncertain)
panci (Javanese , uncertain)
periuk 5.26 the pot 5. no evidence for borrowing
belanga 5.26 the pot 5. no evidence for borrowing
cérét 5.27 the kettle 1. clearly borrowed
téko 5.27 the kettle 1. clearly borrowed
cérék 5.27 the kettle 5. no evidence for borrowing
penggoréngan 5.28 the pan 2. probably borrowed
panci (goréng) 5.28 the pan 1. clearly borrowed
panci (goréng) (Javanese , uncertain)
panci (goréng) (Sundanese , uncertain)
kuali 5.28 the pan 2. probably borrowed
wajan 5.28 the pan 1. clearly borrowed
piring 5.31 the dish 2. probably borrowed
pinggan 5.31 the dish 1. clearly borrowed
piring 5.32 the plate 2. probably borrowed
mangkuk, mangkok 5.33 the bowl 5. no evidence for borrowing
kendi 5.34 the jug/pitcher 2. probably borrowed
picer 5.34 the jug/pitcher 1. clearly borrowed
cangkir 5.35 the cup 3. perhaps borrowed
gelas 5.35 the cup 1. clearly borrowed
glas (Dutch )
cawan 5.35 the cup 1. clearly borrowed
alas cangkir 5.36 the saucer 5. no evidence for borrowing
séndok 5.37 the spoon 2. probably borrowed
pisau 5.38 the knife(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
garpu 5.39 the fork 1. clearly borrowed
tang 5.391 the tongs 1. clearly borrowed
tang (Dutch )
sarapan 5.42 the breakfast 1. clearly borrowed
sarapan (Sundanese , uncertain)
sarapan (Javanese , uncertain)
makan pagi 5.42 the breakfast 5. no evidence for borrowing
makan siang 5.43 the lunch 5. no evidence for borrowing
makan malam 5.45 the supper 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengupas 5.46 to peel 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyaring 5.47 to sieve or to strain 5. no evidence for borrowing
meniriskan 5.47 to sieve or to strain 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengerik 5.48 to scrape 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengeruk 5.48 to scrape 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengaduk 5.49 to stir or to mix 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencampur 5.49 to stir or to mix 5. no evidence for borrowing
roti 5.51 the bread 1. clearly borrowed
adonan 5.53 the dough 1. clearly borrowed
adonan (Sundanese , uncertain)
adonan (Javanese , uncertain)
meremas, meramas 5.54 to knead 5. no evidence for borrowing
tepung 5.55 the flour 5. no evidence for borrowing
menumbuk 5.56 to crush or to grind 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggiling 5.56 to crush or to grind 5. no evidence for borrowing
menghancurkan 5.56 to crush or to grind 5. no evidence for borrowing
gilingan 5.57 the mill 5. no evidence for borrowing
lesung 5.58 the mortar(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
alu 5.59 the pestle 5. no evidence for borrowing
daging 5.61 the meat 3. perhaps borrowed
sosis 5.63 the sausage 1. clearly borrowed
sop, sup 5.64 the soup 1. clearly borrowed
soep (Dutch )
< soupe (French )
soto 5.64 the soup 1. clearly borrowed
saoto, soto (Javanese , uncertain)
saoto, soto (Sundanese , uncertain)
sayur, sayuran 5.65 the vegetables 5. no evidence for borrowing
kacang 5.66 the bean 5. no evidence for borrowing
kentang 5.7 the potato 1. clearly borrowed
buah 5.71 the fruit 5. no evidence for borrowing
ikat 5.712 the bunch 5. no evidence for borrowing
gugus 5.712 the bunch 5. no evidence for borrowing
tandan 5.712 the bunch 5. no evidence for borrowing
(buah) ara 5.75 the fig 5. no evidence for borrowing
(buah) anggur 5.76 the grape 1. clearly borrowed
kacang 5.77 the nut 5. no evidence for borrowing
(buah) zaitun 5.78 the olive 1. clearly borrowed
olive 5.78 the olive 1. clearly borrowed
< elaiá (Greek )
minyak 5.79 the oil 5. no evidence for borrowing
lemak 5.791 the grease or fat 5. no evidence for borrowing
garam 5.81 the salt 5. no evidence for borrowing
lada 5.82 the pepper 5. no evidence for borrowing
merica 5.82 the pepper 1. clearly borrowed
cabé, cabai 5.821 the chili pepper 1. clearly borrowed
< cavi (Sanskrit )
lombok 5.821 the chili pepper 1. clearly borrowed
madu 5.84 the honey 1. clearly borrowed
gula 5.85 the sugar 1. clearly borrowed
< gula (Sanskrit )
susu (2) 5.86 the milk 5. no evidence for borrowing
memerah 5.87 to milk 5. no evidence for borrowing
kéju 5.88 the cheese 1. clearly borrowed
mentéga 5.89 the butter 1. clearly borrowed
minuman 5.9 the drink 5. no evidence for borrowing
anggur 5.92 the wine 1. clearly borrowed
wine 5.92 the wine 1. clearly borrowed
bir 5.93 the beer 1. clearly borrowed
bier (Dutch )
< biber (Latin )
tuak 5.94 the fermented drink 5. no evidence for borrowing
telur, telor 5.97 the egg 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuning telur 5.971 the yolk 5. no evidence for borrowing
memakai 6.11 to put on 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengenakan 6.11 to put on 5. no evidence for borrowing
pakaian 6.12 the clothing or clothes 5. no evidence for borrowing
baju 6.12 the clothing or clothes 4. very little evidence for borrowing
busana 6.12 the clothing or clothes 1. clearly borrowed
tukang jahit 6.13 the tailor 5. no evidence for borrowing
kain 6.21 the cloth 5. no evidence for borrowing
wol 6.22 the wool 1. clearly borrowed
wol (Dutch )
linen 6.23 the linen 1. clearly borrowed
katun 6.24 the cotton 1. clearly borrowed
< coton (French )
kapas 6.24 the cotton 2. probably borrowed
sutera 6.25 the silk 1. clearly borrowed
bulu 6.28 the fur 5. no evidence for borrowing
kulit (binatang) 6.29 the leather 5. no evidence for borrowing
memintal 6.31 to spin 5. no evidence for borrowing
kumparan 6.32 the spindle 5. no evidence for borrowing
menenun 6.33 to weave 5. no evidence for borrowing
alat tenun 6.34 the loom 5. no evidence for borrowing
menjahit 6.35 to sew 5. no evidence for borrowing
jarum 6.36 the needle(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
pusut 6.37 the awl 2. probably borrowed
benang 6.38 the thread 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencelup 6.39 to dye 5. no evidence for borrowing
jubah 6.41 the cloak 1. clearly borrowed
< jubbah (Arabic )
daster 6.42 the (woman's) dress 1. clearly borrowed
terusan 6.42 the (woman's) dress 5. no evidence for borrowing
gaun 6.42 the (woman's) dress 1. clearly borrowed
tunik 6.42 the (woman's) dress 1. clearly borrowed
< tunica (Latin )
mantel 6.43 the coat 1. clearly borrowed
< mantel (French )
baju 6.44 the shirt 4. very little evidence for borrowing
keméja 6.44 the shirt 1. clearly borrowed
blus 6.44 the shirt 1. clearly borrowed
< blouse (French )
kaos 6.44 the shirt 1. clearly borrowed
kous (Dutch )
kerah 6.45 the collar 1. clearly borrowed
rok 6.46 the skirt 1. clearly borrowed
rok (Dutch )
celana 6.48 the trousers 1. clearly borrowed
seluar 6.48 the trousers 1. clearly borrowed
kaos (kaki) 6.49 the sock or stocking 1. clearly borrowed
kous (Dutch )
sepatu 6.51 the shoe 1. clearly borrowed
(sepatu) bot 6.52 the boot 1. clearly borrowed
tukang sepatu 6.54 the shoemaker 5. no evidence for borrowing
topi 6.55 the hat or cap 1. clearly borrowed
péci 6.55 the hat or cap 1. clearly borrowed
ikat pinggang 6.57 the belt 5. no evidence for borrowing
tali pinggang 6.57 the belt 5. no evidence for borrowing
sabuk 6.57 the belt 1. clearly borrowed
sabuk (Javanese , uncertain)
sabuk (Balinese , uncertain)
sabuk (Sundanese , uncertain)
géspér 6.57 the belt 1. clearly borrowed
gesp (Dutch )
sarung tangan 6.58 the glove 5. no evidence for borrowing
kerudung 6.59 the veil 1. clearly borrowed
tudung 6.59 the veil 5. no evidence for borrowing
cadar 6.59 the veil 1. clearly borrowed
kantung, kantong 6.61 the pocket 5. no evidence for borrowing
saku 6.61 the pocket 1. clearly borrowed
kancing 6.62 the button 5. no evidence for borrowing
jarum 6.63 the pin 5. no evidence for borrowing
peniti 6.63 the pin 2. probably borrowed
perhiasan 6.71 the ornament or adornment 5. no evidence for borrowing
permata 6.72 the jewel 4. very little evidence for borrowing
cincin 6.73 the ring 5. no evidence for borrowing
gelang 6.74 the bracelet 5. no evidence for borrowing
kalung 6.75 the necklace 5. no evidence for borrowing
manik-manik 6.76 the bead 2. probably borrowed
anting-anting 6.77 the earring 5. no evidence for borrowing
giwang 6.77 the earring 1. clearly borrowed
ikat kepala 6.78 the headband or headdress 5. no evidence for borrowing
serban, sorban 6.78 the headband or headdress 1. clearly borrowed
blangkon 6.78 the headband or headdress 1. clearly borrowed
destar 6.78 the headband or headdress 1. clearly borrowed
jilbab 6.78 the headband or headdress 1. clearly borrowed
tato 6.79 the tattoo 1. clearly borrowed
< tatau (Tongan )
< tatau (Samoan )
sapu tangan 6.81 the handkerchief or rag 5. no evidence for borrowing
(kain) lap 6.81 the handkerchief or rag 1. clearly borrowed
lap (Dutch )
handuk 6.82 the towel 1. clearly borrowed
tuala 6.82 the towel 1. clearly borrowed
sisir 6.91 the comb 5. no evidence for borrowing
sikat 6.92 the brush 5. no evidence for borrowing
képang 6.921 the plait/braid 1. clearly borrowed
pisau cukur 6.93 the razor 5. no evidence for borrowing
silét 6.93 the razor 1. clearly borrowed
salep 6.94 the ointment 1. clearly borrowed
zalf (Dutch )
sabun 6.95 the soap 1. clearly borrowed
cermin 6.96 the mirror 4. very little evidence for borrowing
kaca 6.96 the mirror 1. clearly borrowed
tinggal 7.11 to live 5. no evidence for borrowing
berdiam 7.11 to live 5. no evidence for borrowing
rumah 7.12 the house 5. no evidence for borrowing
pondok 7.13 the hut 2. probably borrowed
< funduq (Arabic )
gubuk 7.13 the hut 1. clearly borrowed
gubug (Javanese , uncertain)
gubug (Sundanese , uncertain)
ténda 7.14 the tent 1. clearly borrowed
kémah 7.14 the tent 1. clearly borrowed
< xaimah (Arabic )
halaman 7.15 the yard or court 5. no evidence for borrowing
dapur 7.17 the cookhouse 5. no evidence for borrowing
balai 7.18 the meeting house 5. no evidence for borrowing
kamar 7.21 the room 1. clearly borrowed
< camera (Latin )
bilik 7.21 the room 5. no evidence for borrowing
ruang, ruangan 7.21 the room 5. no evidence for borrowing
pintu 7.22 the door or gate 5. no evidence for borrowing
(pintu) gerbang 7.22 the door or gate 5. no evidence for borrowing
gapura 7.22 the door or gate 1. clearly borrowed
gapura (Sundanese , uncertain)
gapura (Javanese , uncertain)
tiang pintu 7.221 the doorpost 5. no evidence for borrowing
kunci 7.23 the lock 1. clearly borrowed
selot 7.23 the lock 1. clearly borrowed
slot (Dutch )
palang pintu 7.231 the latch or door-bolt 5. no evidence for borrowing
gréndél 7.231 the latch or door-bolt 1. clearly borrowed
< grendel (Dutch )
selot 7.231 the latch or door-bolt 1. clearly borrowed
slot (Dutch )
gembok 7.232 the padlock 1. clearly borrowed
gembok (Balinese , uncertain)
gembok (Javanese , uncertain)
(anak) kunci 7.24 the key 5. no evidence for borrowing
jendéla 7.25 the window 1. clearly borrowed
lantai 7.26 the floor 5. no evidence for borrowing
dinding 7.27 the wall 5. no evidence for borrowing
témbok 7.27 the wall 2. probably borrowed
témbok (Sundanese , uncertain)
témbok (Javanese , uncertain)
témbok (Balinese , uncertain)
perapian 7.31 the fireplace 5. no evidence for borrowing
kompor 7.32 the stove 1. clearly borrowed
cerobong (asap) 7.33 the chimney 1. clearly borrowed
tangga 7.37 the ladder 5. no evidence for borrowing
tempat tidur 7.42 the bed 5. no evidence for borrowing
ranjang 7.42 the bed 4. very little evidence for borrowing
bantal 7.421 the pillow 5. no evidence for borrowing
selimut 7.422 the blanket 5. no evidence for borrowing
kursi 7.43 the chair 1. clearly borrowed
< kursī (Arabic )
méja 7.44 the table 1. clearly borrowed
lampu 7.45 the lamp or torch 1. clearly borrowed
< lamp (Dutch )
obor 7.45 the lamp or torch 1. clearly borrowed
obor (Sundanese , uncertain)
obor (Javanese , uncertain)
suluh 7.45 the lamp or torch 5. no evidence for borrowing
dian 7.45 the lamp or torch 1. clearly borrowed
lilin 7.46 the candle 5. no evidence for borrowing
rak 7.47 the shelf 1. clearly borrowed
palung 7.48 the trough 5. no evidence for borrowing
atap 7.51 the roof 5. no evidence for borrowing
ijuk 7.52 the thatch 5. no evidence for borrowing
bubungan 7.53 the ridgepole 5. no evidence for borrowing
kasau 7.54 the rafter 5. no evidence for borrowing
balok 7.55 the beam 1. clearly borrowed
balk (Dutch )
tiang 7.56 the post or pole 5. no evidence for borrowing
papan 7.57 the board 5. no evidence for borrowing
lengkung 7.58 the arch 5. no evidence for borrowing
tukang batu 7.61 the mason 5. no evidence for borrowing
batu bata 7.62 the brick 5. no evidence for borrowing
semén 7.63 the mortar(2) 1. clearly borrowed
lépa 7.63 the mortar(2) 1. clearly borrowed
< lepa (Sanskrit )
kamp 7.65 the camp 1. clearly borrowed
kamp (Dutch )
perkémahan 7.65 the camp 5. no evidence for borrowing
< xaimah (Arabic )
menyamak 7.67 to tan 5. no evidence for borrowing
petani 8.11 the farmer 5. no evidence for borrowing
ladang 8.12 the field 5. no evidence for borrowing
kebun, kebon 8.12 the field 5. no evidence for borrowing
sawah 8.121 the paddy 5. no evidence for borrowing
taman 8.13 the garden 3. perhaps borrowed
menggarap 8.15 to cultivate 1. clearly borrowed
pagar 8.16 the fence 5. no evidence for borrowing
parit 8.17 the ditch 5. no evidence for borrowing
got 8.17 the ditch 1. clearly borrowed
goot (Dutch )
bandar 8.17 the ditch 1. clearly borrowed
membajak 8.21 to plough/plow 5. no evidence for borrowing
menenggala 8.21 to plough/plow 1. clearly borrowed
alur 8.212 the furrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggali 8.22 to dig 5. no evidence for borrowing
pacul 8.23 the spade 1. clearly borrowed
pacul (Javanese , uncertain)
pacul (Sundanese , uncertain)
sekop 8.24 the shovel 1. clearly borrowed
cangkul 8.25 the hoe 5. no evidence for borrowing
garpu 8.26 the fork(2)/pitchfork 1. clearly borrowed
penggaruk 8.27 the rake 5. no evidence for borrowing
tugal 8.28 the digging stick (=yamstick) 5. no evidence for borrowing
laso 8.29 the lasso 1. clearly borrowed
< lazo (Spanish )
menabur 8.31 to sow 5. no evidence for borrowing
benih 8.311 the seed 5. no evidence for borrowing
biji 8.311 the seed 1. clearly borrowed
membabat 8.32 to mow 1. clearly borrowed
menebas 8.32 to mow 5. no evidence for borrowing
arit 8.33 the sickle or scythe 1. clearly borrowed
arit (Balinese , uncertain)
arit (Sundanese , uncertain)
arit (Javanese , uncertain)
sabit 8.33 the sickle or scythe 5. no evidence for borrowing
celurit, clurit 8.33 the sickle or scythe 1. clearly borrowed
menebahkan 8.34 to thresh 5. no evidence for borrowing
menumbuk 8.34 to thresh 5. no evidence for borrowing
panén 8.41 the harvest 1. clearly borrowed
butir 8.42 the grain 5. no evidence for borrowing
biji 8.42 the grain 1. clearly borrowed
terigu 8.43 the wheat 1. clearly borrowed
gandum 8.43 the wheat 1. clearly borrowed
havermut 8.46 the oats 1. clearly borrowed
jagung 8.47 the maize/corn 1. clearly borrowed
nasi 8.48 the rice 5. no evidence for borrowing
beras 8.48 the rice 5. no evidence for borrowing
padi 8.48 the rice 5. no evidence for borrowing
rumput 8.51 the grass 5. no evidence for borrowing
jerami 8.52 the hay 5. no evidence for borrowing
tanaman 8.53 the plant 5. no evidence for borrowing
tumbuhan 8.53 the plant 5. no evidence for borrowing
pohon 8.53 the plant 5. no evidence for borrowing
menanam 8.531 to plant 5. no evidence for borrowing
akar 8.54 the root 5. no evidence for borrowing
cabang 8.55 the branch 5. no evidence for borrowing
dahan 8.55 the branch 5. no evidence for borrowing
ranting 8.55 the branch 5. no evidence for borrowing
daun 8.56 the leaf 5. no evidence for borrowing
bunga 8.57 the flower 5. no evidence for borrowing
kembang 8.57 the flower 1. clearly borrowed
kembaŋ (Balinese , uncertain)
kembaŋ (Sundanese , uncertain)
kembaŋ (Javanese , uncertain)
pohon 8.6 the tree 5. no evidence for borrowing
pinus 8.64 the pine 1. clearly borrowed
cemara 8.65 the fir 1. clearly borrowed
tanaman merambat 8.67 the vine 5. no evidence for borrowing
tembakau 8.68 the tobacco 1. clearly borrowed
merokok 8.69 to smoke 1. clearly borrowed
pipa 8.691 the pipe 1. clearly borrowed
cangklong 8.691 the pipe 1. clearly borrowed
cangklong (Javanese , uncertain)
cangklong (Balinese , uncertain)
tunggul 8.72 the tree stump 5. no evidence for borrowing
pokok (kayu) 8.73 the tree trunk 5. no evidence for borrowing
batang 8.73 the tree trunk 5. no evidence for borrowing
cabang 8.74 the forked branch 5. no evidence for borrowing
kulit kayu 8.75 the bark 5. no evidence for borrowing
getah 8.76 the sap 5. no evidence for borrowing
palem 8.81 the palm tree 1. clearly borrowed
palm (Dutch )
< palma (Latin )
kelapa 8.82 the coconut 2. probably borrowed
nyiur 8.82 the coconut 5. no evidence for borrowing
jeruk 8.83 the citrus fruit 2. probably borrowed
jeruk (Javanese , uncertain)
jeruk (Sundanese , uncertain)
pisang 8.84 the banana 5. no evidence for borrowing
beringin 8.85 the banyan 5. no evidence for borrowing
ubi jalar 8.91 the sweet potato 5. no evidence for borrowing
jawawut 8.911 the millet or sorghum 1. clearly borrowed
ubi madu 8.912 the yam 5. no evidence for borrowing
singkong 8.92 the cassava/manioc 1. clearly borrowed
ubi kayu 8.92 the cassava/manioc 5. no evidence for borrowing
labu 8.93 the gourd 2. probably borrowed
labu 8.931 the pumpkin or squash 2. probably borrowed
bambu 8.94 the bamboo 3. perhaps borrowed
tebu 8.941 the sugar cane 5. no evidence for borrowing
tuba 8.96 the fish poison 5. no evidence for borrowing
jelatang 8.97 the nettle 5. no evidence for borrowing
jamur 8.98 the mushroom 1. clearly borrowed
daun jarum 8.993 the needle(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
melakukan 9.11 to do 5. no evidence for borrowing
membuat 9.111 to make 5. no evidence for borrowing
membikin 9.111 to make 5. no evidence for borrowing
kerja 9.12 the work 1. clearly borrowed
pekerjaan 9.12 the work 5. no evidence for borrowing
menekukkan 9.14 to bend 5. no evidence for borrowing
membéngkokkan 9.14 to bend 5. no evidence for borrowing
melipat 9.15 to fold 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengikat 9.16 to tie 5. no evidence for borrowing
menguraikan 9.161 to untie 5. no evidence for borrowing
rantai 9.18 the chain 5. no evidence for borrowing
tali 9.19 the rope 5. no evidence for borrowing
ikatan 9.192 the knot 5. no evidence for borrowing
simpul 9.192 the knot 5. no evidence for borrowing
memukul 9.21 to strike or hit or beat 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggebrak 9.211 to pound 1. clearly borrowed
menghantam 9.211 to pound 5. no evidence for borrowing
memotong 9.22 to cut 5. no evidence for borrowing
menebang 9.221 to cut down 5. no evidence for borrowing
membelah 9.222 to chop 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencincang 9.222 to chop 5. no evidence for borrowing
menusuk 9.223 to stab 5. no evidence for borrowing
menikam 9.223 to stab 5. no evidence for borrowing
pisau 9.23 the knife(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
gunting 9.24 the scissors or shears 5. no evidence for borrowing
kapak 9.25 the axe/ax 5. no evidence for borrowing
beliung 9.251 the adze 5. no evidence for borrowing
memecahkan 9.26 to break 5. no evidence for borrowing
rusak 9.261 broken 3. perhaps borrowed
membelah 9.27 to split 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyobék 9.28 to tear 5. no evidence for borrowing
merobék 9.28 to tear 5. no evidence for borrowing
menguliti 9.29 to skin 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggosok 9.31 to rub 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggésék 9.31 to rub 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengelap 9.311 to wipe 1. clearly borrowed
lap (Dutch )
menyéka 9.311 to wipe 1. clearly borrowed
merentangkan 9.32 to stretch 5. no evidence for borrowing
merenggangkan 9.32 to stretch 5. no evidence for borrowing
menarik 9.33 to pull 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggelar 9.34 to spread out 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggantung 9.341 to hang up 5. no evidence for borrowing
menekan 9.342 to press 5. no evidence for borrowing
memencét 9.342 to press 1. clearly borrowed
memeras 9.343 to squeeze 5. no evidence for borrowing
memerah 9.343 to squeeze 5. no evidence for borrowing
menuang 9.35 to pour 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencuci 9.36 to wash 2. probably borrowed
membasuh 9.36 to wash 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyapu 9.37 to sweep 5. no evidence for borrowing
sapu 9.38 the broom 5. no evidence for borrowing
alat 9.422 the tool 1. clearly borrowed
< ālat- (Arabic )
tukang kayu 9.43 the carpenter 5. no evidence for borrowing
membangun 9.44 to build 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengebor 9.46 to bore 1. clearly borrowed
melubangi 9.46 to bore 5. no evidence for borrowing
melubangi 9.461 to hollow out 5. no evidence for borrowing
gergaji 9.48 the saw 3. perhaps borrowed
palu 9.49 the hammer 5. no evidence for borrowing
paku 9.5 the nail 5. no evidence for borrowing
lém 9.56 the glue 1. clearly borrowed
lijm (Dutch )
tukang besi 9.6 the blacksmith 5. no evidence for borrowing
menempa 9.61 to forge 5. no evidence for borrowing
paron 9.62 the anvil 1. clearly borrowed
landasan 9.62 the anvil 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencétak 9.63 to cast 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengacu 9.63 to cast 1. clearly borrowed
accu (Tamil )
mengecor 9.63 to cast 1. clearly borrowed
mas, emas 9.64 the gold 1. clearly borrowed
mās (Khmer )
kencana 9.64 the gold 1. clearly borrowed
pérak 9.65 the silver 5. no evidence for borrowing
tembaga 9.66 the copper 1. clearly borrowed
besi 9.67 the iron 5. no evidence for borrowing
timbal 9.68 the lead 1. clearly borrowed
timah 9.69 the tin or tinplate 5. no evidence for borrowing
tukang tembikar 9.71 the potter 5. no evidence for borrowing
membentuk 9.72 to mould/mold 5. no evidence for borrowing
tanah liat 9.73 the clay 5. no evidence for borrowing
kaca 9.74 the glass 1. clearly borrowed
menganyam 9.75 to weave or plait/braid 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengépang 9.75 to weave or plait/braid 1. clearly borrowed
meramin 9.75 to weave or plait/braid 5. no evidence for borrowing
keranjang 9.76 the basket 4. very little evidence for borrowing
bakul 9.76 the basket 5. no evidence for borrowing
tikar 9.77 the mat 5. no evidence for borrowing
permadani 9.771 the rug 1. clearly borrowed
karpet 9.771 the rug 1. clearly borrowed
sejedah, sajadah 9.771 the rug 1. clearly borrowed
nokén 9.78 the netbag 1. clearly borrowed
kipas 9.79 the fan 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengipasi 9.791 to fan 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengukir 9.81 to carve 5. no evidence for borrowing
tukang patung 9.82 the sculptor 5. no evidence for borrowing
patung 9.83 the statue 5. no evidence for borrowing
pahat 9.84 the chisel 5. no evidence for borrowing
bumerang 9.87 the boomerang 1. clearly borrowed
cat 9.88 the paint 1. clearly borrowed
mengecat 9.89 to paint 1. clearly borrowed
menimba 9.9 to draw water 5. no evidence for borrowing
pasak 9.91 the peg 5. no evidence for borrowing
batu asah 9.93 the whetstone 5. no evidence for borrowing
memindahkan 10.11 to move 5. no evidence for borrowing
membalikkan 10.12 to turn 5. no evidence for borrowing
membélokkan 10.12 to turn 5. no evidence for borrowing
memutar 10.12 to turn 5. no evidence for borrowing
berpaling 10.13 to turn around 5. no evidence for borrowing
putar balik 10.13 to turn around 5. no evidence for borrowing
membungkus 10.14 to wrap 5. no evidence for borrowing
meggulingkan 10.15 to roll 5. no evidence for borrowing
menjatuhkan 10.16 to drop 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencemplungkan 10.16 to drop 5. no evidence for borrowing
menceburkan 10.16 to drop 5. no evidence for borrowing
melilitkan 10.17 to twist 5. no evidence for borrowing
bangkit 10.21 to rise 5. no evidence for borrowing
bangun 10.21 to rise 5. no evidence for borrowing
naik 10.21 to rise 5. no evidence for borrowing
menanjak 10.21 to rise 5. no evidence for borrowing
terbit 10.21 to rise 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengangkat 10.22 to raise or lift 5. no evidence for borrowing
jatuh 10.23 to fall 5. no evidence for borrowing
gugur 10.23 to fall 5. no evidence for borrowing
menétés 10.24 to drip 2. probably borrowed
melémparkan 10.25 to throw 5. no evidence for borrowing
menangkap 10.252 to catch 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengocok 10.26 to shake 2. probably borrowed
kocok (Javanese , uncertain)
kocok (Sundanese , uncertain)
kocok (Balinese , uncertain)
menggoncang(kan), mengguncang(kan) 10.26 to shake 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengalir 10.32 to flow 5. no evidence for borrowing
tenggelam 10.33 to sink 5. no evidence for borrowing
terbenam 10.33 to sink 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengapung 10.34 to float 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengambang 10.34 to float 5. no evidence for borrowing
berenang 10.35 to swim 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyelam 10.351 to dive 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyemprot 10.352 to splash 1. clearly borrowed
nyemprot (Javanese , uncertain)
nyemprot (Sundanese , uncertain)
memercikkan 10.352 to splash 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyiram 10.352 to splash 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengguyur 10.352 to splash 1. clearly borrowed
ngguyur (Sundanese , uncertain)
ngguyur (Javanese , uncertain)
berlayar 10.36 to sail 5. no evidence for borrowing
terbang 10.37 to fly 5. no evidence for borrowing
bertiup 10.38 to blow 5. no evidence for borrowing
merangkak 10.41 to crawl 5. no evidence for borrowing
merayap 10.41 to crawl 5. no evidence for borrowing
berlutut 10.412 to kneel 5. no evidence for borrowing
jongkok 10.413 to crouch 1. clearly borrowed
jongkok (Balinese , uncertain)
jongkok (Javanese , uncertain)
tergelincir 10.42 to slide or slip 5. no evidence for borrowing
terpelését 10.42 to slide or slip 1. clearly borrowed
terselip 10.42 to slide or slip 5. no evidence for borrowing
selip (Sundanese , uncertain)
selip (Javanese , uncertain)
luncur 10.42 to slide or slip 5. no evidence for borrowing
meloncat 10.43 to jump 5. no evidence for borrowing
melompat 10.43 to jump 5. no evidence for borrowing
menendang 10.431 to kick 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyépak 10.431 to kick 5. no evidence for borrowing
menari 10.44 to dance 5. no evidence for borrowing
berdansa 10.44 to dance 1. clearly borrowed
berjogét 10.44 to dance 2. probably borrowed
berjalan 10.45 to walk 5. no evidence for borrowing
pincang 10.451 to limp 5. no evidence for borrowing
lari, berlari 10.46 to run 5. no evidence for borrowing
pergi 10.47 to go 5. no evidence for borrowing
naik 10.471 to go up 5. no evidence for borrowing
memanjat 10.472 to climb 5. no evidence for borrowing
turun 10.473 to go down 5. no evidence for borrowing
keluar 10.474 to go out 5. no evidence for borrowing
datang 10.48 to come 5. no evidence for borrowing
kembali 10.481 to come back 4. very little evidence for borrowing
balik 10.481 to come back 5. no evidence for borrowing
berangkat 10.49 to leave 5. no evidence for borrowing
menghilang 10.491 to disappear 5. no evidence for borrowing
lenyap 10.491 to disappear 5. no evidence for borrowing
raib 10.491 to disappear 1. clearly borrowed
< ɣaib (Arabic )
melarikan diri 10.51 to flee 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengungsi 10.51 to flee 1. clearly borrowed
ngungsi (Javanese , uncertain)
ngungsi (Sundanese , uncertain)
ngungsi (Balinese , uncertain)
kabur (2) 10.51 to flee 1. clearly borrowed
menyusul 10.52 to follow 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengikuti 10.52 to follow 5. no evidence for borrowing
menurut 10.52 to follow 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengejar 10.53 to pursue 5. no evidence for borrowing
memburu 10.53 to pursue 5. no evidence for borrowing
sampai 10.55 to arrive 5. no evidence for borrowing
tiba 10.55 to arrive 5. no evidence for borrowing
mendekati 10.56 to approach 5. no evidence for borrowing
menghampiri 10.56 to approach 5. no evidence for borrowing
masuk 10.57 to enter 3. perhaps borrowed
pulang 10.58 to go or return home 5. no evidence for borrowing
membawa 10.61 to carry 4. very little evidence for borrowing
menggéndong 10.61 to carry 1. clearly borrowed
menggenggam 10.612 to carry in hand 5. no evidence for borrowing
menénténg 10.612 to carry in hand 1. clearly borrowed
menjinjing 10.612 to carry in hand 5. no evidence for borrowing
memikul 10.613 to carry on shoulder 5. no evidence for borrowing
menjunjung 10.614 to carry on head 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengepit 10.615 to carry under the arm 5. no evidence for borrowing
membawa 10.62 to bring 4. very little evidence for borrowing
mengambil 10.62 to bring 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengantar(kan) 10.62 to bring 2. probably borrowed
mengirim(i) 10.63 to send 5. no evidence for borrowing
memimpin 10.64 to lead 5. no evidence for borrowing
membimbing 10.64 to lead 3. perhaps borrowed
menuntun 10.64 to lead 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengemudikan 10.65 to drive 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyupir 10.65 to drive 1. clearly borrowed
menyetir 10.65 to drive 1. clearly borrowed
mengendarai 10.65 to drive 2. probably borrowed
naik 10.66 to ride 5. no evidence for borrowing
mendorong 10.67 to push 5. no evidence for borrowing
jalan 10.71 the road 5. no evidence for borrowing
marga (2) 10.71 the road 1. clearly borrowed
jalan 10.72 the path 5. no evidence for borrowing
jembatan 10.74 the bridge 5. no evidence for borrowing
titi, titian 10.74 the bridge 5. no evidence for borrowing
keréta 10.75 the cart or wagon 1. clearly borrowed
roda 10.76 the wheel 1. clearly borrowed
gandar 10.77 the axle 5. no evidence for borrowing
poros 10.77 the axle 4. very little evidence for borrowing
as 10.77 the axle 1. clearly borrowed
as (Dutch )
kuk 10.78 the yoke 3. perhaps borrowed
kuu (Khmer )
< guu1 (Old Thai )
érétan 10.79 the sledge/sled 5. no evidence for borrowing
éréd (Javanese , uncertain)
éréd (Sundanese , uncertain)
éréd (Balinese , uncertain)
kapal 10.81 the ship 1. clearly borrowed
bahtera 10.81 the ship 1. clearly borrowed
perahu 10.83 the boat 4. very little evidence for borrowing
perahu lesung 10.831 the canoe 5. no evidence for borrowing
kano 10.831 the canoe 1. clearly borrowed
kano (Dutch )
katir 10.832 the outrigger 5. no evidence for borrowing
rakit 10.84 the raft 5. no evidence for borrowing
dayung 10.85 the oar 5. no evidence for borrowing
dayung 10.851 the paddle 5. no evidence for borrowing
kayuh 10.851 the paddle 4. very little evidence for borrowing
mendayung 10.852 to row 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengayuh 10.852 to row 5. no evidence for borrowing
kemudi 10.86 the rudder 5. no evidence for borrowing
tiang 10.87 the mast 5. no evidence for borrowing
layar 10.88 the sail 5. no evidence for borrowing
jangkar 10.89 the anchor 3. perhaps borrowed
< ancora (Latin )
sauh 10.89 the anchor 5. no evidence for borrowing
pelabuhan 10.91 the port 5. no evidence for borrowing
bandar 10.91 the port 1. clearly borrowed
mendarat 10.92 to land 5. no evidence for borrowing
mempunyai 11.11 to have 5. no evidence for borrowing
ada 11.11 to have 5. no evidence for borrowing
memiliki 11.11 to have 5. no evidence for borrowing
< milk (Arabic )
memiliki 11.12 to own 5. no evidence for borrowing
< milk (Arabic )
mengambil 11.13 to take 5. no evidence for borrowing
membawa 11.13 to take 4. very little evidence for borrowing
mengantar(kan) 11.13 to take 2. probably borrowed
memegang 11.14 to grasp 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggenggam 11.14 to grasp 5. no evidence for borrowing
memegang 11.15 to hold 5. no evidence for borrowing
mendapat 11.16 to get 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyimpan 11.17 to keep 5. no evidence for borrowing
barang 11.18 the thing 5. no evidence for borrowing
benda 11.18 the thing 1. clearly borrowed
memberi(kan) 11.21 to give 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengembalikan 11.22 to give back 5. no evidence for borrowing
memelihara 11.24 to preserve 1. clearly borrowed
melestarikan 11.24 to preserve 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengawétkan 11.24 to preserve 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyelamatkan 11.25 to rescue 1. clearly borrowed
menghancurkan 11.27 to destroy 5. no evidence for borrowing
membinasakan 11.27 to destroy 5. no evidence for borrowing
melukai 11.28 to injure 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencederai 11.28 to injure 5. no evidence for borrowing
merusak 11.29 to damage 2. probably borrowed
mencari 11.31 to look for 3. perhaps borrowed
ketemu 11.32 to find 5. no evidence for borrowing
menemukan 11.32 to find 5. no evidence for borrowing
kehilangan 11.33 to lose 5. no evidence for borrowing
melepas 11.34 to let go 5. no evidence for borrowing
uang 11.43 the money 2. probably borrowed
duit 11.43 the money 1. clearly borrowed
duit (Dutch )
uang logam 11.44 the coin 5. no evidence for borrowing
koin 11.44 the coin 1. clearly borrowed
kaya 11.51 rich 4. very little evidence for borrowing
miskin 11.52 poor 1. clearly borrowed
papa 11.52 poor 1. clearly borrowed
pengemis 11.53 the beggar 5. no evidence for borrowing
pelit 11.54 stingy 3. perhaps borrowed
pelit (Javanese , uncertain)
pelit (Sundanese , uncertain)
kikir 11.54 stingy 5. no evidence for borrowing
sekakar, sekaker 11.54 stingy 4. very little evidence for borrowing
meminjamkan 11.61 to lend 5. no evidence for borrowing
meminjam 11.62 to borrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
berhutang 11.63 to owe 5. no evidence for borrowing
hutang 11.64 the debt 5. no evidence for borrowing
membayar 11.65 to pay 5. no evidence for borrowing
rékening 11.66 the bill 1. clearly borrowed
tagihan 11.66 the bill 5. no evidence for borrowing
bon 11.66 the bill 1. clearly borrowed
bon (Dutch )
< bon (French )
bil 11.66 the bill 1. clearly borrowed
pajak 11.69 the tax 2. probably borrowed
pajeg (Balinese , uncertain)
pajeg (Javanese , uncertain)
pajeg (Sundanese , uncertain)
< pacht (Dutch )
mempekerjakan 11.77 to hire 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengupahi 11.77 to hire 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggaji 11.77 to hire 1. clearly borrowed
gage (Dutch )
< gage (French )
gaji 11.78 the wages 1. clearly borrowed
gage (Dutch )
< gage (French )
upah 11.78 the wages 5. no evidence for borrowing
membeli 11.81 to buy 5. no evidence for borrowing
menjual 11.82 to sell 5. no evidence for borrowing
menukar 11.83 to trade or barter 5. no evidence for borrowing
membarter 11.83 to trade or barter 1. clearly borrowed
pedagang 11.84 the merchant 5. no evidence for borrowing
saudagar 11.84 the merchant 1. clearly borrowed
pasar 11.85 the market 1. clearly borrowed
pekan (2) 11.85 the market 5. no evidence for borrowing
toko 11.86 the shop/store 1. clearly borrowed
kedai 11.86 the shop/store 1. clearly borrowed
harga 11.87 the price 1. clearly borrowed
mahal 11.88 expensive 4. very little evidence for borrowing
murah 11.89 cheap 3. perhaps borrowed
membagi 11.91 to share 1. clearly borrowed
setelah 12.01 after 5. no evidence for borrowing
sesudah 12.01 after 5. no evidence for borrowing
usai, seusai 12.01 after 5. no evidence for borrowing
(di) belakang 12.011 behind 5. no evidence for borrowing
di 12.012 in 5. no evidence for borrowing
dalam 12.012 in 5. no evidence for borrowing
di 12.013 at 5. no evidence for borrowing
di samping 12.02 beside 5. no evidence for borrowing
ke bawah 12.03 down 5. no evidence for borrowing
sebelum 12.04 before 5. no evidence for borrowing
(di) depan 12.041 in front of 5. no evidence for borrowing
di muka 12.041 in front of 5. no evidence for borrowing
(di) dalam 12.05 inside 5. no evidence for borrowing
di luar 12.06 outside 5. no evidence for borrowing
(di) bawah 12.07 under 5. no evidence for borrowing
ke atas 12.08 up 5. no evidence for borrowing
(di) atas 12.081 above 5. no evidence for borrowing
tempat 12.11 the place 5. no evidence for borrowing
menaruh 12.12 to put 5. no evidence for borrowing
meletakkan 12.12 to put 5. no evidence for borrowing
duduk 12.13 to sit 5. no evidence for borrowing
berbaring 12.14 to lie down 5. no evidence for borrowing
tidur 12.14 to lie down 5. no evidence for borrowing
berdiri 12.15 to stand 5. no evidence for borrowing
tinggal 12.16 to remain 5. no evidence for borrowing
sisa 12.17 the remains 1. clearly borrowed
tulang belulang 12.17 the remains 5. no evidence for borrowing
puing 12.17 the remains 1. clearly borrowed
puin (Dutch )
reruntuhan 12.17 the remains 1. clearly borrowed
mengumpulkan 12.21 to gather 5. no evidence for borrowing
memungut 12.212 to pick up 5. no evidence for borrowing
menumpukkan 12.213 to pile up 5. no evidence for borrowing
menimbun(kan) 12.213 to pile up 5. no evidence for borrowing
menggabung(kan) 12.22 to join 5. no evidence for borrowing
memisahkan 12.23 to separate 5. no evidence for borrowing
menceraikan 12.23 to separate 5. no evidence for borrowing
membagi 12.232 to divide 1. clearly borrowed
membuka 12.24 to open 5. no evidence for borrowing
menutup 12.25 to shut 5. no evidence for borrowing
menutup(i) 12.26 to cover 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyembunyikan 12.27 to hide 5. no evidence for borrowing
tinggi 12.31 high 5. no evidence for borrowing
rendah 12.32 low 5. no evidence for borrowing
puncak 12.33 the top 5. no evidence for borrowing
dasar 12.34 the bottom 5. no evidence for borrowing
ujung 12.35 the end(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
runcing 12.352 pointed 5. no evidence for borrowing
tepi 12.353 the edge 5. no evidence for borrowing
sisi 12.36 the side 5. no evidence for borrowing
samping 12.36 the side 1. clearly borrowed
segi 12.36 the side 5. no evidence for borrowing
tengah 12.37 the middle 5. no evidence for borrowing
kanan 12.41 right(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
kiri 12.42 left 5. no evidence for borrowing
dekat 12.43 near 5. no evidence for borrowing
jauh 12.44 far 5. no evidence for borrowing
timur 12.45 the east 5. no evidence for borrowing
barat 12.46 the west 5. no evidence for borrowing
utara 12.47 the north 1. clearly borrowed
paksina 12.47 the north 5. no evidence for borrowing
selatan 12.48 the south 5. no evidence for borrowing
daksina 12.48 the south 1. clearly borrowed
tumbuh 12.53 to grow 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengukur 12.54 to measure 5. no evidence for borrowing
depa 12.541 the fathom 5. no evidence for borrowing
besar 12.55 big 5. no evidence for borrowing
kecil 12.56 small 5. no evidence for borrowing
panjang 12.57 long 5. no evidence for borrowing
tinggi 12.58 tall 5. no evidence for borrowing
péndék 12.59 short 5. no evidence for borrowing
lébar 12.61 wide 5. no evidence for borrowing
luas 12.61 wide 5. no evidence for borrowing
sempit 12.62 narrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
tebal 12.63 thick 5. no evidence for borrowing
tipis 12.65 thin 5. no evidence for borrowing
kurus 12.65 thin 5. no evidence for borrowing
langsing 12.65 thin 1. clearly borrowed
langsing (Balinese , uncertain)
langsing (Javanese , uncertain)
dalam 12.67 deep 5. no evidence for borrowing
dangkal 12.68 shallow 2. probably borrowed
rata 12.71 flat 5. no evidence for borrowing
datar 12.71 flat 5. no evidence for borrowing
gépéng 12.71 flat 1. clearly borrowed
gèpèng (Javanese , uncertain)
gèpèng (Balinese , uncertain)
lurus 12.73 straight 5. no evidence for borrowing
béngkok 12.74 crooked 5. no evidence for borrowing
kait 12.75 the hook 5. no evidence for borrowing
pojok 12.76 the corner 1. clearly borrowed
pojok (Sundanese , uncertain)
pojok (Javanese , uncertain)
sudut 12.76 the corner 5. no evidence for borrowing
huk 12.76 the corner 1. clearly borrowed
hoek (Dutch )
palang 12.77 the cross 5. no evidence for borrowing
segiempat 12.78 the square 5. no evidence for borrowing
bundar 12.81 round 5. no evidence for borrowing
bulat 12.81 round 5. no evidence for borrowing
lingkaran 12.82 the circle 5. no evidence for borrowing
bola 12.83 the ball 1. clearly borrowed
garis 12.84 the line 1. clearly borrowed
garis (Javanese , uncertain)
garis (Sundanese , uncertain)
garis (Balinese , uncertain)
baris 12.84 the line 5. no evidence for borrowing
lubang, lobang 12.85 the hole 5. no evidence for borrowing
mirip 12.92 similar 1. clearly borrowed
mirib (Balinese , uncertain)
mirib (Javanese , uncertain)
mirib (Sundanese , uncertain)
mengubah 12.93 to change 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengganti 12.93 to change 5. no evidence for borrowing
nol 13 zero 1. clearly borrowed
nul (Dutch )
< nulla (Italian )
kosong 13 zero 5. no evidence for borrowing
satu 13.01 one 4. very little evidence for borrowing
dua 13.02 two 5. no evidence for borrowing
tiga 13.03 three 2. probably borrowed
empat 13.04 four 5. no evidence for borrowing
lima 13.05 five 5. no evidence for borrowing
enam 13.06 six 5. no evidence for borrowing
tujuh 13.07 seven 5. no evidence for borrowing
delapan 13.08 eight 5. no evidence for borrowing
sembilan 13.09 nine 5. no evidence for borrowing
sepuluh 13.1 ten 5. no evidence for borrowing
sebelas 13.101 eleven 3. perhaps borrowed
dua belas 13.102 twelve 5. no evidence for borrowing
lima belas 13.103 fifteen 5. no evidence for borrowing
dua puluh 13.104 twenty 5. no evidence for borrowing
seratus 13.105 a hundred 5. no evidence for borrowing
seribu 13.106 a thousand 5. no evidence for borrowing
menghitung 13.107 to count 5. no evidence for borrowing
semua 13.14 all 1. clearly borrowed
segala 13.14 all 1. clearly borrowed
banyak 13.15 many 5. no evidence for borrowing
lebih 13.16 more 5. no evidence for borrowing
lagi 13.16 more 5. no evidence for borrowing
sedikit 13.17 few 5. no evidence for borrowing
cukup 13.18 enough 5. no evidence for borrowing
beberapa 13.181 some 5. no evidence for borrowing
massa 13.19 the crowd 1. clearly borrowed
penuh 13.21 full 5. no evidence for borrowing
kosong 13.22 empty 5. no evidence for borrowing
bagian 13.23 the part 5. no evidence for borrowing
potong, potongan 13.231 the piece 5. no evidence for borrowing
setengah 13.24 the half 5. no evidence for borrowing
separo 13.24 the half 1. clearly borrowed
saparo (Sundanese , uncertain)
saparo (Javanese , uncertain)
separuh 13.24 the half 5. no evidence for borrowing
hanya 13.33 only 5. no evidence for borrowing
cuma 13.33 only 1. clearly borrowed
satu-satunya 13.33 only 5. no evidence for borrowing
sendiri 13.331 alone 5. no evidence for borrowing
pertama 13.34 first 1. clearly borrowed
kesatu 13.34 first 5. no evidence for borrowing
terakhir 13.35 last 5. no evidence for borrowing
kedua 13.36 second 5. no evidence for borrowing
pasang (2) 13.37 the pair 5. no evidence for borrowing
ketiga 13.42 third 5. no evidence for borrowing
waktu 14.11 the time 1. clearly borrowed
masa 14.11 the time 1. clearly borrowed
< mAsa (Sanskrit )
tempo 14.11 the time 1. clearly borrowed
umur 14.12 the age 1. clearly borrowed
< ‘umr (Arabic )
usia 14.12 the age 1. clearly borrowed
baru 14.13 new 5. no evidence for borrowing
muda 14.14 young 5. no evidence for borrowing
tua 14.15 old 5. no evidence for borrowing
awal 14.16 early 1. clearly borrowed
< awwal (Arabic )
dini 14.16 early 2. probably borrowed
< dina (Sanskrit )
lat 14.17 late 1. clearly borrowed
laat (Dutch )
terlambat 14.17 late 5. no evidence for borrowing
telat 14.17 late 1. clearly borrowed
sekarang 14.18 now 5. no evidence for borrowing
kini 14.18 now 5. no evidence for borrowing
segera 14.19 immediately 1. clearly borrowed
langsung 14.19 immediately 5. no evidence for borrowing
serta-merta 14.19 immediately 5. no evidence for borrowing
cepat 14.21 fast 5. no evidence for borrowing
laju 14.21 fast 2. probably borrowed
pesat 14.21 fast 5. no evidence for borrowing
pelan 14.22 slow 5. no evidence for borrowing
lambat 14.22 slow 5. no evidence for borrowing
terburu-buru 14.23 to hurry 5. no evidence for borrowing
cepat 14.23 to hurry 5. no evidence for borrowing
tergesa-gesa 14.23 to hurry 5. no evidence for borrowing
bergegas 14.23 to hurry 5. no evidence for borrowing
telat 14.24 to be late 1. clearly borrowed
terlambat 14.24 to be late 5. no evidence for borrowing
lat 14.24 to be late 1. clearly borrowed
laat (Dutch )
memulai 14.25 to begin 5. no evidence for borrowing
awal 14.251 the beginning 1. clearly borrowed
< awwal (Arabic )
mula 14.251 the beginning 1. clearly borrowed
berlangsung 14.252 to last 5. no evidence for borrowing
akhir 14.26 the end(2) 1. clearly borrowed
< āxir (Arabic )
penghabisan 14.26 the end(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
tamat 14.26 the end(2) 1. clearly borrowed
penghujung 14.26 the end(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
selesai 14.27 to finish 4. very little evidence for borrowing
berhenti 14.28 to cease 5. no evidence for borrowing
siap 14.29 ready 5. no evidence for borrowing
sedia 14.29 ready 1. clearly borrowed
selalu 14.31 always 5. no evidence for borrowing
sentiasa, senantiasa 14.31 always 1. clearly borrowed
sering 14.32 often 5. no evidence for borrowing
acap kali 14.32 often 5. no evidence for borrowing
kerap kali 14.32 often 5. no evidence for borrowing
kadang-kadang 14.33 sometimes 5. no evidence for borrowing
kadangkala 14.33 sometimes 5. no evidence for borrowing
segera 14.331 soon 1. clearly borrowed
lama 14.332 for a long time 5. no evidence for borrowing
lagi 14.35 again 5. no evidence for borrowing
semula 14.35 again 5. no evidence for borrowing
siang (1) 14.41 the day(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
hari 14.411 the day(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
malam 14.42 the night 5. no evidence for borrowing
fajar 14.43 the dawn 1. clearly borrowed
< fajr (Arabic )
subuh 14.43 the dawn 1. clearly borrowed
pagi 14.44 the morning 5. no evidence for borrowing
siang (2) 14.45 the midday 5. no evidence for borrowing
tengah hari 14.45 the midday 5. no evidence for borrowing
soré 14.451 the afternoon 1. clearly borrowed
soré (Balinese , uncertain)
soré (Sundanese , uncertain)
soré (Javanese , uncertain)
petang 14.451 the afternoon 5. no evidence for borrowing
hari ini 14.47 today 5. no evidence for borrowing
bésok, ésok 14.48 tomorrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
lusa 14.481 the day after tomorrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
kemarin 14.49 yesterday 5. no evidence for borrowing
kemarin dulu 14.491 the day before yesterday 5. no evidence for borrowing
kemarin lusa 14.491 the day before yesterday 5. no evidence for borrowing
jam 14.51 the hour 1. clearly borrowed
jam 14.53 the clock 1. clearly borrowed
arloji 14.53 the clock 1. clearly borrowed
minggu 14.61 the week 1. clearly borrowed
pekan (1) 14.61 the week 5. no evidence for borrowing
(hari) Minggu 14.62 Sunday 1. clearly borrowed
(hari) Ahad 14.62 Sunday 1. clearly borrowed
Senin 14.63 Monday 1. clearly borrowed
Selasa 14.64 Tuesday 1. clearly borrowed
Rabu 14.65 Wednesday 1. clearly borrowed
Kamis 14.66 Thursday 1. clearly borrowed
Jum'at 14.67 Friday 1. clearly borrowed
Sabtu 14.68 Saturday 1. clearly borrowed
bulan 14.71 the month 5. no evidence for borrowing
tahun 14.73 the year 5. no evidence for borrowing
musim dingin 14.74 the winter 5. no evidence for borrowing
musim semi 14.75 the spring(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
musim panas 14.76 the summer 5. no evidence for borrowing
musim gugur 14.77 the autumn/fall 5. no evidence for borrowing
musim 14.78 the season 1. clearly borrowed
< mausim (Arabic )
bau, berbau 15.21 to smell(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
menciumi 15.212 to sniff 4. very little evidence for borrowing
menghidu 15.212 to sniff 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengendus 15.212 to sniff 2. probably borrowed
mencium (2) 15.22 to smell(2) 4. very little evidence for borrowing
harum 15.25 fragrant 5. no evidence for borrowing
wangi 15.25 fragrant 1. clearly borrowed
wangi (Balinese , uncertain)
wangi (Javanese , uncertain)
wangi (Sundanese , uncertain)
bau 15.26 stinking 5. no evidence for borrowing
terasa 15.31 to taste 1. clearly borrowed
< rasa (Sanskrit )
manis 15.35 sweet 5. no evidence for borrowing
asin, masin 15.36 salty 5. no evidence for borrowing
pahit 15.37 bitter 5. no evidence for borrowing
asam, masam 15.38 sour 5. no evidence for borrowing
kecut 15.38 sour 1. clearly borrowed
kecut (Javanese , uncertain)
kecut (Sundanese , uncertain)
payau 15.39 brackish 5. no evidence for borrowing
mendengar 15.41 to hear 5. no evidence for borrowing
mendengarkan 15.42 to listen 5. no evidence for borrowing
suara 15.44 the sound or noise 1. clearly borrowed
bunyi 15.44 the sound or noise 5. no evidence for borrowing
keras 15.45 loud 5. no evidence for borrowing
sepi 15.46 quiet 1. clearly borrowed
sepi (Balinese , uncertain)
sepi (Sundanese , uncertain)
sepi (Javanese , uncertain)
tenang 15.46 quiet 5. no evidence for borrowing
diam (2) 15.46 quiet 5. no evidence for borrowing
sunyi 15.46 quiet 2. probably borrowed
melihat 15.51 to see 5. no evidence for borrowing
melihat 15.52 to look 5. no evidence for borrowing
menunjukkan 15.55 to show 5. no evidence for borrowing
memperlihatkan 15.55 to show 5. no evidence for borrowing
bersinar 15.56 to shine 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengkilat 15.56 to shine 5. no evidence for borrowing
bercahaya 15.56 to shine 1. clearly borrowed
berkilau 15.56 to shine 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengkilap 15.56 to shine 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyilaukan 15.56 to shine 5. no evidence for borrowing
cerah 15.57 bright 5. no evidence for borrowing
warna 15.61 the colour/color 1. clearly borrowed
kelir 15.61 the colour/color 1. clearly borrowed
terang 15.62 light(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
gelap 15.63 dark 5. no evidence for borrowing
tua 15.63 dark 5. no evidence for borrowing
putih 15.64 white 5. no evidence for borrowing
hitam 15.65 black 5. no evidence for borrowing
mérah 15.66 red 5. no evidence for borrowing
biru 15.67 blue 4. very little evidence for borrowing
hijau 15.68 green 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuning 15.69 yellow 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyentuh 15.71 to touch 5. no evidence for borrowing
meraba 15.71 to touch 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyinggung 15.71 to touch 4. very little evidence for borrowing
memegang 15.71 to touch 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengenai 15.71 to touch 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencubit 15.712 to pinch 5. no evidence for borrowing
merasakan 15.72 to feel 5. no evidence for borrowing
< rasa (Sanskrit )
meraba 15.72 to feel 5. no evidence for borrowing
keras 15.74 hard 5. no evidence for borrowing
empuk 15.75 soft 1. clearly borrowed
empuk (Sundanese , uncertain)
empuk (Balinese , uncertain)
empuk (Javanese , uncertain)
lembék 15.75 soft 5. no evidence for borrowing
lunak 15.75 soft 5. no evidence for borrowing
lembut 15.75 soft 5. no evidence for borrowing
kasar 15.76 rough(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
halus 15.77 smooth 5. no evidence for borrowing
licin 15.77 smooth 5. no evidence for borrowing
mulus 15.77 smooth 5. no evidence for borrowing
mulus (Balinese , uncertain)
mulus (Sundanese , uncertain)
mulus (Javanese , uncertain)
tajam 15.78 sharp 5. no evidence for borrowing
tumpul 15.79 blunt 5. no evidence for borrowing
majal 15.79 blunt 4. very little evidence for borrowing
berat 15.81 heavy 5. no evidence for borrowing
énténg 15.82 light(1) 1. clearly borrowed
ringan 15.82 light(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
basah 15.83 wet 5. no evidence for borrowing
kering 15.84 dry 5. no evidence for borrowing
panas 15.85 hot 5. no evidence for borrowing
hangat 15.851 warm 5. no evidence for borrowing
dingin 15.86 cold 5. no evidence for borrowing
bersih 15.87 clean 5. no evidence for borrowing
kotor 15.88 dirty 5. no evidence for borrowing
kumuh 15.88 dirty 2. probably borrowed
cemar 15.88 dirty 5. no evidence for borrowing
berkerut 15.89 wrinkled 5. no evidence for borrowing
keriput 15.89 wrinkled 3. perhaps borrowed
nyawa 16.11 the soul or spirit 5. no evidence for borrowing
jiwa 16.11 the soul or spirit 1. clearly borrowed
arwah 16.11 the soul or spirit 1. clearly borrowed
roh 16.11 the soul or spirit 1. clearly borrowed
< rūḥ (Arabic )
semangat 16.11 the soul or spirit 5. no evidence for borrowing
hantu 16.11 the soul or spirit 5. no evidence for borrowing
héran 16.15 surprised or astonished 1. clearly borrowed
kagét 16.15 surprised or astonished 1. clearly borrowed
terkejut 16.15 surprised or astonished 5. no evidence for borrowing
keberuntungan 16.18 the good luck 5. no evidence for borrowing
kemujuran 16.18 the good luck 5. no evidence for borrowing
mujur (Javanese , uncertain)
mujur (Sundanese , uncertain)
hoki 16.18 the good luck 1. clearly borrowed
kemalangan 16.19 the bad luck 5. no evidence for borrowing
sial, kesialan 16.19 the bad luck 5. no evidence for borrowing
celaka 16.19 the bad luck 2. probably borrowed
sué 16.19 the bad luck 1. clearly borrowed
senang 16.23 happy 5. no evidence for borrowing
bahagia 16.23 happy 1. clearly borrowed
gembira 16.23 happy 2. probably borrowed
tertawa 16.25 to laugh 5. no evidence for borrowing
ketawa 16.25 to laugh 5. no evidence for borrowing
tersenyum 16.251 to smile 5. no evidence for borrowing
bermain 16.26 to play 5. no evidence for borrowing
cinta, mencintai 16.27 to love 1. clearly borrowed
mengasihi 16.27 to love 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyayangi 16.27 to love 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencium (1) 16.29 to kiss 4. very little evidence for borrowing
memeluk 16.3 to embrace 5. no evidence for borrowing
merangkul 16.3 to embrace 1. clearly borrowed
rasa sakit 16.31 the pain 5. no evidence for borrowing
kesedihan 16.32 the grief 5. no evidence for borrowing
kekhawatiran, kekuatiran 16.33 the anxiety 5. no evidence for borrowing
kecemasan 16.33 the anxiety 5. no evidence for borrowing
kebimbangan 16.33 the anxiety 5. no evidence for borrowing
kegelisahan 16.33 the anxiety 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyesal(i) 16.34 to regret or be sorry 5. no evidence for borrowing
kasihan 16.35 the pity 5. no evidence for borrowing
menangis 16.37 to cry 5. no evidence for borrowing
air mata 16.38 the tear 5. no evidence for borrowing
merintih 16.39 to groan 2. probably borrowed
mengerang 16.39 to groan 5. no evidence for borrowing
membenci 16.41 to hate 5. no evidence for borrowing
kemarahan 16.42 the anger 5. no evidence for borrowing
amarah 16.42 the anger 1. clearly borrowed
murka 16.42 the anger 1. clearly borrowed
kecemburuan 16.44 the envy or jealousy 5. no evidence for borrowing
iri hati 16.44 the envy or jealousy 5. no evidence for borrowing
dengki 16.44 the envy or jealousy 5. no evidence for borrowing
rasa malu 16.45 the shame 5. no evidence for borrowing
nista 16.45 the shame 1. clearly borrowed
aib 16.45 the shame 1. clearly borrowed
< ‘aib (Arabic )
bangga 16.48 proud 5. no evidence for borrowing
berani 16.51 to dare 5. no evidence for borrowing
berani 16.52 brave 5. no evidence for borrowing
rasa takut 16.53 the fear 5. no evidence for borrowing
ketakutan 16.53 the fear 5. no evidence for borrowing
bahaya 16.54 the danger 1. clearly borrowed
mau 16.62 to want 5. no evidence for borrowing
ingin 16.62 to want 5. no evidence for borrowing
memilih 16.622 to choose 5. no evidence for borrowing
berharap 16.63 to hope 5. no evidence for borrowing
setia 16.65 faithful 1. clearly borrowed
benar 16.66 true 5. no evidence for borrowing
berbohong 16.67 to lie(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
berdusta 16.67 to lie(2) 1. clearly borrowed
penipuan 16.68 the deceit 5. no evidence for borrowing
kebohongan 16.68 the deceit 5. no evidence for borrowing
kecurangan 16.68 the deceit 5. no evidence for borrowing
curang (Sundanese , uncertain)
curang (Javanese , uncertain)
memaafkan 16.69 to forgive 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengampuni 16.69 to forgive 5. no evidence for borrowing
baik 16.71 good 5. no evidence for borrowing
bagus 16.71 good 5. no evidence for borrowing
jelék 16.72 bad 1. clearly borrowed
buruk 16.72 bad 5. no evidence for borrowing
betul 16.73 right(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
benar 16.73 right(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
salah 16.74 wrong 5. no evidence for borrowing
kesalahan 16.76 the fault 5. no evidence for borrowing
kesalahan 16.77 the mistake 5. no evidence for borrowing
kesalahan 16.78 the blame 5. no evidence for borrowing
puji(an) 16.79 the praise 1. clearly borrowed
indah 16.81 beautiful 5. no evidence for borrowing
cantik 16.81 beautiful 3. perhaps borrowed
asri 16.81 beautiful 1. clearly borrowed
permai 16.81 beautiful 5. no evidence for borrowing
jelék 16.82 ugly 1. clearly borrowed
rakus 16.83 greedy 5. no evidence for borrowing
loba 16.83 greedy 1. clearly borrowed
serakah 16.83 greedy 2. probably borrowed
tamak 16.83 greedy 1. clearly borrowed
cerdas 16.84 clever 5. no evidence for borrowing
cerdik 16.84 clever 5. no evidence for borrowing
pintar 16.84 clever 1. clearly borrowed
pinter (Sundanese , uncertain)
pinter (Javanese , uncertain)
pandai 16.84 clever 2. probably borrowed
akal 17.11 the mind 1. clearly borrowed
< ‘aql (Arabic )
benak 17.11 the mind 5. no evidence for borrowing
pikir 17.13 to think(1) 1. clearly borrowed
< fikr (Arabic )
pikir 17.14 to think(2) 1. clearly borrowed
< fikr (Arabic )
kira 17.14 to think(2) 4. very little evidence for borrowing
percaya 17.15 to believe 1. clearly borrowed
mengerti 17.16 to understand 1. clearly borrowed
memahami 17.16 to understand 5. no evidence for borrowing
< fahm (Arabic )
tahu 17.17 to know 5. no evidence for borrowing
menebak 17.171 to guess 5. no evidence for borrowing
menduga 17.171 to guess 5. no evidence for borrowing
menerka 17.171 to guess 1. clearly borrowed
meniru 17.172 to imitate 5. no evidence for borrowing
kelihatan 17.18 to seem 5. no evidence for borrowing
tampak 17.18 to seem 5. no evidence for borrowing
nampak 17.18 to seem 5. no evidence for borrowing
terlihat 17.18 to seem 5. no evidence for borrowing
idé 17.19 the idea 1. clearly borrowed
idee (Dutch )
< idée (French )
gagasan 17.19 the idea 1. clearly borrowed
bijaksana 17.21 wise 1. clearly borrowed
bodoh 17.22 stupid 5. no evidence for borrowing
goblok 17.22 stupid 1. clearly borrowed
goblog (Sundanese , uncertain)
goblog (Javanese , uncertain)
bégo 17.22 stupid 1. clearly borrowed
konyol 17.22 stupid 1. clearly borrowed
dungu 17.22 stupid 5. no evidence for borrowing
gila 17.23 mad 5. no evidence for borrowing
belajar 17.24 to learn 2. probably borrowed
belajar 17.242 to study 2. probably borrowed
mengajar 17.25 to teach 1. clearly borrowed
murid 17.26 the pupil 1. clearly borrowed
< murīd (Arabic )
guru 17.27 the teacher 1. clearly borrowed
< guru (Sanskrit )
sekolah 17.28 the school 1. clearly borrowed
mengingat 17.31 to remember 5. no evidence for borrowing
lupa, melupakan 17.32 to forget 5. no evidence for borrowing
jelas 17.34 clear 5. no evidence for borrowing
kabur (1) 17.35 obscure 5. no evidence for borrowing
rahasia 17.36 secret 1. clearly borrowed
pasti 17.37 certain 2. probably borrowed
tentu 17.37 certain 5. no evidence for borrowing
yakin 17.37 certain 1. clearly borrowed
< yaqīn (Arabic )
menjelaskan 17.38 to explain 5. no evidence for borrowing
menerangkan 17.38 to explain 5. no evidence for borrowing
maksud 17.41 the intention 1. clearly borrowed
niat 17.41 the intention 1. clearly borrowed
kehendak 17.41 the intention 5. no evidence for borrowing
sebab 17.42 the cause 1. clearly borrowed
< sabab (Arabic )
keraguan 17.43 the doubt 5. no evidence for borrowing
kesangsian 17.43 the doubt 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencurigai 17.44 to suspect 5. no evidence for borrowing
curiga (Balinese , uncertain)
curiga (Javanese , uncertain)
curiga (Sundanese , uncertain)
menyangka 17.44 to suspect 1. clearly borrowed
mengkhianati 17.441 to betray 1. clearly borrowed
keperluan 17.45 the need or necessity 5. no evidence for borrowing
< farḍ (Arabic )
kebutuhan 17.45 the need or necessity 5. no evidence for borrowing
butuh (Sundanese , uncertain)
butuh (Javanese , uncertain)
gampang 17.46 easy 2. probably borrowed
gampang (Sundanese , uncertain)
gampang (Javanese , uncertain)
mudah 17.46 easy 5. no evidence for borrowing
susah 17.47 difficult 5. no evidence for borrowing
sulit 17.47 difficult 5. no evidence for borrowing
sukar 17.47 difficult 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencoba 17.48 to try 4. very little evidence for borrowing
cara 17.49 the manner 1. clearly borrowed
gaya 17.49 the manner 5. no evidence for borrowing
dan 17.51 and 5. no evidence for borrowing
serta 17.51 and 1. clearly borrowed
karena 17.52 because 1. clearly borrowed
sebab 17.52 because 1. clearly borrowed
< sabab (Arabic )
gara-gara 17.52 because 1. clearly borrowed
gara-gara (Javanese , uncertain)
gara-gara (Sundanese , uncertain)
kalau 17.53 if 5. no evidence for borrowing
< lau (Arabic )
jika 17.53 if 5. no evidence for borrowing
andai 17.53 if 3. perhaps borrowed
atau 17.54 or 1. clearly borrowed
ya, iya 17.55 yes 5. no evidence for borrowing
bukan 17.56 no 5. no evidence for borrowing
tak 17.56 no 5. no evidence for borrowing
enggak, nggak, gak, ga 17.56 no 2. probably borrowed
tidak 17.56 no 5. no evidence for borrowing
bagaimana 17.61 how? 5. no evidence for borrowing
berapa 17.62 how many? 5. no evidence for borrowing
berapa 17.63 how much? 5. no evidence for borrowing
apa 17.64 what? 5. no evidence for borrowing
kapan 17.65 when? 1. clearly borrowed
bila 17.65 when? 1. clearly borrowed
(di) mana 17.66 where? 5. no evidence for borrowing
(yang) mana 17.67 which? 5. no evidence for borrowing
siapa 17.68 who? 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengapa 17.69 why? 5. no evidence for borrowing
kenapa 17.69 why? 5. no evidence for borrowing
suara 18.11 the voice 1. clearly borrowed
menyanyi 18.12 to sing 5. no evidence for borrowing
bernyanyi 18.12 to sing 5. no evidence for borrowing
teriak 18.13 to shout 5. no evidence for borrowing
berbisik 18.15 to whisper 5. no evidence for borrowing
bergumam 18.16 to mumble 5. no evidence for borrowing
bersiul 18.17 to whistle 5. no evidence for borrowing
menjerit 18.18 to shriek 5. no evidence for borrowing
melolong 18.19 to howl 5. no evidence for borrowing
berbicara 18.21 to speak or talk 1. clearly borrowed
ngomong 18.21 to speak or talk 1. clearly borrowed
ngomong (Javanese , uncertain)
ngomong (Balinese , uncertain)
ngomong (Sundanese , uncertain)
ngobrol 18.21 to speak or talk 1. clearly borrowed
ngobrol (Sundanese , uncertain)
ngobrol (Javanese , uncertain)
menggagap 18.211 to stutter or stammer 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengatakan 18.22 to say 5. no evidence for borrowing
bilang 18.22 to say 5. no evidence for borrowing
menceritakan 18.221 to tell 5. no evidence for borrowing
pidato 18.222 the speech 1. clearly borrowed
diam (1) 18.23 to be silent 5. no evidence for borrowing
bahasa 18.24 the language 1. clearly borrowed
kata 18.26 the word 1. clearly borrowed
nama 18.28 the name 1. clearly borrowed
bertanya 18.31 to ask(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
menjawab 18.32 to answer 1. clearly borrowed
< jawāb (Arabic )
membalas 18.32 to answer 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyahut 18.32 to answer 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengaku(i) 18.33 to admit 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyangkal 18.34 to deny 5. no evidence for borrowing
membantah 18.34 to deny 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyanggah 18.34 to deny 5. no evidence for borrowing
meminta 18.35 to ask(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
berjanji 18.36 to promise 5. no evidence for borrowing
menolak 18.37 to refuse 5. no evidence for borrowing
melarang 18.38 to forbid 5. no evidence for borrowing
menegur 18.39 to scold 5. no evidence for borrowing
menghardik 18.39 to scold 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencaci-maki 18.39 to scold 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengoméli 18.39 to scold 1. clearly borrowed
mengata-ngatai 18.39 to scold 5. no evidence for borrowing
memarahi 18.39 to scold 5. no evidence for borrowing
memanggil 18.41 to call(1) 5. no evidence for borrowing
menamakan 18.42 to call(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
menamai 18.42 to call(2) 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengumumkan 18.43 to announce 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengancam 18.44 to threaten 3. perhaps borrowed
membual 18.45 to boast 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyombongkan diri 18.45 to boast 5. no evidence for borrowing
menulis 18.51 to write 5. no evidence for borrowing
membaca 18.52 to read 1. clearly borrowed
< vaca (Sanskrit )
kertas 18.56 the paper 1. clearly borrowed
pulpén 18.57 the pen 1. clearly borrowed
péna 18.57 the pen 1. clearly borrowed
bolpoin 18.57 the pen 1. clearly borrowed
kalam 18.57 the pen 1. clearly borrowed
< qalam (Arabic )
buku 18.61 the book 1. clearly borrowed
< boek (Dutch )
penyair 18.67 the poet 5. no evidence for borrowing
pujangga 18.67 the poet 1. clearly borrowed
suling, seruling 18.71 the flute 5. no evidence for borrowing
gendang, genderang 18.72 the drum 5. no evidence for borrowing
trompét 18.73 the horn or trumpet 1. clearly borrowed
écék-écék 18.74 the rattle 4. very little evidence for borrowing
kécrékan 18.74 the rattle 2. probably borrowed
negara 19.11 the country 1. clearly borrowed
tanah-air 19.12 the native country 5. no evidence for borrowing
tumpah darah 19.12 the native country 5. no evidence for borrowing
kota 19.15 the town 1. clearly borrowed
désa 19.16 the village 1. clearly borrowed
désa (Sundanese , uncertain)
désa (Javanese , uncertain)
désa (Balinese , uncertain)
kampung 19.16 the village 5. no evidence for borrowing
perbatasan 19.17 the boundary 5. no evidence for borrowing
rakyat 19.21 the people 1. clearly borrowed
marga (1) 19.23 the clan 1. clearly borrowed
suku 19.23 the clan 5. no evidence for borrowing
kepala adat 19.24 the chieftain 5. no evidence for borrowing
kepala suku 19.24 the chieftain 5. no evidence for borrowing
tongkat 19.25 the walking stick 5. no evidence for borrowing
memerintah 19.31 to rule or govern 5. no evidence for borrowing
raja 19.32 the king 1. clearly borrowed
ratu 19.33 the queen 1. clearly borrowed
bangsawan 19.36 the noble 5. no evidence for borrowing
warga(negara) 19.37 the citizen 1. clearly borrowed
tuan 19.41 the master 5. no evidence for borrowing
budak 19.42 the slave 5. no evidence for borrowing
pembantu 19.43 the servant 5. no evidence for borrowing
memerdékakan 19.445 to liberate 5. no evidence for borrowing
memerintahkan 19.45 to command or order 5. no evidence for borrowing
mentaati, menaati 19.46 to obey 5. no evidence for borrowing
mematuhi 19.46 to obey 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengijinkan, mengizinkan 19.47 to permit 5. no evidence for borrowing
< idhn (Arabic )
memperboléhkan 19.47 to permit 5. no evidence for borrowing
membiarkan 19.47 to permit 5. no evidence for borrowing
teman 19.51 the friend 2. probably borrowed
kawan 19.51 the friend 5. no evidence for borrowing
handai 19.51 the friend 2. probably borrowed
taulan 19.51 the friend 2. probably borrowed
sahabat, sobat 19.51 the friend 1. clearly borrowed
musuh 19.52 the enemy 5. no evidence for borrowing
seteru 19.52 the enemy 1. clearly borrowed
tetangga 19.54 the neighbour 5. no evidence for borrowing
jiran 19.54 the neighbour 1. clearly borrowed
tamu, tetamu 19.56 the guest 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengundang 19.565 to invite 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengajak 19.565 to invite 3. perhaps borrowed
ngajak (Balinese , uncertain)
ngajak (Sundanese , uncertain)
ngajak (Javanese , uncertain)
tuan rumah 19.57 the host 5. no evidence for borrowing
membantu 19.58 to help 5. no evidence for borrowing
menolong 19.58 to help 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencegah 19.59 to prevent 1. clearly borrowed
cegah, nyegah (Javanese , uncertain)
cegah, nyegah (Sundanese , uncertain)
menghalangI 19.59 to prevent 5. no evidence for borrowing
adat 19.61 the custom 1. clearly borrowed
perselisihan 19.62 the quarrel 5. no evidence for borrowing
pertikaian 19.62 the quarrel 5. no evidence for borrowing
pertengkaran (mulut) 19.62 the quarrel 5. no evidence for borrowing
perkelahian 19.62 the quarrel 5. no evidence for borrowing
percékcokan 19.62 the quarrel 5. no evidence for borrowing
persekongkolan 19.63 the plot 3. perhaps borrowed
komplot 19.63 the plot 1. clearly borrowed
kongkalikong 19.63 the plot 4. very little evidence for borrowing
konspirasi 19.63 the plot 1. clearly borrowed
kasak-kisik, kasak-kusuk 19.63 the plot 5. no evidence for borrowing
berjumpa 19.65 to meet 5. no evidence for borrowing
bersua 19.65 to meet 3. perhaps borrowed
ketemu 19.65 to meet 5. no evidence for borrowing
bertemu 19.65 to meet 5. no evidence for borrowing
pelacur 19.72 the prostitute 5. no evidence for borrowing
lonté 19.72 the prostitute 1. clearly borrowed
pérék 19.72 the prostitute 5. no evidence for borrowing
WTS 19.72 the prostitute 5. no evidence for borrowing
PSK 19.72 the prostitute 5. no evidence for borrowing
cabo 19.72 the prostitute 1. clearly borrowed
berkelahi 20.11 to fight 1. clearly borrowed
berperang 20.11 to fight 5. no evidence for borrowing
bertengkar 20.11 to fight 5. no evidence for borrowing
bertempur 20.11 to fight 5. no evidence for borrowing
brantem, berantem 20.11 to fight 1. clearly borrowed
bertikai 20.11 to fight 2. probably borrowed
bertarung 20.11 to fight 5. no evidence for borrowing
perang 20.13 the war or battle 3. perhaps borrowed
pertempuran 20.13 the war or battle 5. no evidence for borrowing
perdamaian 20.14 the peace 5. no evidence for borrowing
tentara 20.15 the army 1. clearly borrowed
tentara 20.17 the soldier 1. clearly borrowed
serdadu 20.17 the soldier 1. clearly borrowed
prajurit 20.17 the soldier 1. clearly borrowed
laskar 20.17 the soldier 1. clearly borrowed
senjata 20.21 the weapons 1. clearly borrowed
pentung 20.22 the club 5. no evidence for borrowing
jipang 20.222 the battle-axe 2. probably borrowed
ketapél 20.23 the sling 1. clearly borrowed
panah 20.24 the bow 5. no evidence for borrowing
busur 20.24 the bow 5. no evidence for borrowing
anak panah 20.25 the arrow 5. no evidence for borrowing
tombak 20.26 the spear 5. no evidence for borrowing
pedang 20.27 the sword 5. no evidence for borrowing
bedil 20.28 the gun 2. probably borrowed
senapan, senapang 20.28 the gun 1. clearly borrowed
baju baja 20.31 the armour 4. very little evidence for borrowing
hélem 20.33 the helmet 1. clearly borrowed
helm (Dutch )
perisai 20.34 the shield 1. clearly borrowed
taméng 20.34 the shield 1. clearly borrowed
tamèng (Balinese , uncertain)
tamèng (Javanese , uncertain)
tamèng (Sundanese , uncertain)
bénténg 20.35 the fortress 1. clearly borrowed
menara 20.36 the tower 2. probably borrowed
kemenangan 20.41 the victory 5. no evidence for borrowing
kejayaan 20.41 the victory 5. no evidence for borrowing
< jaya (Sanskrit )
kekalahan 20.42 the defeat 5. no evidence for borrowing
serangan 20.43 the attack 5. no evidence for borrowing
serbuan 20.43 the attack 5. no evidence for borrowing
gempuran 20.43 the attack 1. clearly borrowed
membéla 20.44 to defend 3. perhaps borrowed
mempertahankan 20.44 to defend 5. no evidence for borrowing
mundur 20.45 to retreat 5. no evidence for borrowing
menyerahkan diri 20.46 to surrender 5. no evidence for borrowing
tawanan 20.47 the captive or prisoner 5. no evidence for borrowing
tahanan 20.47 the captive or prisoner 5. no evidence for borrowing
narapidana 20.47 the captive or prisoner 5. no evidence for borrowing
< nara (Sanskrit )
pesakitan 20.47 the captive or prisoner 2. probably borrowed
penjaga 20.471 the guard 5. no evidence for borrowing
satpam 20.471 the guard 5. no evidence for borrowing
jarahan 20.48 the booty 5. no evidence for borrowing
peradangan 20.49 the ambush 5. no evidence for borrowing
nelayan 20.51 the fisherman 1. clearly borrowed
mata kail 20.52 the fishhook 5. no evidence for borrowing
tali kail 20.53 the fishing line 5. no evidence for borrowing
jala 20.54 the fishnet 1. clearly borrowed
pukat 20.54 the fishnet 5. no evidence for borrowing
jaring 20.54 the fishnet 5. no evidence for borrowing
bubu 20.55 the fish trap 5. no evidence for borrowing
umpan 20.56 the bait 5. no evidence for borrowing
berburu 20.61 to hunt 5. no evidence for borrowing
menémbak 20.62 to shoot 5. no evidence for borrowing
luncas 20.63 to miss 5. no evidence for borrowing
melését 20.63 to miss 1. clearly borrowed
ketinggalan 20.63 to miss 5. no evidence for borrowing
perangkap 20.64 the trap 5. no evidence for borrowing
menjerat 20.65 to trap 5. no evidence for borrowing
menjebak 20.65 to trap 5. no evidence for borrowing
undang-undang 21.11 the law 5. no evidence for borrowing
hukum 21.11 the law 1. clearly borrowed
< ḥukm (Arabic )
pengadilan 21.15 the court 5. no evidence for borrowing
mahkamah 21.15 the court 1. clearly borrowed
mengadili 21.16 to adjudicate 5. no evidence for borrowing
putusan 21.17 the judgment 5. no evidence for borrowing
hakim 21.18 the judge 1. clearly borrowed
penuntut 21.21 the plaintiff 5. no evidence for borrowing
terdakwa 21.22 the defendant 5. no evidence for borrowing
saksi 21.23 the witness 1. clearly borrowed
bersumpah 21.24 to swear 5. no evidence for borrowing
sumpah 21.25 the oath 5. no evidence for borrowing
menuduh 21.31 to accuse 5. no evidence for borrowing
menuding 21.31 to accuse 1. clearly borrowed
nuding (Javanese , uncertain)
nuding (Sundanese , uncertain)
nuding (Balinese , uncertain)
mendakwa 21.31 to accuse 1. clearly borrowed
menghukum 21.32 to condemn 1. clearly borrowed
< ḥukm (Arabic )
memvonis 21.32 to condemn 1. clearly borrowed
bersalah 21.35 guilty 5. no evidence for borrowing
hukuman 21.37 the penalty or punishment 5. no evidence for borrowing
setrap 21.37 the penalty or punishment 1. clearly borrowed
penalti 21.37 the penalty or punishment 1. clearly borrowed
vonis 21.37 the penalty or punishment 1. clearly borrowed
pidana 21.37 the penalty or punishment 1. clearly borrowed
sanksi 21.37 the penalty or punishment 1. clearly borrowed
denda 21.38 the fine 1. clearly borrowed
penjara 21.39 the prison 1. clearly borrowed
bui 21.39 the prison 1. clearly borrowed
boei (Dutch )
lembaga pemasyarakatan 21.39 the prison 5. no evidence for borrowing
pembunuhan 21.42 the murder 5. no evidence for borrowing
zina(h) 21.43 the adultery 1. clearly borrowed
pemerkosaan 21.44 the rape 5. no evidence for borrowing
sumpah palsu 21.47 the perjury 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencuri 21.51 to steal 1. clearly borrowed
pencuri 21.52 the thief 5. no evidence for borrowing
maling 21.52 the thief 5. no evidence for borrowing
agama 22.11 the religion 1. clearly borrowed
religi 22.11 the religion 1. clearly borrowed
< religio (Latin )
déwa 22.12 the god 1. clearly borrowed
< deva (Sanskrit )
rumah ibadah 22.13 the temple 5. no evidence for borrowing
kuil 22.13 the temple 1. clearly borrowed
geréja 22.131 the church 1. clearly borrowed
masjid, mesjid 22.132 the mosque 1. clearly borrowed
< masjid (Arabic )
altar 22.14 the altar 1. clearly borrowed
< altāre (Latin )
korban 22.15 the sacrifice 1. clearly borrowed
beribadah 22.16 to worship 1. clearly borrowed
sembahyang 22.16 to worship 5. no evidence for borrowing
sembahyang 22.17 to pray 5. no evidence for borrowing
berdoa 22.17 to pray 1. clearly borrowed
sholat 22.17 to pray 1. clearly borrowed
pendéta 22.18 the priest 1. clearly borrowed
imam 22.18 the priest 1. clearly borrowed
< imām (Arabic )
pastor, pastur 22.18 the priest 1. clearly borrowed
< pastoor (Dutch )
romo 22.18 the priest 1. clearly borrowed
rama (Sundanese , uncertain)
rama (Javanese , uncertain)
suci 22.19 holy 1. clearly borrowed
kudus 22.19 holy 1. clearly borrowed
< qudus (Arabic )
berkhotbah 22.22 to preach 1. clearly borrowed
memberkati 22.23 to bless 5. no evidence for borrowing
merestui 22.23 to bless 5. no evidence for borrowing
mengutuk 22.24 to curse 5. no evidence for borrowing
mencaci-maki 22.24 to curse 5. no evidence for borrowing
berpuasa 22.26 to fast 1. clearly borrowed
syurga, syorga, surga, sorga 22.31 the heaven 1. clearly borrowed
kayangan 22.31 the heaven 5. no evidence for borrowing
neraka 22.32 the hell 1. clearly borrowed
sétan 22.35 the demon 1. clearly borrowed
berhala 22.37 the idol 1. clearly borrowed
sihir 22.42 the magic 1. clearly borrowed
< siḥr (Arabic )
sulap 22.42 the magic 5. no evidence for borrowing
penyihir 22.43 the sorcerer or witch 5. no evidence for borrowing
< siḥr (Arabic )
tukang sihir 22.43 the sorcerer or witch 5. no evidence for borrowing
bidadari 22.44 the fairy or elf 1. clearly borrowed
peri 22.44 the fairy or elf 1. clearly borrowed
makhluk halus 22.44 the fairy or elf 5. no evidence for borrowing
hantu 22.45 the ghost 5. no evidence for borrowing
alamat buruk 22.47 the omen 5. no evidence for borrowing
sunat 22.5 the circumcision 1. clearly borrowed
khitan 22.5 the circumcision 1. clearly borrowed
radio 23.1 the radio 1. clearly borrowed
< radio (English )
télevisi 23.11 the television 1. clearly borrowed
TV 23.11 the television 1. clearly borrowed
TV (English )
télepon, télpon, telpon, télefon, telfon 23.12 the telephone 1. clearly borrowed
sepéda 23.13 the bicycle 1. clearly borrowed
sepéda motor 23.135 the motorcycle 5. no evidence for borrowing
mobil 23.14 the car 1. clearly borrowed
bis 23.15 the bus 1. clearly borrowed
bus (Dutch )
< bus (English )
keréta api 23.155 the train 5. no evidence for borrowing
pesawat (terbang) 23.16 the airplane 5. no evidence for borrowing
kapal terbang 23.16 the airplane 5. no evidence for borrowing
listrik 23.17 the electricity 1. clearly borrowed
baterai 23.175 the battery 1. clearly borrowed
mengerém 23.18 to brake 1. clearly borrowed
rem (Dutch )
mesin 23.185 the motor 1. clearly borrowed
motor 23.185 the motor 1. clearly borrowed
mesin 23.19 the machine 1. clearly borrowed
minyak tanah 23.195 the petroleum 5. no evidence for borrowing
rumah sakit 23.2 the hospital 5. no evidence for borrowing
perawat 23.21 the nurse 5. no evidence for borrowing
suster 23.21 the nurse 1. clearly borrowed
pil, pél 23.22 the pill or tablet 1. clearly borrowed
pil (Dutch )
< pillula (Latin )
suntikan 23.23 the injection 5. no evidence for borrowing
inyéksi 23.23 the injection 1. clearly borrowed
injéksi 23.23 the injection 1. clearly borrowed
< inject- (Latin )
kaca mata 23.24 the spectacles/glasses 5. no evidence for borrowing
pemerintah 23.3 the government 5. no evidence for borrowing
présidén 23.31 the president 1. clearly borrowed
menteri 23.32 the minister 1. clearly borrowed
polisi 23.33 the police 1. clearly borrowed
< police (French )
SIM 23.34 the driver's license 5. no evidence for borrowing
plat (mobil) 23.35 the license plate 1. clearly borrowed
akta kelahiran 23.36 the birth certificate 5. no evidence for borrowing
akte (Dutch )
< acte (French )
kejahatan 23.37 the crime 5. no evidence for borrowing
tindak pidana 23.37 the crime 5. no evidence for borrowing
pemilihan 23.38 the election 5. no evidence for borrowing
alamat 23.385 the address 1. clearly borrowed
nomor 23.39 the number 1. clearly borrowed
angka 23.39 the number 1. clearly borrowed
jalan 23.395 the street 5. no evidence for borrowing
pos 23.4 the post/mail 1. clearly borrowed
post (Dutch )
< poste (French )
prangko, perangko 23.41 the postage stamp 1. clearly borrowed
surat 23.42 the letter 5. no evidence for borrowing
kartu pos 23.43 the postcard 5. no evidence for borrowing
< kaart (Dutch )
bank 23.44 the bank 1. clearly borrowed
bank (Dutch )
< banco (Italian )
kran, keran 23.5 the tap/faucet 1. clearly borrowed
wastafel 23.51 the sink 1. clearly borrowed
kamar kecil 23.52 the toilet 5. no evidence for borrowing
toilét, toalét 23.52 the toilet 1. clearly borrowed
klosét 23.52 the toilet 1. clearly borrowed
WC 23.52 the toilet 1. clearly borrowed
W.C. (Dutch )
kakus 23.52 the toilet 5. no evidence for borrowing
jamban 23.52 the toilet 5. no evidence for borrowing
kasur 23.53 the mattress 4. very little evidence for borrowing
kaléng 23.54 the tin/can 1. clearly borrowed
sekrup, sekerup 23.55 the screw 1. clearly borrowed
obéng 23.555 the screwdriver 1. clearly borrowed
botol 23.56 the bottle 1. clearly borrowed
permén 23.565 the candy/sweets 1. clearly borrowed
gula-gula 23.565 the candy/sweets 5. no evidence for borrowing
kembang gula 23.565 the candy/sweets 2. probably borrowed
kembang gula (Javanese , uncertain)
kembang gula (Sundanese , uncertain)
plastik 23.57 the plastic 1. clearly borrowed
bom 23.575 the bomb 1. clearly borrowed
bom (Dutch )
béngkél 23.58 the workshop 1. clearly borrowed
rokok 23.59 the cigarette 1. clearly borrowed
surat kabar 23.6 the newspaper 5. no evidence for borrowing
< xabar (Arabic )
koran 23.6 the newspaper 1. clearly borrowed
kalénder 23.61 the calendar 1. clearly borrowed
penanggalan 23.61 the calendar 2. probably borrowed
pananggalan (Balinese , uncertain)
pananggalan (Javanese , uncertain)
filem 23.62 the film/movie 1. clearly borrowed
film (Dutch )
musik 23.63 the music 1. clearly borrowed
lagu 23.64 the song 5. no evidence for borrowing
téh 23.9 the tea 1. clearly borrowed
kopi 23.91 the coffee 1. clearly borrowed
< qahwa (Arabic )
ada, berada 24.01 to be 5. no evidence for borrowing
merupakan 24.01 to be 5. no evidence for borrowing
menjadi 24.01 to be 5. no evidence for borrowing
menjadi 24.02 to become 5. no evidence for borrowing
tanpa 24.03 without 1. clearly borrowed
tanpa (Sundanese , uncertain)
tanpa (Balinese , uncertain)
tanpa (Javanese , uncertain)
dengan 24.04 with 5. no evidence for borrowing
bersama 24.04 with 5. no evidence for borrowing
serta 24.04 with 1. clearly borrowed
léwat 24.05 through 5. no evidence for borrowing
melalui 24.05 through 5. no evidence for borrowing
bukan 24.06 not 5. no evidence for borrowing
tidak 24.06 not 5. no evidence for borrowing
ini 24.07 this 5. no evidence for borrowing
itu 24.08 that 5. no evidence for borrowing
sini 24.09 here 5. no evidence for borrowing
situ (1) 24.1 there 5. no evidence for borrowing
sana 24.1 there 5. no evidence for borrowing
lain 24.11 other 5. no evidence for borrowing
berikut 24.12 next 5. no evidence for borrowing
depan 24.12 next 5. no evidence for borrowing
mendatang 24.12 next 5. no evidence for borrowing
sama 24.13 same 1. clearly borrowed
< sama (Sanskrit )
nihil 24.14 nothing 1. clearly borrowed
< nihil (Latin )
tidak apa-apa 24.14 nothing 5. no evidence for borrowing